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Windows Platform Design Notes
Designing Hardware for the Microsoft Windows Family of Operating Systems
Keyboard Scan Code Specification
Abstract: This specification details the PS/2 Scan Codes and USB Usage Tables that are validated for
compliance to the Microsoft® Windows® Logo Program testing standard. This document details the
alternative make and break PS/2 scan code and USB code response for the Windows Logo Key and
Application Keys, plus Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) power controls.
This specification was previous published, with the same content, as “Windows Hardware Quality Labs
Keyboard Specification” and also referred to as “Windows Keys Specification” and “New Keys
Specification.”
Revision 1.3a — March 16, 2000
Disclaimer:
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Keyboard Scan Code Specification — 2
Contents
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Keyboard Scan Code Specification — 3
Notice of Change
This version of the Keyboard Scan Code Specification details the PS/2 Scan Codes and USB Usage
Tables that are validated for compliance to the Microsoft Windows Logo Program testing standard.
This document details the alternative make and break PS/2 scan code and USB code response for
the Windows Logo key, Application Keys, and Advanced Configuration & Power Interface (ACPI)
power controls.
/
This document supercedes all versions of the New Keys Specifications for the Windows Keys and
Windows Hardware Quality Labs WHQL Keyboard Specification. There is no change required for
developers of Windows-based applications to support any compatible implementation.
***IMPORTANT ***
As of August 1, 1996, your keyboard must pass the Windows keyboard testing at the
Windows Hardware Quality Labs either prior to, or in conjunction with, the Windows Key
Logo testing.
The requirements for compatibility testing are not changed, and a keyboard vendor can implement
these new keys successfully following the 1.0, 1.1, or 1.2 versions of the New Keys Specification.
There is no change required for developers of Windows-based applications to support any compatible
implementation.
Revision History
Revision Date Comments
1.3a 3/16/00 Adjusted title and related references
1.3 2/23/99 Apps key removed as modifier, Hid audio control usages added
1.2 6/25/98 ACPI Codes corrected.
1.1 5/1/98 Scan Code Set 3 requirement removed.
1.0 3/27/98 Initial proposal for consideration.
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Keyboard Scan Code Specification — 4
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The three Windows Keys report the following key codes in the Microsoft Windows 95, Windows 98,
and Windows NT® operating systems, and future versions of Windows operating systems.
$!!7=
Windows Key Make Break Windows Virtual Key
Left Windows E0 5B E0 DB 5B
Right Windows E0 5C E0 DC 5C
Application E0 5D E0 DD 5D
$!!3=
Windows Key Make Break Windows Virtual Key
Left Windows E0 1F E0 F0 1F 5B
Right Windows E0 27 E0 F0 27 5C
Application E0 2F E0 F0 2F 5D
$-!-=
Windows Key Usage Page Usage Index
(Dec)
Usage Index
(Hex)
Typical AT-101
position
Left Windows 0x07 227 E3 127
Right Windows 0x07 231 E7 128
Application 0x07 101 65 129
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To provide support for the Windows Keys, an application should support the application key virtual
key scan code (5D) as a context menu event similar to a right mouse button click in some
applications today.
Applications vendors are encouraged to extend their support beyond the application key to include
support for application key combinations like CTRL+Application, ALT+Application and
SHIFT+Application. These key combinations are reserved for applications to support. Support for
Windows+Application is reserved for the operating system.
Application Key Combinations Recommended Support
CTRL + Application Key unspecified, application specific
ALT + Application Key unspecified, application specific
SHIFT + Application Key unspecified, application specific
Windows + Application Key
Application Key + <alpha numeric keys> not supported as a modifier key, support
must be supplied by application
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Keyboard Scan Code Specification — 5
!!#$
Context menu at the location of the text cursor (instead of the mouse pointer)
Launch automated help agent
Pop up list of last 5 actions (or list of commonly accessed functions)
Enable/Disable macro recording or other user controllable features
Switch to next open window in a multiple document
User assignable key through an application UI
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The application key will primarily function to bring up a context menu at the selection or mouse
pointer. This functionality is the same as the right mouse button click in some applications today.
Application Key Response Supported by the Operating System
Operating System
Windows 3.x
no response
1
Windows NT 3.5x
no response
1
Windows NT 4.0 context menu on selection
Windows NT 4.0 context menu on selection
Windows 95 context menu on selection
Windows 98 context menu on selection
1
Windows still reports a 5D virtual key code which means that applications can enable functionality
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+
The Windows Logo key and the Application Logo key may be used by OEMs, ISVs and IHVs in
documentation that describes the functionality of the Logo keys, provided such description is
consistent with Microsoft’s guidelines for use of the Logo keys.
• It is not necessary to obtain a Logo license from Microsoft in order to refer to the Logo keys in
documentation. This is the only permissible non-licensed use of the Windows Logo.
• The Logos may not be used in any way other than as specified in the Logo license guidelines.
• Upon request, Microsoft will provide camera-ready artwork of the Logos to be used in
documentation. Send your e-mail request to Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Labs at
whqlinfo@microsoft.com with “Artwork Request” in your subject line. Alternatively, you may use
the Windows flag symbol provided in the “Wingdings®” font. This character is available by
pressing ALT + 0255 on the numeric keypad.
• You may not alter the Logos in any way.
• The Logos should be typed with an empty space before and after each symbol, followed by a plus
sign and another space, followed by the modifier if appropriate. Examples are shown:
Windows Logo key + B or ÿ + B
Application key + S or + + S
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The Windows Logo keys are reserved for system level functions. Software developers should not implement
support for the Windows Logo keys in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows NT-based applications. The
Windows Logo keys are supported in the operating system and provide system level functionality to the end
user. The following table lists a few of the Windows Logo key combinations and their functionality. This list
is not exhaustive and additional combinations will be used by the Microsoft Windows 95, Windows 98, or
Windows NT operating systems.
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