Table of Contents VADOSE/W
Page ii
3.3
Mesh Generation ............................................................................................................... 36
Structured mesh ......................................................................................................... 37
Unstructured quad and triangle mesh ........................................................................ 37
Unstructured triangular mesh ..................................................................................... 37
Triangular grid regions ................................................................................................ 38
Rectangular grid of quads .......................................................................................... 39
3.4 Surface layers ................................................................................................................... 39
3.5 Joining regions .................................................................................................................. 42
3.6 Meshing for transient analyses ......................................................................................... 43
3.7 Finite Elements ................................................................................................................. 44
3.8 Element fundamentals ...................................................................................................... 45
Element nodes ............................................................................................................ 45
Field variable distribution ............................................................................................ 45
Element and mesh compatibility ................................................................................. 46
Numerical integration .................................................................................................. 48
Secondary variables ................................................................................................... 49
3.9 General guidelines for meshing ........................................................................................ 49
Number of elements ................................................................................................... 50
Effect of drawing scale ............................................................................................... 50
Mesh purpose ............................................................................................................. 51
Simplified geometry .................................................................................................... 52
4 Material Properties ............................................................................ 55
4.1 Soil behavior models ......................................................................................................... 55
Material models in VADOSE/W .................................................................................. 55
4.1 Soil water storage – water content function ...................................................................... 56
Factors affecting the volumetric water content ........................................................... 58
4.2 Storage function types and estimation methods ............................................................... 58
Estimation method 1 (grain size - Modified Kovacs) .................................................. 59
Estimation method 2 (sample functions) .................................................................... 61
Closed form option 1 (Fredlund and Xing, 1994) ....................................................... 62
Closed form option 2 (Van Genuchten, 1980) ........................................................... 63
4.3 Coefficient of volume compressibility ................................................................................ 64
4.4 Hydraulic conductivity ....................................................................................................... 64
4.5 Frozen ground hydraulic conductivity ............................................................................... 67
4.6 Conductivity function estimation methods ........................................................................ 68
Method 1 (Fredlund et al, 1994) ................................................................................. 68
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