构建自动化GUI测试工具：.NET编程实践

软件测试

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"高效软件测试自动化：开发自动化GUI测试工具" 本书《高效软件测试自动化：开发自动化GUI测试工具》由Kanglin Li和Mengqi Wu撰写，旨在引导读者掌握如何构建一个可重用且适应各种开发环境的自动化测试工具。书中首先探讨了软件测试的重要性和现有测试工具的不足之处，提出了解决这些问题的方法。接下来，作者深入介绍了用于自动化测试工具开发的.NET编程技术，包括关键概念和实用技巧。在.NET框架部分，作者详尽地讲解了命名空间的概念，它是组织代码库的关键机制，让开发者能够有效地管理类和接口。类是.NET编程的核心，书中阐述了如何定义和使用类来构建测试自动化工具的结构。Reflection是.NET中的一个强大特性，允许程序在运行时检查自身并执行动态操作，这对于构建灵活的自动化测试工具至关重要。CodeDom（代码对象模型）则是.NET中用于生成源代码的API，它在创建和修改代码文件时起着重要作用。此外，书中还讨论了如何将.NET技术与Excel和XML结合使用。Excel可以方便地存储和组织测试数据，而XML则是一种通用的数据交换格式，两者结合能实现测试脚本的灵活管理和配置。书中提供了大量开发例程，帮助读者通过实践来掌握这些技术。书中还涵盖了单元测试、集成测试和回归测试的自动化，这些都是软件开发过程中的关键测试阶段。单元测试专注于验证代码的各个独立部分，集成测试则确保不同组件之间的协同工作，而回归测试则确保在代码更改后，原有的功能仍然正常工作。通过学习本书，读者不仅能掌握自动化测试工具的开发，还能了解到如何合理部署这些工具，从而提高测试效率，减少手动测试的工作量，提升软件质量。这本书对于软件测试工程师、开发人员以及对自动化测试感兴趣的IT专业人士来说，是一份宝贵的参考资料。

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Introduction

intermediate- to advanced-level programmer interested in expanding their knowledge in

both software development and software testing.

This book’s content includes programming techniques with examples in C#. Then it gradually

progresses to the development of a fully automated GUI testing tool. Although the sample code

is in C# using the Microsoft Windows platform, the tool has been evolved from a Visual Basic 6

project. I have also used these methods and developed a Java testing tool for a test project.

This book is also for the managers of organizations where software is developed and used.

As economists have reported, software failures result in substantial economic loss to the

United States each year. Approximately half of the losses occur within the software manu-

facturing industry. If you are a senior managerial administrator of a software organization,

you are most likely interested in an improved software testing method. The other half of the

losses is out of the pockets of the software end users. If your business or institution consists

of software end users, you probably maintain teams to support the software purchased from

the contract vendors. Being aware of testing methods will assist you with efficient software

application in your organization.

How This Book Is Organized

To present ideas well, the first two chapters in this book are an introduction to software testing,

the available testing tools, and the expectations of software testers. Chapters 3 through 6 focus

on Win32 API programming and .NET fundamentals needed for the development of the GUI

test library. Chapters 7 through 14 are devoted to designing and implementing the Automated-

GUITest tool until full automation is achieved. The following list includes a short description

of each chapter.

Chapter 1, “GUI Testing: An Overview,” describes the management of software GUI testing

and the techniques built into .NET that can make it possible to test software dynamically.

Chapter 2, “Available GUI Testing Tools vs. the Proposed Tool,” presents a brief review of

some of the automated GUI testing tools on the market and the main points of the testing

methods proposed in this book. The available tools have been proved by studies to be inade-

quate. The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate the necessity of an new and improved test

method, of adding more testing capabilities to a testing tool, and of creating a fully automated

test for new and complex software projects.

Chapter 3, “C# Win32 API Programming and Test Monkeys,” deals with how to marshal

the Win32 API functions to be used as C# code for developing the tool. It also includes the

code for you to develop a C# API Text Viewer to take the place of the old API Text Viewer for

Visual Basic 6 programmers. The newly developed C# API Text Viewer will be used in three

ways. First, it will generate C# code to marshal the Win32 functions needed for developing a

4351Intro.fm Page xv Tuesday, September 28, 2004 9:12 PM

xvi

Introduction

fully automated GUI testing tool. Second, it will serve as an application under test for the GUI

testing tool as the testing tool is developed throughout the book. Third, the C# API Text

Viewer will test the tool with different degrees of automation as the book progresses. In the end

of this chapter, the C# API Text Viewer is used to present you with a test monkey.

Chapter 4, “Developing a GUI Test Library,” guides you through the development of a GUI

test library with functions for finding GUI objects from an interface and manipulating the

mouse actions.

Chapter 5, “.NET Programming and GUI Testing,” introduces.NET technologies—including

reflection, late binding, serialization, and XML programming—with regard to data store, data

presentation, and GUI testing.

Chapter 6, “Testing a Windows Form in General,” describes how a GUI test script is created

manually. This handcrafted test script forms the base on which a fully automated GUI test will

be built.

Chapter 7, “Architecture and Implementation of the Automatic GUI Test Tool,” lays out

the architecture for a automated GUI testing tool and helps you build the first evolution of the

proposed AutomatedGUITest tool.

Chapter 8, “Methods of GUI Test Verification,” explains how to effectively verify the test

results and add code to the AutomatedGUITest project for automatic verification.

Chapter 9, “Testing Label and Cosmetic GUI Controls,” describes the processes of testing

Label and other cosmetic GUI controls.

Chapter 10, “Testing a TextBox Control with Input from a Keyboard,” discusses the

SendKeys

class of .NET Framework and updates the AutomatedGUITest for testing TextBox

controls.

Chapter 11, “Testing RadioButton and CheckBox Controls,” shows you how the RadioButton

and CheckBox controls are used in software applications and discusses ways to test them.

Chapter 12, “Menu Clicking for GUI Test Automation,” introduces more Win32 API

functions for discovering menu items and testing them.

Chapter 13, “User-Defined and COM-Based Controls,” introduces methods for developing

custom GUI controls in the Microsoft Visual Studio .NET IDE and Microsoft Visual Studio

6 IDE and updates the AutomatedGUITest tool for testing such controls.

Chapter 14, “Testing Issues for Non .NET Applications,” presents the methods for testing

an unmanaged application. This chapter tests

Notepad.exe

as an example after new code is

added to the tool project.

4351Intro.fm Page xvi Tuesday, September 28, 2004 9:12 PM

xvii

Introduction

About the Examples

The examples start with the programming precepts of C# and Win32 API functions. The goal

is to use the predefined methods of a programming language to complete an AutomatedGUI-

Test tool project and avoid reinventing the wheel. There are four kinds of sample code in the

chapters:

●

Sample code for developing a C# API Text Viewer

●

Simple examples to demonstrate using C# and Win32 API functions

●

Example projects to be tested by the AutomatedGUITest tool

●

Sample code of the AutomatedGUITest tool project

The code examples in the first category most often appear in Chapters 3 through Chapter 6.

Thereafter, Chapters 7 through 14 are totally dedicated to automating the test project. The

sample code in these chapters is in the third category. There are only three examples of the sec-

ond category, simulating real assemblies under test. They are implemented in Chapters 3 and

12 and submitted to testing throughout the book.

Besides the C# API Text Viewer, the code in Chapter 3 also develops a test monkey. Chapter 5

develops an XML document viewer that will be used to present the test results for the Automated-

GUITest tool.

In Chapter 4 and thereafter, some code is added to the GUI test library and AutomatedGUI-

Test project in each chapter. At the end of each chapter, the sample code can be compiled to

produce an executable assembly. The testing tool achieves different degrees of automation

until a fully automated test tool is developed by the end of the book.

Where to Find the Source Code

The sample and project code for each chapter can be downloaded from

www.sybex.com

by per-

forming a search using this book’s title, the author’s name, or the ISBN (4351). This saves you

from having to type in the code. It also includes a complete compiled version of the project,

which allows you to put the AutomatedGUITest into immediate practice for your software

project.

To execute the

AutomatedGUITest.exe

file, you can copy the files from the

Chapter14\

AutomatedGUITest\bin\Debug

folder of the downloaded sample code to a computer system.

The minimum requirements for a computer system are as follows:

●

Windows 95/98/2000/NT/XP

●

Preinstalled .NET Framework

●

20MB of free hard disk space

4351Intro.fm Page xvii Tuesday, September 28, 2004 9:12 PM

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