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ASP.NET Technique

1. Building ASP.NET Pages

ASP.NET and the .NET Framework

ASP.NET is part of Microsoft's overall .NET framework, which contains a vast set of

programming classes designed to satisfy any conceivable programming need. In the

following two sections, you learn how ASP.NET fits within the .NET framework, and

you learn about the languages you can use in your ASP.NET pages.

The .NET Framework Class Library

Imagine that you are Microsoft. Imagine that you have to support multiple

programming languages—such as Visual Basic, JScript, and C++. A great deal of the

functionality of these programming languages overlaps. For example, for each

language, you would have to include methods for accessing the file system, working

with databases, and manipulating strings.

Furthermore, these languages contain similar programming constructs. Every

language, for example, can represent loops and conditionals. Even though the syntax

of a conditional written in Visual Basic differs from the syntax of a conditional

written in C++, the programming function is the same.

Finally, most programming languages have similar variable data types. In most

languages, you have some means of representing strings and integers, for example.

The maximum and minimum size of an integer might depend on the language, but the

basic data type is the same.

Maintaining all this functionality for multiple languages requires a lot of work. Why

keep reinventing the wheel? Wouldn't it be easier to create all this functionality once

and use it for every language?

The .NET Framework Class Library does exactly that. It consists of a vast set of

classes designed to satisfy any conceivable programming need. For example,

the .NET framework contains classes for handling database access, working with the

file system, manipulating text, and generating graphics. In addition, it contains more

specialized classes for performing tasks such as working with regular expressions and

handling network protocols.

The .NET framework, furthermore, contains classes that represent all the basic

variable data types such as strings, integers, bytes, characters, and arrays.

NOTE

The CD included with this book contains C# versions of all the code samples.

Dozens of other languages created by companies other than Microsoft have been

developed to work with the .NET framework. Some examples of these other

languages include Python, SmallTalk, Eiffel, and COBOL. This means that you could,

if you really wanted to, write ASP.NET pages using COBOL.

Regardless of the language that you use to develop your ASP.NET pages, you need to

understand that ASP.NET pages are compiled before they are executed. This means

that ASP.NET pages can execute very quickly.

The first time you request an ASP.NET page, the page is compiled into a .NET class,

and the resulting class file is saved beneath a special directory on your server named

Temporary ASP.NET Files. For each and every ASP.NET page, a corresponding class

file appears in the Temporary ASP.NET Files directory. Whenever you request the

same ASP.NET page in the future, the corresponding class file is executed.

When an ASP.NET page is compiled, it is not compiled directly into machine code.

Instead, it is compiled into an intermediate-level language called Microsoft

Intermediate Language (MSIL). All .NET-compatible languages are compiled into

this intermediate language.

An ASP.NET page isn't compiled into native machine code until it is actually

requested by a browser. At that point, the class file contained in the Temporary

ASP.NET Files directory is compiled with the .NET framework Just in Time (JIT)

compiler and executed.

The magical aspect of this whole process is that it happens automatically in the

background. All you have to do is create a text file with the source code for your

ASP.NET page, and the .NET framework handles all the hard work of converting it

into compiled code for you.

ASP CLASSIC NOTE

What about VBScript? Before ASP.NET, VBScript was the most popular language

for developing Active Server Pages.

ASP.NET does not support VBScript, and this is good news. Visual Basic is a

superset of VBScript, which means that Visual Basic has all the functionality of

VBScript and more. So, you have a richer set of functions and statements with Visual

Basic.

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2013-05-08

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