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3 手动准备手动准备 OS 9
3.1 基本操作系统安装9
3.2 安装其他必需的软件包10
3.3 配置主机名10
3.4 配置网络时间和日期11
时代11
NTPD 11
3.5 配置存储12
3.6 激活SAP HANA特定的调整配置文件14
3.7 禁用SELinux 15
3.8 禁用自动NUMA平衡15
3.9 添加符号链接16
3.10 禁用透明大页面(THP)16
3.11 配置处理器的C状态17
3.12 增加允许用户运行的最大进程数18
3.13 禁用ABRT,核心转储和kdump 18
3.14 防火墙配置19
使用端口的计算19
通用网络20
配置防火墙20
4 SAP HANA安装安装 22
4.1 准备22
4.2 SAP HANA安装示例24
使用hdblcm的交互式命令行SAP HANA安装24
使用hdblcmgui交互式安装SAP HANA 25
使用hdblcm的无人参与安装25
向外扩展安装26
2 公共
适用于SAP HANA的Red Hat Enterprise Linux(RHEL)7.x配置指南
内容内容
5 使用使用 Kickstart自动安装自动安装 RHEL和和 SAP HANA 27
5.1 在RHEL 7.x上安装SAP HANA的示例Kickstart文件的说明27
5.2 Kickstart流程示例29
6 操作系统维护操作 系 统 维 护 32
6.1 更改操作系统配置32
6.2 维护/修补32
6.3 支持33
7 附录附录 34
7.1 附录A – RHEL 7.x上SAP HANA的必需软件包34
7.2 附录B – SAP HANA调整的配置文件OS修改35
7.3 附录C –用于无人值守的SAP HANA安装的XML密码文件示例36
7.4 附录D – Kickstart示例文件37
7.5 附录E –在虚拟机(VMware)中安装40
适用于SAP HANA的Red Hat Enterprise Linux(RHEL)7.x配置指南
内容内容公开 3
1 内容提要内容提要
本指南是对SAP和硬件供应商现有文档的补充,以提供有关如何配置SAP HANA的Red Hat Enterprise Linux(SAP HANA
的RHEL)以与SAP HANA一起使用的特定指南。
SAP HANA offers two distinct deployment models, a complete pre-installed and pre-configured (so called Appliance)
model from the hardware vendors or the Tailored Datacenter Integration (TDI) model where the customers take
responsibility for the construction and validation of their SAP HANA environment but by that providing a better
integration into their IT infrastructures.
The setup described in this guide is based on the recommendations in the following SAP Notes and other SAP
documentation:
● SAP Note 2235581 - SAP HANA: Supported Operating Systems
● SAP Note 2292690 - SAP HANA DB: Recommended OS settings for RHEL 7.2
● SAP Note 2298750 - SAP HANA Platform SPS 12 Release Note
● SAP HANA Server Installation and Update Guide
● SAP HANA – Storage Requirements Guide
This guide does not describe all variants resulting in a valid deployment. It describes the base
configurations along with the minimum requirements.
This guide does not replace any existing SAP HANA documentation, including SAP Notes, and
sizing guides. Furthermore, it does not replace any SAP HANA hardware vendor documentation.
Note
SAP HANA Platform SPS 12 is the minimum version supported on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2 (RHEL for SAP
HANA).
Check the matrix attached to SAP Note 2235581
- SAP HANA: Supported Operating Systems for the
certified OS release and SAP HANA SPS combinations.
1.1 How to Use This Guide
This guide is divided into four main parts:
1. Manual installation of RHEL for SAP HANA 7.2.
2. SAP HANA installation examples.
3. Automatic Installation of OS and SAP HANA with a Kickstart file.
4. Appendices as shortcuts to more detailed information.
Some steps depend highly on your environment
and the devices used in your servers. Adapt the
instructions given in this guide accordingly to
match your environment.
4 P U B L I C
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.x Configuration Guide for SAP HANA
Executive Summary
In the step-by-step instructions, there is always a
short description stating what has to be done.
And below the text there is a gray box with an
example showing what could be executed. Only
use copy-paste if you are sure that you do not
have to replace a placeholder.
1.2 Installation Overview of SAP HANA on RHEL 7.x
These are the general steps for installing SAP HANA on RHEL for SAP
HANA 7.x:
● Install minimal RHEL. Use the base application profile.
● Register the host to the Red Hat Customer Portal or your local Red Hat Satellite server and subscribe it to
the required channels for RHEL for SAP HANA.
● Configure the OS according to the guidelines in SAP Note 2292690 - SAP HANA DB: Recommended OS settings for
RHEL 7.2, the SAP HANA installation guides and the recommendations in this guide.
● Update the system to the latest release within the version range used.
● Install SAP HANA.
Related Information
SAP Note 2235581 - SAP HANA: Supported Operating Systems
SAP Note 2292690 - SAP HANA DB: Recommended OS settings for RHEL 7.2 SAP Note 2298750
- SAP HANA Platform SPS 12 Release Note
SAP HANA Server Installation and Update Guide SAP HANA – Storage Requirements Guide
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.x Configuration Guide for SAP HANA
Executive Summary P U B L I C 5
2 Prerequisites
Before performing the actual installation of SAP HANA, ensure that you have fulfilled the prerequisites listed in the
following sections.
2.1 Hardware
Your server hardware platform must be validated for SAP HANA independently of which
delivery approach (Appliance or TDI) you plan to use.
For a list of validated server hardware platforms, see SAP Certified and Supported SAP
HANA Hardware . For information on supported hardware for SAP HANA TDI setups, see
SAP HANA TDI - Overview .
2.2 Storage
The appliance hardware vendors provide storage within their pre-build SAP HANA systems.
If you use the TDI approach, SAP HANA requires a SAP HANA TDI certified storage
subsystem (see SAP Certified and Supported SAP HANA Hardware for the list of certified
storage systems). You need to apply the file system layout / partitioning which is outlined in
the SAP HANA Server Installation and Update Guide and the SAP HANA – Storage
Requirements Guide . For TDI setups also check the storage vendors' TDI documentation for
specific setup requirements for their storage systems.
Ensure to pick the right sections and clearly distinguish between shared file system based
installations and shared disc based installation.
The mount points in this guide do apply for scale-up deployments or for shared file system
deployments. Mount points for shared disc deployments can be either retrieved from the
SAP HANA Server Installation and Update Guide or to some extend from the hardware
vendor’s documentation.
For more information about file system layout, the partitioning, and the sizing, see the
section Recommended File System Layout in the SAP HANA Server Installation and Update
Guide and the SAP HANA – Storage Requirements Guide .
6 P U B L I C
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.x Configuration Guide for SAP HANA
Prerequisites
2.3 Software
You must use a combination of RHEL for SAP HANA and an SAP HANA SPS that is certified
by SAP.
Check the matrix attached to SAP Note 2235581 - SAP HANA: Supported Operating
Systems for the certified OS/HANA SPS combinations.
Each host on which SAP HANA is installed needs a valid subscription for Red Hat
Enterprise Linux for SAP HANA which can be obtained via your hardware vendor or directly
from Red Hat Sales.
To prepare the OS for the HANA installation the following RHEL repositories must be
accessible:
● Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server
● Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server - Extras
● Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server - Optional
● Red Hat Enterprise Linux for SAP HANA (RHEL 7 Server)
If you plan to set up SAP HANA with the automated HANA System
Replication HA solution provided by Red Hat the following Repository
must be accessible as well:
● Red Hat Enterprise Linux High Availability (for RHEL 7 Server)
To ensure that the system stays on a certified RHEL7 release the system must be subscribed to the corresponding Extended Update Support (EUS) repositories after installation.
1.4 Required Hosts
The following hosts need to be accessible during installation. Without them the Installation is not possible: The following list is separated into two categories:
● Host to install: <hostname>.example.com
● When not using a Red Hat Satellite Server:
○ Web server for Kickstart files: <webserver>.example.com
○ FTP for repositories: <ftpserver>.example.com
● When using a Red Hat Satellite Server:
Satellite Server: <satellite>.example.com
● NTP server: <ntp>.example.com
● SAP Service Marketplace
The host names have to be substituted with the names of the corresponding host in your environment.
Related Information
SAP Certified and Supported SAP HANA Hardware SAP HANA TDI - Overview
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.x Configuration Guide for SAP HANA
Prerequisites P U B L I C 7
SAP HANA Server Installation and Update Guide SAP HANA – Storage Requirements Guide
SAP Note 2235581 - SAP HANA: Supported Operating Systems Red Hat Enterprise Linux for SAP HANA
8 P U B L I C
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.x Configuration Guide for SAP HANA
Prerequisites
3 Manual Preparation of the OS
The following preparations must be made.
3.1 Basic OS Installation
Perform the basic installation steps:
● Install interactively from a regular RHEL 7.x DVD (use the minimal installation option).
● Subscribe your system to Red Hat channels according to the following Red Hat knowledge base articles:
○ How to subscribe a RHEL 7 system to RHEL for SAP HANA child channel?
○ How to subscribe RHEL 7 SAP HANA system to Extended Update Support (EUS) channel?
Before proceeding with the OS configuration verify that the system has access to the required
repositories:
# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, rhnplugin, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
The list could look like this:
Table 1:
repo id repo name status
rhel-7-server-rpms/7Server/x86_
64
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server
(RPMs)
11.059
rhel-7-server-extras-rpms/x86_6
4
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server
- Ex tras (RPMs)
249
rhel-7-server-optional-rpms/7Ser
ver/ x86_64
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server
- Op tional (RPMs)
8.719
rhel-sap-hana-for-rhel-7-server-r
pms/ 7Server/x86_64
Red Hat Enterprise Linux for SA
P HANA (RHEL 7 Server) (RP
Ms)
11
rhel-ha-for-rhel-7-server-rpms/ 7
Server/x86_64
Red Hat Enterprise Linux High Av
aila bility (for RHEL 7 Server) (RP
Ms)
211
Note
The Red Hat Enterprise Linux High Availability (for RHEL 7 Server) (RPMs) repository is only required if you
plan to set up automated SAP HANA System Replication using the RHEL HA add-on.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.x Configuration Guide for SAP HANA
Manual Preparation of the OS P U B L I C 9
3.2 Install Additional Required Packages
Install the base package group and other additional required packages required for running SAP HANA on RHEL 7 according to the list in
Appendix A - Required Packages for SAP HANA on RHEL 7.x:
# yum -y groupinstall base
# yum install gtk2 libicu xulrunner sudo tcsh libssh2 expect cairo graphviz iptraf-ng \
krb5-workstation krb5-libs libpng12 nfs-utils lm_sensors rsyslog openssl098e openssl \
PackageKit-gtk3-module libcanberra-gtk2 libtool-ltdl xorg-x11-xauth numactl \ xfsprogs net-tools bind-utils
3.3 Configure the Hostname
Configure the hostname:
● Configure the server hostname to <hostname>.example.com:
# hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>
● Make sure /etc/hosts contains an entry matching the hostname and IP address of the system:
<your ip> <hostname>.example.com <hostname>
● Double-check that it works:
# hostname
<hostname>
# hostname -s
<hostname>
# hostname -f
<hostname>.example.com
# hostname -d example.com
● Check that the DNS setup is working correctly (lookup and reverse lookup):
# nslookup <hostname> Server: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Address: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx#53
Name: <hostname>.example.com Address: <your.ip>
# nslookup <yourip> Server: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Address: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx#53
<your.ip.reverse>.in-addr.arpa
name = <hostname>.example.com.
10 P U B L I C
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.x Configuration Guide for SAP HANA
Manual Preparation of the OS
3.4 Configure Network Time and Date
Make sure you have correct network time settings.
There are many ways to keep your time in sync. The default with RHEL 7 is chrony, but most customers still use NTP (Network Time Protocol) in their environments. For guidance on which NTP
implementation to choose see the chapter Choosing Between NTP Daemons in the RHEL7 System Administrators Guide.
3.4.1 Chrony
The following process describes the setup of chrony:
● Make sure chronyd is installed:
# yum -y install chronyd
# systemctl stop chronyd.service
● Edit /etc/chrony.conf and make sure the server lines reflect your ntp servers:
# grep ^server /etc/chrony.conf server ntp.example.com
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