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The open standard for two-way satellite broadband VSAT systems
DVB Fact Sheet – May 2009
What is DVB-RCS?
DVB-RCS is a technical standard, designed by the DVB Project, that defines a complete air interface specification for
two-way satellite broadband VSAT (very small aperture terminal) systems. Low cost VSAT equipment can provide highly
dynamic, demand-assigned transmission capacity to residential and commercial/institutional users. DVB-RCS provides
users with the equivalent of an ADSL or cable Internet connection, without the need for local terrestrial infrastructure.
Depending on satellite link budgets and other system design parameters, DVB-RCS implementations can dynamically
provide anywhere up to 20 Mbit/s to each terminal on the outbound link, and up to 5 Mbit/s or more from each terminal on
the inbound link. The standard is published by ETSI as EN 301 790.
DVB’s Technical Module approved the DVB-RCS+M specification in 2008, providing support for mobile and nomadic
terminals as well as enhanced support for direct terminal-to-terminal (mesh) connectivity. DVB-RCS+M includes features
such as live handovers between satellite spot-beams, spread-spectrum features to meet regulatory constraints for mobile
terminals, and continuous-carrier transmission for terminals with high traffic aggregation. It also includes link-layer forward
error correction, used as a countermeasure against shadowing and blocking of the satellite link.
Background
Today there are several vendors of DVB-RCS standard compliant systems as well as proprietary VSAT systems that
provide services of the same general nature as DVB-RCS, but without full compliance with the standard. DVB-RCS was
developed in response to a request from several satellite and network operators who wanted to embark on large-scale
deployment of such systems considering it essential to have an open standard in order to mitigate the risks associated
with being tied to a single vendor. The standard was developed using state-of-the art techniques, allowing an optimised
trade-off between performance and cost. As a consensus based standard DVB-RCS also has a controlled evolutionary
future, secured by global contributions to the system under an agreed and open framework.
How does it work?
In its basic form, DVB-RCS provides “hub-spoke” connectivity; i.e., all user terminals are connected to a central hub that
both controls the system and acts as a traffic gateway between the users and the wider Internet. The user terminal
consists of a small indoor unit, and an outdoor unit with an antenna size not much bigger than a conventional direct-to-
home TV receiver. Since the DVB-RCS terminal also transmits data the outdoor unit includes an RF power amplifier.
Figure 1. Network Architecture for DVB-RCS
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