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Rancher 2.0 架构设计
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更新于2023-03-16
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详细讲述了Rancher2.0的技术架构,包括1.0的对比,kubernetes的发展形势,以及Rancher的顺应趋势做出的调整
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1
Rancher 2.0:
Technical Architecture
May 2, 2018
2
Contents
Background .................................................................................................................................................... 3
Kubernetes is Everywhere ............................................................................................................................. 3
Rancher 2.0: Built on Kubernetes .................................................................................................................. 3
Rancher Kubernetes Engine (RKE) ............................................................................................................. 4
Unified Cluster Management .................................................................................................................... 4
Application Workload Management ......................................................................................................... 4
High-level Architecture .................................................................................................................................. 5
Rancher Server Components ......................................................................................................................... 6
Rancher API Server .................................................................................................................................... 6
Cluster Controller and Agents ................................................................................................................... 6
Authentication Proxy ................................................................................................................................. 6
Rancher API Server ........................................................................................................................................ 6
Authentication and Authorization ................................................................................................................. 7
User and group management .................................................................................................................... 8
Projects ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
Role management ...................................................................................................................................... 8
Authentication provider integration ......................................................................................................... 8
Cross-cluster management ........................................................................................................................ 8
Upgrade ......................................................................................................................................................... 9
High Availability ............................................................................................................................................. 9
Scalability ....................................................................................................................................................... 9
Scalability of Kubernetes Clusters ............................................................................................................. 9
Scalability of Rancher Server ..................................................................................................................... 9
Appendix A: How Rancher API v3/Cluster objects are implemented ........................................................... 9
Step 1. Define the object and generate the schema/controller interfaces .............................................. 9
Step 2: Add custom logic to API validation .............................................................................................. 10
Step 3: Define object management logic using custom controller ......................................................... 10
3.1 Object lifecycle management ........................................................................................................ 10
3.2 Generic controller .......................................................................................................................... 11
3.3 Object conditions management .................................................................................................... 11
3
Background
We developed the Rancher container management platform to address the need to manage containers
in production. Container technologies are developing quickly and, as a result, the Rancher architecture
continues to evolve.
When Rancher 1.0 shipped in early 2016, it included an easy-to-use container orchestration framework
called Cattle. It also supported a variety of industry-standard container orchestrators, including Swarm,
Mesos, and Kubernetes. Early Rancher users loved the idea of adopting a management platform that
gave them the choice of container orchestration frameworks.
In the last year, however, the growth of Kubernetes has far outpaced other orchestrators. Rancher users
are increasingly demanding better user experience and more functionality on top of Kubernetes. We
have, therefore, decided to re-architect Rancher 2.0 to focus solely on Kubernetes technology.
Kubernetes is Everywhere
When we started to build Kubernetes support into Rancher in 2015, the biggest challenge we faced was
how to install and set up Kubernetes clusters. Off-the-shelf Kubernetes scripts and tools were difficult to
use and unreliable. Rancher made it easy to set up a Kubernetes cluster with a click of a button. Better
yet, Rancher enabled you to set up Kubernetes clusters on any infrastructure, including public cloud,
vSphere clusters, and bare metal servers. As a result, Rancher quickly became one of the most popular
ways to launch Kubernetes clusters.
In early 2016, numerous off-the-shelf and third-party installers for Kubernetes became available. The
challenge was no longer how to install and configure Kubernetes, but how to operate and upgrade
Kubernetes clusters on an on-going basis. Rancher made it easy to operate and upgrade Kubernetes
clusters and its associated etcd database.
By the end of 2016, we started to notice that the value of Kubernetes operations software was rapidly
diminishing. Two factors contributed to this trend. First, open-source tools, such as Kubernetes
Operations (kops), have reached a level of maturity that made it easy for many organizations to operate
Kubernetes on AWS. Second, Kubernetes-as-a-service started to gain popularity. A Google Cloud user,
for example, no longer needed to set up and operate their own clusters. They could use Google
Container Engine (GKE) instead.
The popularity of Kubernetes continues to grow in 2017. The momentum is not slowing. Amazon Web
Services (AWS) announced Elastic Container Service for Kubernetes (EKS) in November 2017.
Kubernetes-as-a-service is available from all major cloud providers. Unless they use VMware clusters
and bare metal servers, DevOps teams will no longer need to operate Kubernetes clusters themselves.
The only remaining challenge will be how to manage and utilize Kubernetes clusters, which are available
everywhere.
Rancher 2.0: Built on Kubernetes
Rancher 2.0 is a complete container management platform built on Kubernetes. As illustrated in Figure
1, Rancher 2.0 contains three major components.
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