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2008-07-03 IEEE 802.16m-08/004r2
1
Project
IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group
<http://ieee802.org/16>
Title
IEEE 802.16m Evaluation Methodology Document (EMD)
Date
Submitted
2008-07-03
Source(s)
Editor: Roshni Srinivasan, Intel Corporation
Jeff Zhuang, Motorola (Section 3)
Louay Jalloul, Beceem Communications (Section 4)
Robert Novak, Nortel Networks (Section 5,6,7,8)
Jeongho Park, Samsung Electronics (Section 10)
roshni.m.srinivasan@intel.com
jeff.zhuang@motorola.com
jalloul@beceem.com
rnovak@nortel.com
jeongho.jh.park@samsung.com
Re: Evaluation Methodology for P802.16m-Advanced Air Interface
Abstract
This document is the approved baseline 802.16m Evaluation Methodology. As
directed by TGm, this document is a revision to IEEE 802.16m-08/004 according
to the comment resolution conducted by TGm in Session #54.
Purpose Updated evaluation methodology for the P802.16m draft.
Notice
This document does not represent the agreed views of the IEEE 802.16 Working Group or any of
its subgroups. It represents only the views of the participants listed in the “Source(s)” field above.
It is offered as a basis for discussion. It is not binding on the contributor(s), who reserve(s) the right
to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release
The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in
this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication;
to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include
portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in
whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and
accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.16.
Patent
Policy
The contributor is familiar with the IEEE-SA Patent Policy and Procedures:
<http://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sect6-7.html#6
> and
<http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3
>.
Further information is located at <http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/pat-material.html
> and
<http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat
>.
2008-07-03 IEEE 802.16m-08/004r2
2
Table of Contents 1
2
1. Introduction.........................................................................................................................................18 3
2. System Simulation Requirements ...................................................................................................... 19 4
2.1. Antenna Characteristics................................................................................................................. 19 5
2.1.1. BS Antenna................................................................................................................................19 6
2.1.1.1. BS Antenna Pattern ................................................................................................................ 19 7
2.1.1.2. BS Antenna Orientation .......................................................................................................... 20 8
2.1.2. MS Antenna ...............................................................................................................................20 9
2.2. Simulation Assumptions.................................................................................................................21 10
2.3. Test Scenarios ...............................................................................................................................24 11
2.4. Reference System Calibration ....................................................................................................... 26 12
2.4.1. Base Station Model.................................................................................................................... 26 13
2.4.2. Mobile Station Model ................................................................................................................. 26 14
2.4.3. OFDMA Parameters .................................................................................................................. 27 15
3. Channel Models..................................................................................................................................28 16
3.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................28 17
3.1.1. General Considerations (Informative)........................................................................................ 28 18
3.1.2. Overview of Channel Modeling Methodology (Informative)....................................................... 29 19
3.1.3. Calibration Model (Informative) .................................................................................................31 20
3.1.4. System Level Channel Modeling Considerations (Informative)................................................. 31 21
3.2. System Level Channel Model ........................................................................................................ 33 22
3.2.1. Spatial Channel Modeling.......................................................................................................... 33 23
3.2.2. Radio Environment and Propagation Scenarios ....................................................................... 35 24
3.2.3. Path Loss................................................................................................................................... 36 25
3.2.3.1. Urban Macrocell (Optional) .................................................................................................... 36 26
3.2.3.2. Suburban Macrocell (Optional)...............................................................................................37 27
3.2.3.3. Urban Microcell (Optional)...................................................................................................... 37 28
3.2.3.4. Indoor Small Office (Optional) ................................................................................................ 38 29
3.2.3.5. Indoor Hot Spot (Optional) .....................................................................................................39 30
3.2.3.6. Outdoor to Indoor (Optional) ..................................................................................................39 31
3.2.3.7. Open Rural Macrocell (Optional)............................................................................................39 32
3.2.3.8. Path Loss Model for Baseline Test Scenario (Mandatory).....................................................40 33
3.2.4. Shadowing Factor......................................................................................................................40 34
3.2.5. Cluster-Delay-Line Models ........................................................................................................ 42 35
3.2.5.1. Urban Macrocell (Optional) .................................................................................................... 44 36
3.2.5.2. Suburban Macrocell (Optional)...............................................................................................45 37
3.2.5.3. Urban Microcell (Optional)...................................................................................................... 46 38
3.2.5.4. Indoor Small Office (Optional) ................................................................................................ 47 39
3.2.5.5. Indoor Hotspot (Optional) .......................................................................................................47 40
3.2.5.6. Outdoor to Indoor (Optional) ..................................................................................................49 41
3.2.5.7. Rural Macrocell (Optional)...................................................................................................... 49 42
3.2.6. Channel Type and Velocity Mix .................................................................................................50 43
3.2.7. Doppler Spectrum for Stationary Users.....................................................................................50 44
3.2.8. Generation of Spatial Channels................................................................................................. 50 45
3.2.9. Channel Model for Baseline Test Scenario (Mandatory)........................................................... 55 46
3.3. Link Level Channel Model.............................................................................................................. 57 47
4. Link-to-System Mapping..................................................................................................................... 58 48
4.1. Background of PHY Abstraction .................................................................................................... 58 49
4.2. Dynamic PHY Abstraction Methodology........................................................................................58 50
4.3. Mutual Information Based Effective SINR Mapping....................................................................... 60 51
4.3.1. Received Bit Mutual Information Rate (RBIR) ESM (Mandatory)..............................................61 52
4.3.1.1. RBIR Mapping for a SISO/SIMO System...............................................................................61 53
4.3.1.2. RBIR Mapping for a Linear MIMO Receiver........................................................................... 63 54
4.3.1.3. RBIR Mapping for the Maximum-Likelihood (ML) MIMO Receiver ........................................ 63 55
2008-07-03 IEEE 802.16m-08/004r2
3
4.3.2. Mean Mutual Information per Bit (MMIB) ESM..........................................................................67 1
4.3.2.1. MIB Mapping for SISO Systems............................................................................................. 68 2
4.3.2.2. MIMO Receiver Abstraction ...................................................................................................72 3
4.3.2.3. MIMO ML Receiver Abstraction..............................................................................................73 4
4.3.3. Exponential ESM (EESM).......................................................................................................... 74 5
4.4. Per-tone SINR Computation .......................................................................................................... 75 6
4.4.1. Per-tone Post Processing SINR for SISO .................................................................................75 7
4.4.2. Per-tone Post Processing SINR for SIMO with MRC ................................................................75 8
4.4.3. Per-tone Post Processing SINR for MIMO STBC with MRC.....................................................76 9
4.4.4. Per-Tone Post Processing SINR Calculation for Spatial Multiplexing....................................... 78 10
4.4.5. Interference Aware PHY Abstraction......................................................................................... 79 11
4.4.6. Practical Transmitter/Receiver Impairments..............................................................................79 12
4.4.7. Channel Estimation Errors.........................................................................................................79 13
4.4.7.1. SISO Channel Estimation Error Modeling.............................................................................. 79 14
4.4.7.2. SIMO Channel Estimation Error Modeling ............................................................................. 80 15
4.4.7.3. 2x2 MIMO Channel Estimation Error Modeling...................................................................... 81 16
4.4.8. Interference Unaware Modeling ................................................................................................ 82 17
4.4.9. Error Vector Magnitude..............................................................................................................83 18
4.5. Deriving Packet Error Rate from Block Error Rate ........................................................................84 19
4.6. PHY Abstraction for H-ARQ........................................................................................................... 84 20
4.6.1. Baseline Modeling for HARQ..................................................................................................... 84 21
4.6.2. Chase Combining ...................................................................................................................... 84 22
4.6.3. Incremental Redundancy (IR).................................................................................................... 85 23
4.7. PHY Abstraction for Repetition Coding.......................................................................................... 87 24
5. Link Adaptation................................................................................................................................... 87 25
5.1. Adaptive Modulation and Coding ................................................................................................... 87 26
5.1.1. Link Adaptation with HARQ ....................................................................................................... 87 27
5.2. Channel Quality Feedback............................................................................................................. 88 28
5.2.1. Channel Quality Feedback Delay and Availability .....................................................................88 29
5.2.2. Channel Quality Feedback Error ............................................................................................... 88 30
6. HARQ .................................................................................................................................................88 31
6.1. HARQ Acknowledgement ..............................................................................................................89 32
7. Scheduling.......................................................................................................................................... 89 33
7.1. DL Scheduler ................................................................................................................................. 90 34
7.2. UL Scheduler ................................................................................................................................. 90 35
8. Handover ............................................................................................................................................90 36
8.1. System Simulation with Mobility..................................................................................................... 90 37
8.1.1. Single Moving MS Model ........................................................................................................... 91 38
8.1.1.1. Trajectories............................................................................................................................. 91 39
8.1.1.1.1. Trajectory 1 ......................................................................................................................... 91 40
8.1.1.1.2. Trajectory 2 ......................................................................................................................... 91 41
8.1.1.1.3. Trajectory 3 ......................................................................................................................... 92 42
8.1.1.2. 10 Cell Topology..................................................................................................................... 93 43
8.1.1.3. Handover Evaluation Procedure ............................................................................................ 93 44
8.1.2. Multiple Moving MS Model......................................................................................................... 94 45
8.1.2.1. Trajectories............................................................................................................................. 94 46
8.1.2.2. 19 Cell Topology..................................................................................................................... 95 47
8.1.2.3. Handover Evaluation Procedure ............................................................................................ 95 48
8.2. Handover Performance Metrics ..................................................................................................... 95 49
8.2.1. Radio Layer Latency.................................................................................................................. 96 50
8.2.2. Network Entry and Connection Setup Time .............................................................................. 96 51
8.2.3. Handover Interruption Time.......................................................................................................96 52
8.2.4. Data Loss...................................................................................................................................97 53
8.2.5. Handover Failure Rate............................................................................................................... 97 54
9. Power Management (Informative)......................................................................................................97 55
9.1. Formulation for IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition Latency........................................................ 97 56
2008-07-03 IEEE 802.16m-08/004r2
4
9.1.1. Device-initiated IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition ................................................................98 1
9.1.2. Network-initiated IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition ..............................................................98 2
9.1.3. IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition Latency............................................................................. 98 3
9.2. Procedure for Evaluation of IDLE to ACTIVE_STATE Transition Latency .................................... 98 4
10. Traffic Models.................................................................................................................................99 5
10.1. Web Browsing (HTTP) Traffic Model ...........................................................................................100 6
10.1.1. HTTP and TCP Interactions for DL HTTP Traffic ....................................................................103 7
10.1.2. HTTP and TCP Interactions for UL HTTP Traffic ....................................................................103 8
10.2. File Transfer Protocol Model........................................................................................................ 103 9
10.3. Speech Source Model (VoIP) ......................................................................................................105 10
10.3.1. Basic Voice Model ................................................................................................................... 105 11
10.3.2. VoIP Traffic Model Parameters ...............................................................................................108 12
10.4. Near Real Time Video Streaming Model .....................................................................................109 13
10.5. Video Telephony Model ............................................................................................................... 111 14
10.6. Gaming Traffic Model................................................................................................................... 112 15
10.7. Email Traffic Model ......................................................................................................................113 16
10.8. Traffic Mixes.................................................................................................................................115 17
11. Simulation Procedure and Flow ................................................................................................... 116 18
12. Interference Modeling ..................................................................................................................117 19
13. Performance Metrics....................................................................................................................118 20
13.1. Introduction ...............................................................................................................................118 21
13.1.1. Single User Performance Metrics..........................................................................................118 22
13.1.1.1. Link Budget and Coverage Range (Noise Limited) - Single-Cell Consideration .............. 118 23
13.1.1.2. SINR Coverage – Interference Limited Multi-cell Consideration ......................................121 24
13.1.1.3. Data Rate Coverage – Interference Limited Multi-cell Consideration............................... 121 25
13.1.2. Multi-User Performance Metrics............................................................................................121 26
13.2. Definitions of Performance Metrics...........................................................................................122 27
13.2.1. Throughput Performance Metrics.......................................................................................... 122 28
13.2.1.1. Average Data Throughput for User u................................................................................123 29
13.2.1.2. Average Per-User Data Throughput ................................................................................. 123 30
13.2.1.3. Sector Data Throughput.................................................................................................... 123 31
13.2.1.4. Average Packet Call Throughput for User u ..................................................................... 123 32
13.2.1.5. Average Per-User Packet Call Throughput....................................................................... 124 33
13.2.1.6. The Histogram of Users’ Average Packet Call Throughput ..............................................124 34
13.2.1.7. Throughput Outage ........................................................................................................... 124 35
13.2.1.8. Cell Edge User Throughput............................................................................................... 124 36
13.2.2. Performance Metrics for Delay Sensitive Applications.......................................................... 124 37
13.2.2.1. Packet Delay ..................................................................................................................... 124 38
13.2.2.2. The CDF of Packet Delay per User...................................................................................125 39
13.2.2.3. X%-tile Packet delay per User ..........................................................................................125 40
13.2.2.4. The CDF of X%-tile Packet Delays ................................................................................... 125 41
13.2.2.5. The Y%-tile of X%-tile Packet Delays ...............................................................................125 42
13.2.2.6. User Average Packet Delay ..............................................................................................125 43
13.2.2.7. CDF of Users’ Average Packet Delay............................................................................... 125 44
13.2.2.8. Packet Loss Ratio .............................................................................................................125 45
13.2.3. System Level Metrics for Unicast Transmission....................................................................126 46
13.2.3.1. System Data Throughput .................................................................................................. 126 47
13.2.3.2. Spectral Efficiency............................................................................................................. 126 48
13.2.3.3. CDF of SINR .....................................................................................................................126 49
13.2.3.4. Histogram of MCS.............................................................................................................126 50
13.2.3.5. Application Capacity.......................................................................................................... 127 51
13.2.3.6. System Outage.................................................................................................................. 127 52
13.2.3.7. Coverage and Capacity Trade-off Plot..............................................................................127 53
13.2.4. System Level Metrics for Multicast Broadcast Service .........................................................127 54
13.2.4.1. Maximum MBS Data Rate................................................................................................. 127 55
13.2.4.2. Coverage versus Data Rate Trade-off .............................................................................. 127 56
2008-07-03 IEEE 802.16m-08/004r2
5
13.2.4.3. Impact of Multicast/Broadcast Resource Size on Unicast Throughput.............................127 1
13.3. Fairness Criteria........................................................................................................................ 127 2
13.3.1. Moderately Fair Solution........................................................................................................ 128 3
13.3.2. Short Term Fairness Indication ............................................................................................. 128 4
14. Template for Reporting Results ................................................................................................... 129 5
Appendix A: Spatial Correlation Calculation .............................................................................................130 6
Appendix B: Polarized Antenna ................................................................................................................ 132 7
Appendix C: LOS Option with a K-factor................................................................................................... 134 8
Appendix D: Antenna Gain Imbalance and Coupling ..............................................................................135 9
Appendix E: WINNER Primary Model Description................................................................................... 136 10
Appendix F: Generic Proportionally Fair Scheduler for OFDMA ..............................................................138 11
Appendix G: 19 Cell Wrap Around Implementation .................................................................................. 140 12
G-1. Multi-Cell Layout ..........................................................................................................................140 13
G-2. Obtaining virtual MS locations .....................................................................................................141 14
G-3. Determination of serving cell/sector for each MS in a wrap-around multi-cell network ............... 141 15
Appendix H: Path Loss Calculations........................................................................................................143 16
Appendix I: Modeling Control Overhead and Signalling (Informative)......................................................145 17
I-1. Overhead Channels .....................................................................................................................145 18
I-1.1. Dynamic Simulation of the Downlink Overhead Channels .......................................................... 145 19
I-1.2. Uplink Modeling in Downlink System Simulation ......................................................................... 146 20
I-1.3. Signaling Errors............................................................................................................................ 146 21
Appendix J: Optional Test Scenarios (Informative) ..................................................................................147 22
Appendix K: Transmit Power and EVM..................................................................................................... 149 23
Appendix L: TCP Modeling (Informative) ..................................................................................................151 24
L-1. TCP Session Establishment and Release ................................................................................... 151 25
L-2. TCP Slow Start Modeling ............................................................................................................. 152 26
Appendix M: Trace Based Model for Streaming Video (Informative) ....................................................... 155 27
Appendix N: FCC Spectral Mask (Informative) ......................................................................................... 157 28
Appendix O: Per-tone Post Processing SINR for MISO and MIMO with Cyclic Delay Diversity 29
(Informative) .............................................................................................................................................. 158 30
Appendix P: Updated HTTP Traffic Model (Informative) ..........................................................................159 31
Appendix Q: Derivations and Details for RBIR Metric (Informative) .........................................................161 32
Q-1. Derivation of the AVE and VAR for RBIR .....................................................................................161 33
Q-2. Search for the Optimal ‘a’ Value................................................................................................... 161 34
Q-3. Search for the Optimal Values of p
1
and p
2
..................................................................................162 35
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