AcollectionofSystemDesignInterviewQuestions

SystemDesign

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AcollectionofSystemDesignInterview

Questions

AntonioGulli

ISBN:1535078758

ISBN-13:978-1535078757

Systemdesignistheninthofaseriesof25Chaptersdevotedtoalgorithms,problem

solving,andC++programming.

DEDICATION

ToMimmo,myuncle.Forinspiringmypassionfortechnology

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

ThankstoDimitrisKouzis–LoukasforhisPreciouscomments

Contents

………………………………………………………………………………………5

BasicKnowledge………………………………………………………………………….

10

1.Whataretheimportantnumberstoremember?……………………..11

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..11

2.Whatarethefundamentalstepsforsystemdesigninterviews?…14

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..14

3.Whataresomeprerequisitesforsysteminterviewquestions?…..17

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..17

4.WhataretheprinciplesforWebdistributedsystemdesign?……..18

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..18

5.Whatishorizontalandverticalscaling?…………………………………..20

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..20

6.Whatissharding?…………………………………………………………………20

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..20

7.Whatarethekeyrequirementswhiledesigningakey-valuestore?21

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..21

8.Whatisconsistenthashing?…………………………………………………..21

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..21

9.Whatarethedifferentconsistencymodels?……………………………23

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..23

10.Whatarethedifferentmodelsofworkloaddistribution?………23

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..23

11.WhatistheCAPTheorem?…………………………………………………24

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..24

12.Whatis2PCandwhatisPAXOS?…………………………………………24

Solution………………………………………………………………………………….24

2PC……………………………………………………………………………………..24

PAXOS…………………………………………………………………………………25

13.Whatisvectorclock?…………………………………………………………25

Solution………………………………………………………………………………….25

14.WhatisaMerkletree?………………………………………………………26

Solution………………………………………………………………………………….26

15.DesignPatterns:Whatisapipeline?……………………………………27Solution

………………………………………………………………………………….2716.

DesignPatterns:Whatisaloadbalancer?……………………………27Solution

………………………………………………………………………………….2717.

DesignPatterns:Whatisafarmofworkers?……………………….28Solution

………………………………………………………………………………….2818.

DesignPatterns:Whatisacache?………………………………………28Solution

………………………………………………………………………………….2819.

DesignPatterns:Whatisaqueue?……………………………………..29Solution

………………………………………………………………………………….29

20.DesignPatterns:WhatisMapandReduce?Anexampleinspark30

Solution………………………………………………………………………………….30

Code……………………………………………………………………………………….

21.DesignPattern:WhatisaDAGScheduler?…………………………..31

Solution………………………………………………………………………………….31

22.Distributedcomputation:findthetoptenvisitedURLs…………32

Solution………………………………………………………………………………….32

23.Distributedcomputation:failure…………………………………………33

Solution………………………………………………………………………………….33

24.Distributedcomputation:generatingauniqueID…………………33

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..33

25.Distributedcomputations:designanelevatorsystem……………34

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..34

26.Distributedcomputation:designaratelimitingsystem…………34

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..34

Projects………………………………………………………………………………………

3627.Project:Designaphotohostingsystem……………………………….37

Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..37

Requirements………………………………………………………………………37High

leveldesign…………………………………………………………………..37Storage

………………………………………………………………………………..38

Redundancy&Availability……………………………………………………..3928.
Project:Designadistributedcache……………………………………..40
Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..40
Requirements………………………………………………………………………40High
leveldesign…………………………………………………………………..41Coding
…………………………………………………………………………………4129.
Project:DesignaTinyURL………………………………………………….42
Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..42
Requirements………………………………………………………………………42
Estimatingthesizeoftheproblem………………………………………….42Highlevel
design…………………………………………………………………..43Coding
…………………………………………………………………………………4330.
Project:DesignaWebsearchengine…………………………………..44
Solution…………………………………………………………………………………..44
Requirements………………………………………………………………………44High
leveldesign…………………………………………………………………..45
Estimatingthesizeoftheproblem………………………………………….46Storage
……………………………………………………………………………….46
Webindex……………………………………………………………………………47
34.Project:DesignaYouTuberepository………………………………….47
Solution………………………………………………………………………………….47
Estimatingthesizeoftheproblem…………………………………………47
35.Project:DesignaFacebookstylenewsfeed…………………………48
Solution………………………………………………………………………………….48
Requirements………………………………………………………………………48
Highleveldesign…………………………………………………………………..48
PushModel………………………………………………………………………….49
PullModel……………………………………………………………………………49
Highleveldesign…………………………………………………………………..50
Estimatingthesizeoftheproblem…………………………………………50
Ranking……………………………………………………………………………….50
Scalability…………………………………………………………………………….50
36.Project:DesignaWhatsupMessagingService………………………50
Solution………………………………………………………………………………….50
Requirements………………………………………………………………………50
Highleveldesign…………………………………………………………………..50
Estimatingthesizeoftheproblem…………………………………………51
37.Project:Designanin-memorycachesimilartoMemcached51
Solution………………………………………………………………………………….51
Requirements………………………………………………………………………51
Highleveldesign…………………………………………………………………..51
Estimatingthesizeoftheproblem…………………………………………51
38.Project:DesignanAuto-completesystem……………………………51
Solution………………………………………………………………………………….51
Requirements………………………………………………………………………51
Highleveldesign…………………………………………………………………..52