SUMO_User_Documentation

SUMO User Documentation

Introduction

TrafficSimulations

Traffic Simulation Classes

In traffic research, four classes of traffic flow models are distinguished according to the level of detail of the

simulation. In macroscopic models traffic flow is the basic entity. Microscopic models simulate the

movement of every single vehicle on the street, mostly assuming that the behaviour of the vehicle depends on

both, the vehicle's physical abilities to move and the driver's controlling behaviour (see

ChowdhurySantenSchadschneider2000). Within SUMO, the microscopic model developed by Stefan KrauÃ

simple microscopic simulations. However, sub-microscopic models require longer computation times. This

restrains the size of the networks to be simulated.

Figure: The different simulation granularities; from left to right: macroscopic, microscopic,

sub-microscopic (within the circle: mesoscopic)

Within a space-continuous simulation each vehicle has a certain position described by a floating-point

number. In contrast, space-discrete simulations are cellular automata. They divide streets into cells and

vehicles driving on the simulated streets "jump" from one cell to another.

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Introduction 1

Figure: The difference between a space-continuous (top) and a space-discrete (bottom) simulation

them. Solutions for this problem are known to traffic research as user assignment. For solving this, several

approaches are available and SUMO uses the dynamic user assignment (DUA) approach developed by

Christian Gawron (see Gawron1998_1).

SumoAtAGlance

SUMO at a Glance

The development of "Simulation of Urban MObility", or "SUMO" for short, started in the year 2000. The

major reason for the development of an open source, microscopic road traffic simulation was to support the

traffic research community with a tool into which own algorithms can be implemented and evaluated with,

without the need to regard all the artifacts needed to obtain a complete traffic simulation, such as

implementing and/or setting up methods for dealing with road networks, demand, and traffic controls. By

surveillance using GSM networks.

Since 2002, SUMO is also in use at other institutions. Here, the major interest seems to be the evaluation of

vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. Two major third-party projects should be

mentioned in this context, the first, TraCI, is an extension of SUMO by the possibility to communicate with

external applications, done at the University of Lübeck by Axel Wegener. The second project with a high

impact is "TraNS", a direct coupling between SUMO and the network simulator ns2 which uses TraCI for

communication and that was set up by Michal Piorkowski and Maxim Raya at the EPFL Lausanne.

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Traffic Simulation Classes 2

Features

Complete workflow (network and routes import, DUA, simulation)•

Simulation

Manages networks with several 10.000 edges (streets)♦

Fast execution speed (up to 100.000 vehicle updates/s on a 1GHz machine)♦

Interoperability with other application on run time using TraCI♦

Network-wide, edge-based, vehicle-based, and detector-based outputs♦

•

Network

Many network formats (VISUM, Vissim, Shapefiles, OSM, Tiger, RoboCup,

XML-Descriptions) may be imported

♦

Missing values are determined via heuristics♦

•

Routing

Microscopic routes - each vehicle has an own one♦

•

SUMO is not only the name of the simulation application, but also the name of the complete software package

which includes several applications needed for preparing the simulation. The package includes:

Application Name Short Description

SUMO The microscopic simulation with no visualization; command line application

GUISIM The microscopic simulation with a graphical user interface

NETCONVERT

Network importer and generator; reads road networks from different formats and

converts them into the SUMO-format

NETGEN Generates abstract networks for the SUMO-simulation

DUAROUTER

Imports points of interest and polygons from different formats and translates them into a

description that may be visualized by GUISIM

AdditionalTools

There are some tasks for which writing a large application is not necessary. Several

solutions for different problems may be covered by these tools.

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Features 3

SoftwareDesignCriteria

Software design criteria

Two major design goals are approached: the software shall be fast and it shall be portable. Due to this, the

very first versions were developed to be run from the command line only - no graphical interface was supplied

of faster data structures, each adjusted to the current purpose, instead of using complicated and ballast-loaded

ones. Still, this makes the usage of SUMO a little bit uncomfortable in comparison to other simulation

packages. As there are still other things to do, we are not thinking of a redesign towards an integrated

approach by now.

Basic Usage

Notation

The documentation within this wiki uses coloring to differ between different type of information. Below, the

meaning of colors is described.

Command Line

If you encounter something like this:

Application Options

Command line option names are normally coloured this way. Their values <LIKE THIS>.

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Basic Usage 4

XML Examples

XML-elements and attributes are shown are coloured like this. Their values, if variable, <LIKE THIS>.

<myType>

<myElem myAttr1="0" myAttr2="0.0"/>

<myElem myAttr1="1" myAttr2="-500.0"/>

<myType>

Further Schemes

Brackets '[' and ']' indicate that the enclosed information is optional. Brackets '<' and '>' indicate a variable -

insert your own value in here.

<FLOAT>: a floating point number•

<STRING>: any string, but use ASCII-characters only•

<ID>: a string which must not contain the following characters: '#'•

Caution:

The list of not allowed characters is incomplete

<FILE> or <FILENAME>: the (relative or absolute) path to a file; see also #Referenced File Types•

<PATH>: a (a relative or absolute) path (mainly to a folder)•

<COLOR>: a triple of floats separated by ',' (<FLOAT>,<FLOAT>,<FLOAT>), which describe the

red, green, and blue component, respectively

•

<2D-POSITION>: two floats separated by ',' (<FLOAT>,<FLOAT>), which describe the x- and the

•

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XML Examples 5