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SMPTE

2022

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Forward Error Correction for Real-Time Video/Audio Transport Over IP Networks

, :.ST 2022-1:2007

http://standards.smpte.org/content/978-1-61482-615-6/st-2022-1-2007/SEC1

the World Wide Web at:

The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on

MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS

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Approved

May 24, 2007

Table of Contents Page

Foreword ................................................................................................................................................. 2

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 2

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................. 3

2 Conformance Notation ........................................................................................................................ 3

3 Normative References ........................................................................................................................ 3

4 Acronyms (Informative) ....................................................................................................................... 3

5 Definitions ........................................................................................................................................... 4

5.1 Traffic Shaping ............................................................................................................................. 4

5.2 XOR ............................................................................................................................................. 4

5.3 Latency......................................................................................................................................... 4

5.4 Delay ............................................................................................................................................ 4

6 Background (Informative).................................................................................................................... 4

7 Encapsulation Scheme ....................................................................................................................... 5

7.1 RTP/UDP/IP Layer ....................................................................................................................... 5

8 FEC Scheme....................................................................................................................................... 5

8.1 FEC Packet Arrangement ............................................................................................................ 5

8.2 FEC Buffer Overhead and Latency Implications.......................................................................... 7

8.3 FEC Packet RTP Header Format ................................................................................................ 7

8.4 FEC Header Format..................................................................................................................... 8

8.5 FEC Traffic Shaping Issues ......................................................................................................... 9

8.6 Reorder Tolerance (Informative).................................................................................................. 10

9 System Configuration.......................................................................................................................... 10

Annex A Bibliography (Informative) ...................................................................................................... 11

Annex B Non-Block Aligned FEC Arrangement (Informative) .............................................................. 12

Annex C Block Aligned FEC Arrangement (Informative)...................................................................... 13

Annex D Delay (Informative)................................................................................................................. 15

Page 1 of 15 pages

SMPTE 2022-1-2007

SMPTE STANDARD

Forward Error Correction for

Real-Time Video/Audio

Transport Over IP Networks

SMPTE 2022-1-2007

Page 2 of 15 pages

Foreword

SMPTE (the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is an internationally-recognized standards

developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE has

members in over 80 countries on six continents. SMPTE’s Engineering Documents, including Standards,

Recommended Practices and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTE’s Technology Committees.

Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooperates

closely with other standards-developing organizations, including ISO, IEC and ITU.

SMPTE Engineering Documents are drafted in accordance with the rules given in Part XIII of its

Administrative Practices.

SMPTE 2022-1 was prepared by Technology Committee N26 on File Management and Networking

Techology.

Introduction

This section is entirely informative and does not form an integral part of this document.

IP-based networks have become increasingly important for delivery of compressed content as MPEG-2

Transport Streams. However, existing transport protocols do not fully meet the user requirements, especially

for a standardized forward error correction technique required for interoperability between different

manufacturers. This standard defines a forward error correction technique to be used to correct for errors

induced when video/audio payloads are transported over IP networks.

This document defines a structured mechanism for FEC. Nothing in this standard defines when this FEC

mechanism should be used. It is up to the implementer to determine whether FEC is required over the IP

network in use, and whether the mechanism presented here meets their application requirements.

This standard is intended for real-time audio/video applications such as contribution, distribution, and ”e-

cinema”. The applications addressed by this standard may employ any transport scheme that is supported by

the video/audio transport Standards. This standard defines two levels of FEC – Level A and Level B. Level A

uses one FEC stream and Level B uses two FEC streams.

SMPTE 2022-1-2007

Page 3 of 15 pages

1 Scope

This standard defines a forward error correction technique for the carriage of real-time Video/Audio content

over IP networks.

2 Conformance Notation

Normative text is text that describes elements of the design that are indispensable or contains the

conformance language keywords: "shall", "should", or "may". Informative text is text that is potentially helpful

to the user, but not indispensable, and can be removed, changed, or added editorially without affecting

interoperability. Informative text does not contain any conformance keywords.

All text in this document is, by default, normative, except: the Introduction, any section explicitly labeled as

"Informative" or individual paragraphs that start with "Note:”

The keywords "shall" and "shall not" indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the

document and from which no deviation is permitted.

The keywords, "should" and "should not" indicate that, among several possibilities, one is recommended as

particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others; or that a certain course of action is preferred but

not necessarily required; or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated

but not prohibited.

The keywords "may" and "need not" indicate courses of action permissible within the limits of the document.

The keyword “reserved” indicates a provision that is not defined at this time, shall not be used, and may be

defined in the future. The keyword “forbidden” indicates “reserved” and in addition indicates that the provision

will never be defined in the future.

3 Normative References

The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this

recommended practice. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject

to revision, and parties to agreements based on this recommended practice are encouraged to investigate the

possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standards indicated below.

IETF RFC 3550, RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications

IETF RFC 2733, An RTP Payload Format for Generic Forward Error Correction

IETF RFC 4340, Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP)

4 Acronyms (Informative)

ASI: Asynchronous Serial Interface

CSRC: Contributing Sources List

FEC: Forward Error Correction

IANA: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

IP: Internet Protocol

RTCP: Real Time Control Protocol

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