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真实世界里的面向服务架构(SOA)
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更新于2023-03-16
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微软发布了一个名为“真实世界里的面向服务架构(SOA)”的电子书。这本书表达了微软对面向服务架构的观点,并包括了数个展示如何用微软产品和技术实现SOA的真实案例。书中解释到,SOA的功能型架构本身是松散的,即每个服务本身可以作为企业的IT资产存在、也可以作为生产流程中的处理环节存在,但总体上他们提供了一个完整的视图,而且与独立应用不同,这个视图的内容不是分层的、而是平的
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) ............................................................................. 7
Reader ROI .................................................................................................................................. 7
Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................... 7
Introduction to SOA ...................................................................................................................... 8
The SOA Elephant ................................................................................................................... 8
A simple definition for SOA ...................................................................................................... 9
SOA Myths and Facts ............................................................................................................ 11
The Evolution of SOA ............................................................................................................. 12
Why should I care about SOA? .............................................................................................. 14
Understanding Services ............................................................................................................. 16
The Tenets of Service Design ................................................................................................ 18
Tenet 1: Boundaries are Explicit ............................................................................................ 18
Tenet 2: Services Are Autonomous ....................................................................................... 20
Tenet 3: Services share schema and contract, not class ...................................................... 21
Tenet 4: Service compatibility Is based upon policy .............................................................. 23
An Abstract SOA Reference Model ........................................................................................... 24
Expose .................................................................................................................................... 25
Compose ................................................................................................................................ 25
Consume ................................................................................................................................ 26
Recurring Architectural Capabilities ........................................................................................... 27
Messaging and Services ........................................................................................................ 27
Workflow and Process ............................................................................................................ 28
Data ........................................................................................................................................ 28
User Experience ..................................................................................................................... 28
Identity and Access ................................................................................................................ 28
Management........................................................................................................................... 29
Supporting the Common Architectural Capabilities ............................................................... 29
Common Architectural Capabilities and the Abstract SOA Model ............................................. 30
Expose .................................................................................................................................... 30
Compose ................................................................................................................................ 33
Consume ................................................................................................................................ 34
Summary .................................................................................................................................... 36
References: ................................................................................................................................ 38
Chapter 2: Messaging and Services ............................................................................................ 39
Reader ROI ................................................................................................................................ 39
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 40
Understanding Services ............................................................................................................. 41
A SOA Maturity Model (another one??) ................................................................................. 41
A Service Taxonomy .............................................................................................................. 45
A Services Lifecycle ................................................................................................................... 55
Service Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 55
Service Development ............................................................................................................. 56
Service Testing ....................................................................................................................... 56
Service Provisioning ............................................................................................................... 56
Service Operation ................................................................................................................... 56
Service Consumption ............................................................................................................. 57
Service Change Management ................................................................................................ 57
Service Decommission ........................................................................................................... 57
SOA Scenarios........................................................................................................................... 58
Information Integration ........................................................................................................... 58
Legacy Integration .................................................................................................................. 58
Process Governance .............................................................................................................. 58
Consistent Access .................................................................................................................. 59
Resource Virtualization .......................................................................................................... 59
Process Externalization .......................................................................................................... 59
Other Scenarios ..................................................................................................................... 59
SOA and the End User .............................................................................................................. 60
What are Composite Applications? ........................................................................................ 62
What does a Composite Application look like? ...................................................................... 65
Expected Benefits of Composition, and How to Achieve Them ............................................. 67
Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 67
SOA Case Study: Commonwealth Bank of Australia ................................................................ 69
References: ................................................................................................................................ 71
Chapter 3: Workflow and Process ................................................................................................ 72
Reader ROI ................................................................................................................................ 72
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 73
Understanding Workflow ............................................................................................................ 74
What is Workflow? .................................................................................................................. 74
Workflow Terminology ............................................................................................................ 74
Why Workflow? ...................................................................................................................... 75
A Workflow Model .................................................................................................................. 76
Workflow Contracts ................................................................................................................ 77
Problem-Resolution Collaboration ......................................................................................... 78
Scripted Operations ................................................................................................................ 80
Rule and Policy ...................................................................................................................... 81
Workflow Platform Value ........................................................................................................ 83
More Semantic Exploitation .................................................................................................... 85
Platform Characteristics ......................................................................................................... 86
A Common Workflow Runtime ............................................................................................... 87
Attacking the Problems .......................................................................................................... 88
A Workflow Manifesto ................................................................................................................ 89
Agility ...................................................................................................................................... 89
Abstraction.............................................................................................................................. 90
Workflow is Everywhere ......................................................................................................... 90
Workflow is Expressive .......................................................................................................... 95
Workflow is Fluid .................................................................................................................... 96
Workflow is Inclusive .............................................................................................................. 97
Workflow is Transparent ......................................................................................................... 97
Understanding the Relationship between BizTalk Server and WF ............................................ 98
Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 100
SOA Case Study: Dollar Thrifty Automotive Group ................................................................. 101
References: .............................................................................................................................. 102
Chapter 4: Data ........................................................................................................................... 103
Reader ROI .............................................................................................................................. 103
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. 103
Data Challenges Facing SOA .................................................................................................. 104
Overview ............................................................................................................................... 104
Data Integration Issues ........................................................................................................ 104
Database Scalability ............................................................................................................. 107
Master Data Management (MDM) ........................................................................................... 109
What is MDM? ...................................................................................................................... 110
Customer Data Integration (CDI) ......................................................................................... 111
Product Information Management (PIM) .............................................................................. 111
Master Data Management (MDM) Hub Architecture ............................................................ 111
Hub Architecture Styles ........................................................................................................ 112
Architectural Issues .............................................................................................................. 116
Versions and Hierarchies ..................................................................................................... 117
Population and Synchronization ........................................................................................... 122
Publishing Updates .............................................................................................................. 128
Data Integrity and Reliability................................................................................................. 130
Metadata ............................................................................................................................... 130
Stewardship and Governance .............................................................................................. 131
Data Profiling ........................................................................................................................ 132
Export ................................................................................................................................... 132
Reporting .............................................................................................................................. 132
Workflow and Business Rules .............................................................................................. 132
Tools ..................................................................................................................................... 133
Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 133
SOA Case Study: London Stock Exchange ............................................................................. 134
References: .............................................................................................................................. 135
Chapter 5: User Interaction ........................................................................................................ 136
Reader ROI .............................................................................................................................. 136
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. 136
What is Architecture? ............................................................................................................... 137
Introducing a Framework for UX .............................................................................................. 138
Interface ................................................................................................................................ 139
Interaction ............................................................................................................................. 146
Infrastructure ........................................................................................................................ 151
SOA Case Study: Zurich Airport .............................................................................................. 162
References: .............................................................................................................................. 163
Chapter 6: Identity and Access ................................................................................................... 164
Reader ROI .............................................................................................................................. 164
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. 165
Identity and Access .................................................................................................................. 166
Overview ............................................................................................................................... 166
Trusted Subsystem Design ...................................................................................................... 168
Current Practices .................................................................................................................. 169
Trusted Subsystem Design .................................................................................................. 175
Trusted subsystem process extensions ............................................................................... 177
Trusted Subsystem Policies ................................................................................................. 178
Flowing an Original Caller‘s Identity Claims ......................................................................... 179
Identity/credential mapping .................................................................................................. 182
Benefits of the Design .......................................................................................................... 182
An Identity Metasystem ............................................................................................................ 183
What is the Identity Metasystem? ........................................................................................ 184
Identities Function in Contexts ............................................................................................. 185
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