没有合适的资源?快使用搜索试试~ 我知道了~
首页OGC_City_Geography_Markup_Language_CityGML_Encoding_Standard.pdf
OGC_City_Geography_Markup_Language_CityGML_Encoding_Standard.pdf

City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) En-coding Standard an OGC Member approved international standard
资源详情
资源评论
资源推荐

Open Geospatial Consortium
Approval Date: 2012-03-09
Publication Date: 2012-04-04
External identifier of this OGC
®
document: http://www.opengis.net/spec/citygml/2.0
Reference number of this OGC
®
project document: OGC 12-019
Version: 2.0.0
Category: OpenGIS
®
Encoding Standard
Editors: Gerhard Gröger, Thomas H. Kolbe, Claus Nagel, Karl-Heinz Häfele
OGC City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) En-
coding Standard
Copyright © 2012 Open Geospatial Consortium.
To obtain additional rights of use, visit http://www.opengeospatial.org/legal/.
This document is an OGC Member approved international standard. This document is
available on a royalty free, non-discriminatory basis. Recipients of this document are
invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Document type: OpenGIS
®
Encoding Standard
Document subtype: Encoding
Document stage: Approved for public release
Document language: English

ii
Copyright © 2012 Open Geospatial Consortium.
License Agreement
Permission is hereby granted by the Open Geospatial Consortium, ("Licensor"), free of charge and subject to the terms set forth below, to
any person obtaining a copy of this Intellectual Property and any associated documentation, to deal in the Intellectual Property without
restriction (except as set forth below), including without limitation the rights to implement, use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute,
and/or sublicense copies of the Intellectual Property, and to permit persons to whom the Intellectual Property is furnished to do so, provided
that all copyright notices on the intellectual property are retained intact and that each person to whom the Intellectual Property is furnished
agrees to the terms of this Agreement.
If you modify the Intellectual Property, all copies of the modified Intellectual Property must include, in addition to the above copyright
notice, a notice that the Intellectual Property includes modifications that have not been approved or adopted by LICENSOR.
THIS LICENSE IS A COPYRIGHT LICENSE ONLY, AND DOES NOT CONVEY ANY RIGHTS UNDER ANY PATENTS THAT
MAY BE IN FORCE ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD.
THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE,
AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR HOLDERS INCLUDED IN THIS NOTICE
DO NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY WILL MEET YOUR
REQUIREMENTS OR THAT THE OPERATION OF THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR
FREE. ANY USE OF THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SHALL BE MADE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S OWN RISK. IN NO
EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR ANY CONTRIBUTOR OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS TO THE
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, OR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM ANY ALLEGED INFRINGEMENT OR ANY LOSS OF USE,
DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR UNDER ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY,
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION, USE, COMMERCIALIZATION OR PERFORMANCE OF
THIS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY.
This license is effective until terminated. You may terminate it at any time by destroying the Intellectual Property together with all copies in
any form. The license will also terminate if you fail to comply with any term or condition of this Agreement. Except as provided in the
following sentence, no such termination of this license shall require the termination of any third party end-user sublicense to the Intellectual
Property which is in force as of the date of notice of such termination. In addition, should the Intellectual Property, or the operation of the
Intellectual Property, infringe, or in LICENSOR’s sole opinion be likely to infringe, any patent, copyright, trademark or other right of a third
party, you agree that LICENSOR, in its sole discretion, may terminate this license without any compensation or liability to you, your
licensees or any other party. You agree upon termination of any kind to destroy or cause to be destroyed the Intellectual Property together
with all copies in any form, whether held by you or by any third party.
Except as contained in this notice, the name of LICENSOR or of any other holder of a copyright in all or part of the Intellectual Property
shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in this Intellectual Property without prior written
authorization of LICENSOR or such copyright holder. LICENSOR is and shall at all times be the sole entity that may authorize you or any
third party to use certification marks, trademarks or other special designations to indicate compliance with any LICENSOR standards or
specifications.
This Agreement is governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The application to this Agreement of the United Nations
Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is hereby expressly excluded. In the event any provision of this Agreement shall
be deemed unenforceable, void or invalid, such provision shall be modified so as to make it valid and enforceable, and as so modified the
entire Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. No decision, action or inaction by LICENSOR shall be construed to be a waiver of any
rights or remedies available to it.
None of the Intellectual Property or underlying information or technology may be downloaded or otherwise exported or reexported in
violation of U.S. export laws and regulations. In addition, you are responsible for complying with any local laws in your jurisdiction which
may impact your right to import, export or use the Intellectual Property, and you represent that you have complied with any regulations or
registration procedures required by applicable law to make this license enforceable

OGC 12-019
Copyright © 2012 Open Geospatial Consortium.
iii
Contents
i. Abstract ..................................................................................................................... ix
ii. Preface and Acknowledgements ............................................................................. ix
iii. Submitting organizations ......................................................................................... ix
iv. Submission contact points ........................................................................................ x
v. Participants in development ..................................................................................... x
vi. Changes to the OGC
®
Abstract Specification ....................................................... xi
vii. Acknowledgments .................................................................................................... xi
Foreword ............................................................................................................................ xii
0 Introduction ............................................................................................................ xiv
0.1 Motivation ..................................................................................................... xiv
0.2 Historical background ................................................................................... xiv
0.3 Additions in CityGML 2.0 ............................................................................ xv
1 Scope ........................................................................................................................... 1
2 Conformance ............................................................................................................. 2
3 Normative references ................................................................................................ 2
4 Conventions ............................................................................................................... 3
4.1 Abbreviated terms ............................................................................................ 3
4.2 UML Notation .................................................................................................. 4
4.3 XML namespaces and namespace prefixes ..................................................... 6
4.4 XML-Schema ................................................................................................... 7
5 Overview of CityGML .............................................................................................. 9
6 General characteristics of CityGML ..................................................................... 11
6.1 Modularisation ............................................................................................... 11
6.2 Multi-scale modelling (5 levels of detail, LOD) ............................................ 11
6.3 Coherent semantical-geometrical modelling ................................................. 12
6.4 Closure surfaces ............................................................................................. 12
6.5 Terrain Intersection Curve (TIC) ................................................................... 13
6.6 Code lists for enumerative attributes ............................................................. 14
6.7 External references ......................................................................................... 14
6.8 City object groups .......................................................................................... 14
6.9 Appearances ................................................................................................... 15
6.10 Prototypic objects / scene graph concepts ..................................................... 15
6.11 Generic city objects and attributes ................................................................. 15
6.12 Application Domain Extensions (ADE) ........................................................ 16

iv
Copyright © 2012 Open Geospatial Consortium.
7 Modularisation ........................................................................................................ 17
7.1 CityGML core and extension modules .......................................................... 18
7.2 CityGML profiles ........................................................................................... 23
8 Spatial model ........................................................................................................... 25
8.1 Geometric-topological model ........................................................................ 25
8.2 Spatial reference system ................................................................................ 28
8.3 Implicit geometries, prototypic objects, scene graph concepts ...................... 28
8.3.1 Code lists .................................................................................................................. 30
8.3.2 Example CityGML datasets ..................................................................................... 30
8.3.3 Conformance requirements ...................................................................................... 31
9 Appearance model ................................................................................................... 33
9.1 Relation between appearances, features and geometry .................................. 34
9.2 Appearance and SurfaceData ......................................................................... 36
9.3 Material .......................................................................................................... 37
9.4 Texture and texture mapping ......................................................................... 38
9.5 Related concepts ............................................................................................ 44
9.6 Code lists ........................................................................................................ 44
9.7 Conformance requirements ............................................................................ 44
9.8 Material model of previous CityGML versions [deprecated] ........................ 46
9.8.1 Textured surfaces ..................................................................................................... 47
9.8.2 Conformance requirements ...................................................................................... 48
10 Thematic model ....................................................................................................... 49
10.1 CityGML Core ............................................................................................... 50
10.1.1 Base elements ........................................................................................................... 52
10.1.2 Generalisation relation, RelativeToTerrainType and RelativeToWaterType ........... 53
10.1.3 External references ................................................................................................... 54
10.1.4 Address information ................................................................................................. 54
10.1.5 Code lists .................................................................................................................. 56
10.1.6 Conformance requirements ...................................................................................... 56
10.2 Digital Terrain Model (DTM) ........................................................................ 57
10.2.1 Relief feature and relief component ......................................................................... 58
10.2.2 TIN relief .................................................................................................................. 59
10.2.3 Raster relief .............................................................................................................. 59
10.2.4 Mass point relief ....................................................................................................... 60
10.2.5 Breakline relief ......................................................................................................... 60
10.2.6 Conformance requirements ...................................................................................... 61
10.3 Building model ............................................................................................... 62
10.3.1 Building and building part........................................................................................ 64
10.3.2 Outer building installations ...................................................................................... 68
10.3.3 Boundary surfaces .................................................................................................... 69

OGC 12-019
Copyright © 2012 Open Geospatial Consortium.
v
10.3.4 Openings .................................................................................................................. 73
10.3.5 Building interior ....................................................................................................... 74
10.3.6 Modelling building storeys using CityObjectGroups ............................................... 76
10.3.7 Examples .................................................................................................................. 76
10.3.8 Code lists .................................................................................................................. 78
10.3.9 Conformance requirements ...................................................................................... 78
10.4 Tunnel model ................................................................................................. 82
10.4.1 Tunnel and tunnel part ............................................................................................. 84
10.4.2 Outer tunnel installations ......................................................................................... 87
10.4.3 Boundary surfaces .................................................................................................... 87
10.4.4 Openings .................................................................................................................. 91
10.4.5 Tunnel interior .......................................................................................................... 92
10.4.6 Examples .................................................................................................................. 94
10.4.7 Code lists .................................................................................................................. 94
10.4.8 Conformance requirements ...................................................................................... 95
10.5 Bridge model .................................................................................................. 99
10.5.1 Bridge and bridge part ............................................................................................ 102
10.5.2 Bridge construction elements and bridge installations ........................................... 104
10.5.3 Boundary surfaces .................................................................................................. 106
10.5.4 Openings ................................................................................................................ 109
10.5.5 Bridge interior ........................................................................................................ 111
10.5.6 Examples ................................................................................................................ 112
10.5.7 Code lists ................................................................................................................ 114
10.5.8 Conformance requirements .................................................................................... 114
10.6 Water bodies ................................................................................................ 119
10.6.1 Water body ............................................................................................................. 121
10.6.2 Boundary surfaces .................................................................................................. 121
10.6.3 Code lists ................................................................................................................ 123
10.6.4 Conformance requirements .................................................................................... 123
10.7 Transportation objects .................................................................................. 124
10.7.1 Transportation complex.......................................................................................... 127
10.7.2 Subclasses of transportation complexes ................................................................. 128
10.7.3 Subdivisions of transportation complexes .............................................................. 130
10.7.4 Code lists ................................................................................................................ 130
10.7.5 Conformance requirements .................................................................................... 130
10.8 Vegetation objects ........................................................................................ 132
10.8.1 Vegetation object ................................................................................................... 134
10.8.2 Solitary vegetation objects ..................................................................................... 134
10.8.3 Plant cover objects ................................................................................................. 135
10.8.4 Code lists ................................................................................................................ 135
10.8.5 Example CityGML dataset ..................................................................................... 135
10.8.6 Conformance requirements .................................................................................... 136
10.9 City furniture ................................................................................................ 137
剩余343页未读,继续阅读












安全验证
文档复制为VIP权益,开通VIP直接复制

评论1