Recap 141
5 Structs and Classes 142
Value Types and Reference Types 143
Mutation 147
Mutating Methods 151
inout Parameters 152
Lifecycle 153
Reference Cycles 153
Closures and Reference Cycles 158
Choosing between Unowned and Weak References 160
Deciding between Structs and Classes 161
Classes with Value Semantics 162
Structs with Reference Semantics 163
Copy-On-Write Optimization 165
Copy-On-Write Tradeoffs 166
Implementing Copy-On-Write 167
Recap 171
6 Enums 173
Overview 174
Enums Are Value Types 175
Sum Types and Product Types 177
Pattern Matching 179
Pattern Matching in Other Contexts 183
Designing with Enums 185
Switch Exhaustively 186
Make Illegal States Impossible 187
Use Enums for Modeling State 191
Choosing between Enums and Structs 195
Parallels between Enums and Protocols 197
Use Enums to Model Recursive Data Structures 200
Raw Values 206
The RawRepresentable Protocol 207
Manual RawRepresentable Conformance 208
RawRepresentable for Structs and Classes 209
Internal Representation of Raw Values 210
Enumerating Enum Cases 211
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