构建专业3D游戏：Unity开发基础与环境音效

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"《Unity游戏设计基础》是一本深入介绍Unity游戏开发的专业指南，由Will Goldstone编著，由Packt Publishing出版。该书旨在帮助读者构建功能齐全、专业级别的3D游戏，包括真实环境、声音效果和动态特效等元素，确保游戏的完整性和专业水准。作者在书中详尽讲解了Unity游戏开发的核心概念和技术，适合初学者和有一定经验的开发者提升技能。本书涵盖了Unity Game Development Essentials的基本内容，从零开始，引导读者逐步掌握如何创建游戏场景、角色、动画、光照、物理模拟，以及如何实现音频和特效的无缝融合。通过实例和实战项目，读者将学习到如何运用Unity引擎的各种工具和组件，如C#编程语言、Unity编辑器的界面操作、Asset Store的资源管理，以及如何优化性能和进行版本控制。此外，书中还强调版权问题，明确指出未经出版商书面许可，不得复制、存储或通过任何形式传播书中的内容。尽管作者和出版社已经尽力确保信息的准确性，但书中提供的信息并不保证无误，也不承担因使用本书导致的直接或间接损失的责任。在版权和商标信息方面，Packt Publishing在提到所有公司和产品时采用了适当的标识，但并不能保证这些信息的完全准确。本书的第一版出版日期表明它是一个持续更新和完善的资源，反映了Unity技术的最新进展。《Unity游戏设计基础》是一本实用的教程，不仅适合希望进入游戏开发领域的学习者，也适合寻求提升现有Unity技能的专业人员，它为读者提供了一个系统化的方法，帮助他们在游戏开发的世界中探索和创新。"

Preface

Unity is a 3D game authoring tool for Mac and PC. Game engines are the nuts and

bolts that sit behind the scenes of every video game. From the artwork right down to

the mathematics that decide every frame on screen, the "engine" makes the decisions.

Starting out with rendering—the method of displaying graphics on screen, and

integrating a control method and a set of rules for the game to follow—the engine is

what a developer builds to "house" the game. Modern 3D game engines are a deluge of

meticulously written code, and as such, once used for their intended purpose (which

is the production of a game they are made for), these engines are often sold, modied,

and reused. An obvious example of this is the Epic Games Unreal Engine. Originally

developed in the late 90s for Unreal—a PC First Person Shooter—the engine has gone

on to see massive success in its more recent incarnations, being licensed by other

developers for literally hundreds of commercial games and simulations.

Due to the level of complexity and cost of such commercial game engines, the

game development industry is a difcult area of interest for potential fresh talent

to break into, without studying programming languages such as C++ extensively.

Modern console and computer games are built around C++ as it is currently the most

efcient language in terms of computational speed, and as such, the structure and

commands of commercial games engines require thousands upon thousands of such

lines of code to function. This code is delivered in Unity with the help of just-in-time

compilation (known as JIT), using the open source C++ library Mono. By using JIT

compilation, engines such as Unity can take advantage of high-speed compilation,

whereby the code you will write for Unity is compiled to Mono just before it is

executed. This is crucial for games that must execute code at specic moments

during runtime. In addition to the Mono library, Unity also takes advantage of

other software libraries in its functionality, such as Nvidia's PhysX physics engine,

OpenGL, and DirectX for 3D rendering and OpenAL for audio. All these libraries are

built into the application, so you will not need to worry about learning how to use

them individually. So, simply sit back and enjoy them working for you seamlessly

within Unity.

This material is copyright and is licensed for the sole use by Vadim Kudria on 4th October 2009

6352 108th St, , Forest Hills, , 11375

Download at WoweBook.Com

Preface

[ 2 ]

The developers of engines also build tools with which to command the functional

coding they have created. For example, the creation of an outdoor terrain is held in

a set of instructions which dene its shape (or topography), visual appearance, and

even how it responds to deformation in game. But this set of instructions would be

inefcient as a part of the game engine were it not attached to a visual tool to control

the aforementioned properties. This is where a Graphical User Interface (GUI) comes

in. Game engine developers will often build an interface of tools to aid their team in

manipulating parts of the engine in order to save time in the development process

and make the engine accessible to potential buyers, post production. This is also

true of Unity, as it has a very strong community of users that share their tools in the

form of plugins for the package. Visit the Unify community wiki at http://www.

unifycommunity.com/wiki

for more information.

For many new potential developers, the steep learning curve required to pick up

programming languages such as C++, or the engines that utilize it, is simply too

great a task to attempt. Without completing degree-level studies in programming

or computer animation, it is difcult for many enthusiasts to get started in learning

the concepts, methods, and design principles involved in game production. Unity

Technologies is one such company that has set out to rectify this. Starting with

their own game engine in 2001, the Danish-based game development company

endeavoured to strip down their complex game development tools and make a

simple, user-driven package that anyone could pick up and begin experimenting

with. The team resolved to keep the source code that drives the engine behind the

scenes, instead providing a complete GUI (Graphical User Interface) that allows the

user to control the powerful engine source code without ever having to create parts

of it themselves. This factor has made Unity highly popular with new developers,

and is likely one of the key reasons you're reading this book. By establishing logical

concepts and categorizing common methods involved in game production, Unity

puts the power of its engine into the user's hands, allowing maximum results with

minimal effort, thereby encouraging experimentation with the most crucial factor of

all—gameplay.

Having appealed to many games developers, Unity has lled a gap in the games

development market that few others can fully claim to cater to. Having the ability

to produce professional standard games, publish 3D to both Mac and PC, as well

as having its own Web Player, Unity is one of the fastest growing game engines in

its sector. The engine also has its own Nintendo Wii and Apple iPhone developing

versions, meaning that once you have mastered the basics, a pipeline to not only

home computer, but also to console and mobile development lies ahead of you.

This material is copyright and is licensed for the sole use by Vadim Kudria on 4th October 2009

6352 108th St, , Forest Hills, , 11375

Download at WoweBook.Com

Preface

[ 3 ]

The fast pace of the entertainment and marketing industries requires a quick

turnaround of gaming media. Also, many companies are now looking to packages

such as Unity to enable their creatives to produce better products with the greatest

of ease. With 2009 seeing the release of Unity version 2.5, and its rst steps onto PC

format, its usage looks set to skyrocket. But what is Unity? How does it work? What

can it do? And most importantly, how can it get you get started on the path to 3D

game development in just a few weeks?

What this book covers

This book is designed to cover a set of easy-to-follow examples, which culminate

in the production of a First-Person-viewed 3D game, complete with an interactive

island environment. By introducing common concepts of game and 3D production,

we'll explore the use of Unity to make a player character interact with the game

world, and build puzzles for the player to solve in order to complete the game.

Here's a quick chapter-by-chapter overview of what will be covered:

Chapter 1—Welcome to the Third Dimension

This chapter covers the key concepts we'll need to understand and complete the

exercise in this book. It takes a brief look at 3D concepts and the processes used

by Unity to create games.

Chapter 2—Environments

Our game world is but an empty void! We'll kick off with this chapter by taking a

look at the various ways to incorporate terrains, externally produced 3D models,

and other Unity engine features such as sound and lighting to get your game

environment up and running.

Chapter 3—Player Characters

Every game needs a hero, right? In this chapter, we'll be taking a look at every

element that goes into making the rst-person player character from input controls

to cameras and colliders. Once you've learnt what goes into making him, you'll

introduce the player character to your island and take a stroll around.

This material is copyright and is licensed for the sole use by Vadim Kudria on 4th October 2009

6352 108th St, , Forest Hills, , 11375

Download at WoweBook.Com

Preface

[ 4 ]

Chapter 4—Interactions

Games are all about interacting with a virtual world, so where would our character

be without some in-game actions? In this chapter, I'll introduce you to collision

detection and ray casting. We'll look at how we can combine these techniques with

scripting and animation to transform our static building into one that responds to

our player.

Chapter 5—Prefabs, Collection, and HUD

Giving your player a sense of achievement in your game is essential. To help with

this, you'll need to remind them of actions they've taken so far in the game, and

give them something to aim for. In this fth chapter, we will construct what is often

referred to as a Heads Up Display (HUD) with text and graphical displays that

change dynamically as the user plays.

Having created a simple HUD, you'll create a short object-collection game, which

will allow the player character to pick up batteries in order to gain access to the

building on the island.

Chapter 6—Instantiation and Rigidbodies

Almost every game scenario that you can imagine will involve creating or

"spawning" objects in your environment. Known in programming terms as

Instantiation, the creation of objects during the game's runtime is a crucial concept

for every beginner developer to get to grips with.

Having created our collection game and building interaction in previous chapters,

we'll be building upon the interactivity in our game by creating a basic target game,

which will involve throwing objects at targets to unlock a part of our environment.

This will not only teach you about instantiation, but also the crucial concept of using

rigid body physics objects in your games.

Chapter 7— Particle Systems

What's a 3D game these days without some fancy graphic effects to wow the player?

In this chapter, you'll be creating a log re to keep our player warm—using two

particle systems, one for ames and the other for smoke.

Using a Particle System, we'll look at how we can mimic the behavior of re and

utilize images for each particle to add realism; we'll nish by disabling the re,

giving the player something to aim for—getting it lit to keep warm!

This material is copyright and is licensed for the sole use by Vadim Kudria on 4th October 2009

6352 108th St, , Forest Hills, , 11375

Download at WoweBook.Com

Preface

[ 5 ]

Chapter 8—Menu Design

Creating a professional, easy-to-navigate menu is a crucial part of making an

enjoyable game product. What user is going to want to play your game if he or

she can't even nd the Start button? In this chapter, we look at the various ways

of creating menus and other user interfaces for the player to interact with.

You will create menus using both GUI textures and the GUI class in order to

create scalable interfaces that can be deployed on the desktop or the Web.

Chapter 9—Finishing Touches

In game production, especially in Unity, you will reach a point at which you have

just created some piece of interaction in your game that you're so pleased with, you

want to add that extra polish to make it really stand out to the player.

In this chapter we'll take a look at further uses of sound, lighting effects, trail

rendering, and other dynamic effects that are easy to implement, and make the

difference between a simple working game and a polished nal product.

Chapter 10—Building and sharing

In this chapter, we will look at how we can export your game for the Web and as a

standalone project. We'll look at various different settings you will need to consider

when you are preparing your nished product for your audience, such as graphical

quality, control input, and more.

Chapter 11—Testing and further study

In this chapter, we will discuss the ways in which you should move on from this

book, and how you can gather information from test users to improve your game.

This will help you prepare your project to be tested by a wider audience to get

feedback and make even better games!

What you need for this book

• An installed copy of the Unity software—a trial version is available from

Unity3D.com

• Internet connection in order to download supplied 3D models and other

assets, available from PacktPub.com

This material is copyright and is licensed for the sole use by Vadim Kudria on 4th October 2009

6352 108th St, , Forest Hills, , 11375

Download at WoweBook.Com

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