IEEE 802.11u: 无线LAN与外部网络互操作规范

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"802.11u-2011 Spec" 802.11u是IEEE标准的一个重要修正案，旨在增强无线局域网（WLAN）设备与外部网络，特别是热点和公共网络的互操作性，无论这些服务是基于订阅还是免费的。该标准是IEEE 802.11系列的一部分，专注于无线MAC（介质访问控制）和PHY（物理层）规范。802.11u被命名为“第9修正案：与外部网络的互操作性”，它是在2007年基础版的802.11标准之上，结合了后续的802.11k、802.11r、802.11y、802.11w、802.11n、802.11p、802.11z和802.11v等多个修正案的更新。这个标准的关键特性包括： 1. **通用接入协议（GAP）**：802.11u引入了通用接入协议，使得无线设备能够识别并连接到不同类型的网络，包括不同技术、认证方式或服务质量（QoS）的网络。 2. **移动互联网接入发现和选择（MIAD）**：MIAD允许设备自动发现可用的外部网络，并根据用户设置或网络条件选择最佳的接入点。这涉及网络的元数据交换，如信号强度、网络类型和费用信息。 3. **网络信息服务（NIS）**：NIS提供了一个框架，用于获取关于可用网络的信息，包括网络的属性、服务、认证要求等，帮助用户做出明智的连接决策。 4. **增强的热点2.0（eHS2.0）**：802.11u为增强型热点2.0提供了基础，这是一个标准化的流程，用于简化移动设备与Wi-Fi热点之间的连接，尤其是对于移动数据漫游的情况。 5. **快速连接和切换**：802.11u结合了802.11r（快速基本服务集切换，Fast BSS Transition）的功能，提高了设备在不同Wi-Fi接入点间切换的速度和效率，减少了中断时间。 6. **安全增强**：与其他802.11修正案一起，802.11u也考虑了安全性，比如802.11w（管理帧保护）提供了对管理帧的加密，增强了网络的安全性。 7. **漫游优化**：802.11u有助于优化漫游过程，确保设备能够在保持连接质量的同时，无缝地从一个网络切换到另一个网络。 8. **跨域服务请求**：允许设备通过Wi-Fi网络请求特定的服务，如打印、文件共享或流媒体，即使这些服务不在本地网络上也可实现。 802.11u标准的实施显著提升了Wi-Fi设备的移动性和用户体验，特别是在公共场所如机场、咖啡厅和会议中心等热点区域。它促进了不同网络间的互操作性和兼容性，推动了Wi-Fi技术在各种场景中的广泛应用。

List of figures

Figure 5-6a—SSPN interface service architecture .......................................................................................... 5

Figure 5-10a—Interworking reference model ................................................................................................. 7

Figure 5-10b—ESS link illustration ................................................................................................................ 8

Figure 6-1—MAC data plane architecture .................................................................................................... 10

Figure 7-36r—GAS Query Response Fragment ID field .............................................................................. 18

Figure 7-36s—Venue Info field format ......................................................................................................... 18

Figure 7-95o118—Interworking element format .......................................................................................... 23

Figure 7-95o119—Access Network Options format ..................................................................................... 23

Figure 7-95o120—Advertisement Protocol element format ......................................................................... 24

Figure 7-95o121—Advertisement Protocol Tuple format.............................................................................25

Figure 7-95o122—Query Response Info format ........................................................................................... 25

Figure 7-95o123—Expedited Bandwidth Request element format............................................................... 26

Figure 7-95o124—QoS Map Set element description................................................................................... 27

Figure 7-95o125—DSCP Exception format.................................................................................................. 27

Figure 7-95o126—DSCP Range description................................................................................................. 28

Figure 7-95o127—Roaming Consortium information element format ......................................................... 28

Figure 7-95o128—OI #1 and #2 Lengths field format.................................................................................. 29

Figure 7-95o129—Emergency Alert Identifier information element format ................................................ 29

Figure 7-95q—ANQP element format ..................................................................................................

........ 30

Figure

7-95r—ANQP Query list format........................................................................................................ 31

Figure 7-95s—ANQP Capability list format ................................................................................................. 32

Figure 7-95t—Venue Name information format ........................................................................................... 32

Figure 7-95u—Venue Name Duple field....................................................................................................... 33

Figure 7-95v—Emergency Call Number information format ....................................................................... 33

Figure 7-95w—Emergency Call Number Unit field format.......................................................................... 33

Figure 7-95x—Network Authentication Type information format ............................................................... 34

Figure 7-95y—Network Authentication Type Unit field format................................................................... 34

Figure 7-95z—Roaming Consortium list format........................................................................................... 35

Figure 7-95aa—OI Duple format .................................................................................................................. 35

Figure 7-95ab—ANQP vendor-specific query format .................................................................................. 36

Figure 7-95ac—IP Address Type Availability information ..........................................................................36

Figure 7-95ad—IP Address field format ....................................................................................................... 36

Figure 7-95ae—NAI Realm list format ......................................................................................................... 37

Figure 7-95af—NAI Realm Data field format .............................................................................................. 38

Figure 7-95ag—NAI Realm Encoding subfield format ................................................................................38

Figure 7-95ah—EAP Method subfield format .............................................................................................. 38

Figure 7-95ai—Authentication Parameter subfield format ........................................................................... 39

Figure 7-95aj—3GPP Cellular Network information format ........................................................................ 41

Figure 7-95ak—AP

Geospatial Location format.

.......................................................................................... 41

Figure 7-95al—AP Civic Location format .................................................................................................... 42

Figure 7-95am—AP Location Public Identifier URI format......................................................................... 42

Figure 7-95ao—Domain Name field format ................................................................................................. 43

Figure 7-95ap—Emergency Alert URI information format .......................................................................... 43

Figure 7-95aq—Emergency NAI element format ......................................................................................... 43

Figure 7-95an—Domain Name list format .................................................................................................... 43

Figure 7-101h10—Query Request length field ............................................................................................. 47

Figure 7-101h11—Query Request field ........................................................................................................ 47

Figure 7-101h12—GAS Comeback Delay field............................................................................................ 48

Figure 7-101h13—Query Response length field ........................................................................................... 48

Figure 7-101h14—Query Response field ...................................................................................................... 48

Figure 11-24—GAS message sequence with dot11GASPauseForServerResponse set to true..................... 76

List of tables

Table 7-10—Association Request frame body.............................................................................................. 15

Table 7-11—Association Response frame body ........................................................................................... 15

Table 7-8—Beacon frame body..................................................................................................................... 15

Table 7-12—Reassociation Request frame body........................................................................................... 16

Table 7-13—Reassociation Response frame body ........................................................................................ 16

Table 7-14—Probe Request frame body ....................................................................................................... 16

Table 7-22—Reason codes ............................................................................................................................ 17

Table 7-15—Probe Response frame body ..................................................................................................... 17

Table 7-23—Status codes .............................................................................................................................. 18

Table 7-25m—Venue Group codes and descriptions .................................................................................... 19

Table 7-25n—Venue Type assignments........................................................................................................ 19

Table 7-26—Element IDs.............................................................................................................................. 22

Table 7-35a—Capabilities field..................................................................................................................... 22

Table 7-43bh—Access network type............................................................................................................. 24

Table 7-43bi—Advertisement protocol ID definitions.................................................................................. 26

Table 7-43bj—Precedence Level field description........................................................................................ 27

Table 7-43bk—ANQP information ID definitions ........................................................................................ 30

Table 7-43bl—Network Authentication Type Indicator definitions ............................................................. 34

Table 7-43bn— IPv4 Address field values.................................................................................................... 37

Table 7-43bm—IPv6 Address field values.................................................................................................... 37

Table 7-43bo—Authentication Parameter types............................................................................................ 39

Table 7-43bp—Authentication Parameter format for the Expanded EAP method ....................................... 40

Table 7-43bq—Vendor-Specific Authentication Parameters ........................................................................ 41

Table 7-45—QoS Action field values ........................................................................................................... 44

Table 7-46—ADDTS Request frame body ................................................................................................... 44

Table 7-47—ADDTS Response frame body ................................................................................................. 45

Table 7-49a—QoS Map configure frame body ............................................................................................. 45

Table 7-57e—Public Action field values....................................................................................................... 46

Table 7-57f6—GAS Initial Request frame body format ............................................................................... 46

Table 7-57f7—GAS Initial Response frame body format.............................................................................47

Table 7-57f9—GAS Comeback Response frame body format ..................................................................... 49

Table 7-57f8—GAS Comeback Request frame body format........................................................................ 49

Table 7-57m—Protected Dual of Public Action field values ........................................................................5

Table 11-2—Encoding of ResultCode to Status Code field value ................

................................................ 74

Table 11-14—GAS MLME primitive’s encoding of Result Code to Status Code field ............................... 79

Table 11-15—ANQP usage ........................................................................................................................... 83

Table 11-16—ESR and UESA field settings................................................................................................. 89

Table 11A-2—Resource types and resource descriptor definitions .............................................................. 91

Table 11B-1—Reason codes for network down............................................................................................ 97

Table 11B-2—Reason codes for ESS link down........................................................................................... 98

Table 11B-3—ESS description.................................................................................................................... 100

Table 11B-4—Trigger support values ......................................................................................................... 101

Table 11B-5—Event Capability Set ............................................................................................................ 104

Table 11B-6—ESS Link Parameter Set....................................................................................................... 105

Table X-2—Example Enterprise DSCP to UP/AC mapping....................................................................... 181

Table X-1—Mapping table of DSCP to 3GPP QoS information and EDCA ACs ..................................... 181

Table X-3—UP to DSCP range mapping example ..................................................................................... 182

Table X-4—SSPN Interface information or permission parameters ........................................................... 183

IEEE Standard for



Information technology—



Telecommunications and information exchange



between systems—



Local and metropolitan area networks—



Specific requirements



Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC)

and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications



Amendment 9: Interworking with External

Networks

(This amendment is based on IEEE Std 802.11™-2007, as amended by IEEE Std 802.11k™-2008, IEEE Std 802.11r™-

2008, IEEE Std 802.11y™-2008, IEEE Std 802.11w™-2009, IEEE Std 802.11n™-2009, IEEE Std 802.11p™-2010,

IEEE Std 802.11z™-2010, and IEEE Std 802.11v™-2011.)

IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or

environmental protection. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate

safety, security, environmental, and health practices or regulatory requirements.

This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These

notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the

heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.”

They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http://standards.ieee.org/IPR/

discla

imers.html.

NOTE—The editing instructions contained in this amendment define how to merge the material contained therein into

the existing base standard and its amendments to form the comprehensive standard.

The editing instructions are shown in bold italic. Four editing instructions are used: change, delete, insert, and replace.

Change is used to make corrections in existing text or tables. The editing instruction specifies the location of the change

and describes what is being changed by using strikethrough

(to remove old material) and underscore (to add new mate-

rial). Delete removes existing material. Insert adds new material without disturbing the existing material. Insertions may

require renumbering. If so, renumbering instructions are given in the editing instruction. Replace is used to make

changes in figures or equations by removing the existing figure or equation and replacing it with a new one. Editorial

notes will not be carried over into future editions because the changes will be incorporated into the base standard.

Notes in text, tables, and figures are given for information only, and do not contain requirements needed to implement the standard.

IEEE 

Std 802.11u-2011 LOCAL AND METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORKS

1. Overview

1.2 Purpose

Insert the following new list item at end of the dashed list in 1.2:

—

Defines functions and procedures aiding network discovery and selection by STAs, information

transfer from external networks using QoS mapping, and a general mechanism for the provision of

emergency services.

2. Normative references

Insert the following new references in alphanumeric order into Clause 2:

3GPP TS 24.234, 3GPP System to Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) interworking; WLAN User

Equipment (WLAN UE) to network protocols; Stage 3.

IANA EAP Method Type Numbers, http://www.iana.org/assignments/eap-numbers.

IEEE Std 802.21™-2008, IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Media Independent

Handover Services, January 2009.

3, 4

IETF RFC 1035, Domain Names — Implementation and Specification, P. Mockapetris, November 1987.

IETF RFC 3629, UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646, F. Yergeau, November 2003.

IETF RFC 3748, Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), B. Aboba, L. Blunk, J. Vollbrecht, J. Carlson,

H. Levkowetz, June 2004.

IETF RFC 3986, Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax, January 2005.

IETF RFC 4282, The Network Access Identifier, December 2005.

IETF RFC 5216, The EAP-TLS Authentication Protocol, D. Simon, B. Aboba, R. Hurst, March 2008.

OASIS Emergency Management Technical Committee, “Emergency Data Exchange Language (EDXL)

Distribution Element, v. 1.0.” OASIS Standard EDXL-DE v1.0, May 2006.

3. Definitions

Insert the following new definitions in alphabetical order into Clause 3, renumbering as necessary:

3.267 Access Network Query Protocol (ANQP): The query protocol for access network information

retrieval transported by generic advertisement service (GAS) Public Action frames.

3GPP documents are available from the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Web site (http://www.3gpp.org).

IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854,

USA (http://standards.ieee.org/).

The IEEE standards or products referred to in this clause are trademarks of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers, Inc.

Internet RFCs are available from the Internet Engineering Task Force at http://www.ietf.org/.

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