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Oracle数据库安装 for linux x86_64
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Oracle数据库安装 for linux x86_64。官方文档,基于Linux 64位的Oracle 11g R2安装
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Oracle® Database
Quick Installation Guide
11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux x86-64
E24326-09
September 2017
This guide describes how to quickly install Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) on
Linux x86-64 systems. It includes information about the following:
■ Reviewing Information About This Guide
■ Logging In to the System as root
■ Checking the Hardware Requirements
■ Checking the Software Requirements
■ Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users
■ Configuring Kernel Parameters and Resource Limits
■ Creating Required Directories
■ Configuring the oracle User’s Environment
■ Mounting the Product Disc
■ Installing Oracle Database
■ Installing Oracle Database Examples
■ What to Do Next?
■ Additional Information
■ Documentation Accessibility
1 Reviewing Information About This Guide
This guide describes how to install Oracle Database by using the default installation
options.
Tasks Described in This Guide
The procedures in this guide describe how to:
■ Configure your system to support Oracle Database
■ Install Oracle Database on a local file system by using the Typical Installation
option
■ Configure a general-purpose Oracle Database installation that uses the local file
system for database file storage
Results of a Successful Installation
After you successfully install Oracle Database:
2
■ The database that you created and the default Oracle Net listener process run on
the system.
■ Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control run on the system and can be
accessed by using a web browser.
Tasks Not Described in This Guide
This guide covers the Typical Installation scenario and does not describe how to
complete the following tasks:
■ Using the Advanced Installation option to install the software
■ Installing the software on a system that has an existing Oracle software installation
■ Installing Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters on a cluster
■ Enabling Enterprise Manager e-mail notifications or automated backups
■ Enabling core file creation
■ Verifying UDP and TCP kernel parameters
■ Using alternative storage options such as Oracle Automatic Storage Management
■ Installing and configuring Oracle Grid Infrastructure
Where to Get Additional Installation Information
For more information about installing Oracle Database, including information about
the tasks not described in this guide, refer to one of the following guides:
■ If you want to install the software on a single system, then refer to Oracle Database
Installation Guide for Linux.
■ If you want to install Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a standalone server, then refer
to the "Oracle Grid Infrastructure" chapter in Oracle Database Installation Guide for
Linux.
■ If you want to perform an Oracle Real Application Clusters installation, then refer
to Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Guide for Linux and Oracle Real Application
Clusters Installation Guide for Linux and UNIX. These guides describe how to install
Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters. Oracle Clusterware is a
prerequisite for Oracle Real Application Clusters installations.
All these guides are available on the product disc. To access them, use a web browser
to open the
welcome.htm
file located in the top-level directory of the media.
Platform-specific documentation is available in PDF and HTML formats in the
Documentation section..
2 Logging In to the System as root
Before you install the Oracle software, you must complete several tasks as the
root
user. To log in as the
root
user, complete one of the following procedures:
Note: You must install the software from an X Window System
workstation, an X terminal, or a PC or other system with X server
software installed
3
■ Following are the steps for installing the software from an X Window System
workstation or X terminal:
1. Start a local terminal session, for example, an X terminal (
xterm
).
2. If you are not installing the software on the local system, then enter the
following command to enable the remote host to display X applications on the
local X server:
$ xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name
For example:
$ xhost somehost.us.example.com
3. If you are not installing the software on the local system, then use the
ssh
,
rlogin
, or
telnet
command to connect to the system where you want to
install the software:
$ telnet fully_qualified_remote_host_name
4. If you are not logged in as the
root
user, then enter the following command to
switch user to
root
:
$ sudo sh
password:
#
■ Following are the steps for installing the software from a PC or other system with
X server software:
1. Start the X server software.
2. Configure the security settings of the X server software to permit remote hosts
to display X applications on the local system.
3. Connect to the remote system where you want to install the software and start
a terminal session on that system, for example, an X terminal (
xterm
).
4. If you are not logged in as the
root
user on the remote system, then enter the
following command to switch user to
root
:
$ sudo sh
password:
#
3 Checking the Hardware Requirements
The system must meet the following minimum hardware requirements:
■ Memory Requirements
■ System Architecture
■ Disk Space Requirements
Note: If necessary, refer to your X server documentation for more
information about completing this procedure. Depending on the X
server software that you are using, you may have to complete the tasks
in a different order.
4
3.1 Memory Requirements
The following are the memory requirements for installing Oracle Database 11g Release
2 (11.2):
■ Minimum: 1 GB of RAM
Recommended: 2 GB of RAM or more
To determine the RAM size, enter the following command:
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
If the size of the RAM is less than the required size, then you must install more
memory before continuing.
■ The following table describes the relationship between installed RAM and the
configured swap space recommendation:
■ To determine whether the system architecture can run the software, enter the
following command:
# uname -m
To determine the size of the configured swap space, enter the following command:
# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
If necessary, refer to the operating system documentation for information about how to
configure additional swap space.
To determine the available RAM and swap space, enter the following command:
# free
Note: On Linux, the HugePages feature allocates non-swappable
memory for large page tables using memory-mapped files. If you
enable HugePages, then you should deduct the memory allocated to
HugePages from the available RAM before calculating swap space.
Available RAM Swap Space Required
Between 1 GB and 2 GB 1.5 times the size of the RAM
Between 2 GB and 16 GB Equal to the size of the RAM
More than 16 GB 16 GB
Note: This command displays the processor type. Verify that the
processor architecture matches the Oracle software release to install. If
you do not see the expected output, then you cannot install the
software on this system.
5
Automatic Memory Management
Starting with Oracle Database 11g, the Automatic Memory Management feature
requires more shared memory (
/dev/shm)
and file descriptors. The shared memory
should be sized to be at least the greater of
MEMORY_MAX_TARGET
and
MEMORY_TARGET
for
each Oracle instance on that computer.
To determine the amount of shared memory available, enter the following command:
# df -h /dev/shm/
3.2 System Architecture
To determine whether the system architecture can run the software, enter the
following command:
# uname -m
3.3 Disk Space Requirements
The following are the disk space requirements for installing Oracle Database 11g
Release 2 (11.2):
■ At least 1 GB of disk space in the
/tmp
directory
To determine the amount of disk space available in the
/tmp
directory, enter the
following command:
# df -h /tmp
If there is less than 1 GB of free disk space available in the
/tmp
directory, then
complete one of the following steps:
■ Delete unnecessary files from the
/tmp
directory to meet the disk space
requirement.
Note:
■ Oracle recommends that you take multiple values for the available
RAM and swap space before finalizing a value. This is because the
available RAM and swap space keep changing depending on the
user interactions with the computer.
■ Contact your operating system vendor for swap space allocation
guidance for your server. The vendor guidelines supersede the
swap space requirements listed in this guide.
Note:
MEMORY_MAX_TARGET
and
MEMORY_TARGET
cannot be used when
LOCK_SGA
is enabled or with HugePages on Linux.
Note: This command displays the processor type. Verify that the
processor architecture matches the Oracle software release to install. If
you do not see the expected output, then you cannot install the
software on this system.
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