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Freescale_Yocto_Project_User's_Guide
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关于yocto的指导手册。yocto bsp 入门指导。关于freescale yocto bsp
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1 Overview
This document describes how to build an image for an i.MX
Freescale board by using a Yocto Project build environment. It
describes the Freescale release layer and Freescale-specific
usage.
The Yocto Project is an open-source collaboration focused on
embedded Linux
®
OS development. For more information
regarding Yocto Project, see the Yocto Project page:
www.yoctoproject.org/. There are several documents on the
Yocto Project home page that describe in detail how to use the
system. The basic Yocto Project, without the Freescale release
layer, can be used by following the instructions in the Yocto
Project Quick Start found at www.yoctoproject.org/docs/
current/yocto-project-qs/yocto-project-qs.html.
The FSL Yocto Project Community BSP (found at
freescale.github.io ) is a development community outside
Freescale providing support for i.MX boards in the Yocto
Project environment. Freescale i.MX joined the Yocto Project
community providing a release based on the Yocto Project
framework. Information specific to FSL community BSP use
can be found on the community web page. This document is
an extension of the community BSP documentation.
Files used to build an image are stored in layers. Layers
contain different types of customizations and come from
different sources. Some of the files in a layer are called
Freescale Semiconductor
Document Number: IMXLXYOCTOUG
User's Guide
Rev. L3.14.38_6ul-ga, 09/2015
Freescale Yocto Project User's
Guide
© 2015 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Contents
1 Overview................................. ................................. 1
2 Features.....................................................................3
3 Host Setup................................................................. 4
4 Yocto Project Setup....................... ...........................5
5 Image Build...............................................................6
6 Image Deployment..................................................11
7 Creating a Custom Board Configuration................ 12
A Frequently Asked Questions...................................13
B References...............................................................16
recipes. Yocto Project recipes contain the mechanism to retrieve source code, build and package a component. The following
lists show the layers used in this release.
Freescale release layer
• meta-fsl-bsp-release
• meta-bsp - updates for meta-fsl-arm, poky, and meta-openembedded layers
• meta-sdk - updates for meta-fsl-demos and distros
Yocto Project community layers
• meta-fsl-arm: provides support for the base and for Freescale ARM
®
reference boards.
• meta-fsl-arm-extra: provides support for 3rd party and partner boards.
• meta-fsl-demos: additional items to aid in development and exercise board capabilities.
• meta-fsl-community-base: often renamed to base. Provides base configuration for FSL Community BSP.
• meta-openembedded: Collection of layers for the OE-core universe. See layers.openembedded.org/.
• poky: basic Yocto Project items in Poky. See the Poky README for details.
• meta-browser: provides several browsers.
• meta-qt5: provides Qt5.
References to community layers in this document are for all the layers in Yocto Project except meta-fsl-bsp-release. Freescale
i.MX boards are configured in the meta-fsl-arm layer. This includes U-Boot, the Linux kernel, and reference board-specific
details.
Freescale provides an additional layer called the Freescale BSP Release, named meta-fsl-bsp-release, to integrate a new
Freescale release with the FSL Yocto Project Community BSP. The meta-fsl-bsp-release layer aims to release the updated
and new Yocto Project recipes and machine configurations for new releases that are not yet available on the existing meta-
fsl-arm and meta-fsl-demos layers in the Yocto Project. The contents of the Freescale BSP Release layer are recipes and
machine configurations. In many test cases, other layers implement recipes or include files and the Freescale release layer
provides updates to the recipes by either appending to a current recipe, or including a component and updating with patches
or source locations. Most Freescale release layer recipes are very small because they use what the community has provided
and update what is needed for each new package version that is unavailable in the other layers.
The Freescale BSP Release layer also provides image recipes that include all the components needed for a system image to
boot, making it easier for the user. Components can be built individually or through an image recipe, which pulls in all the
components required in an image into one build process.
Freescale kernel and U-Boot releases are accessed through Freescale public git servers. However, several components are
released as packages on the Freescale mirror. The package-based recipes pull files from the Freescale mirror instead of a git
location and generate the package needed.
All packages which are released as binary are built with hardware floating point enabled. Next release software floating point
packages will not be provided. The package selection floating point configuration is determined by using the
DEFAULTTUNE setting. (See the README file in meta-fsl-bsp-release/imx for instructions.)
Release L3.14.38_6ul_ga is released for Yocto Project 1.8 (Fido). The same recipes for Yocto Project 1.8 are going to be
upstreamed and made available on Yocto Project release 1.9. The Yocto Project release cycle lasts roughly six months.
The recipes and patches in meta-fsl-bsp-release are upstreamed to the community layers. Once that is done for a particular
component, the files in meta-fsl-bsp-release are no longer needed and the FSL Yocto Project Community BSP will provide
support. The community supports Freescale reference boards, community boards, and third-party boards. A complete list can
be found at freescale.github.io/doc/release-notes/1.8/index.html#document-bsp-scope. All board references in this document
are related to the Freescale machine configuration files only.
Overview
Freescale Yocto Project User's Guide, Rev. L3.14.38_6ul-ga, 09/2015
2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
1.1 End user license agreement
During the setup environment process of Freescale Yocto Project Community BSP, the Freescale i.MX End User License
Agreement (EULA) is displayed. To continue to use the Freescale Proprietary software, users must agree to the conditions of
this license. The agreement to the terms allows the Yocto Project build to untar packages from the Freescale mirror. Read this
license agreement carefully during the setup process, because once accepted, all further work in the Freescale Yocto Project
environment is tied to this accepted agreement.
1.2 References
This release includes the following references and additional information.
•
i.MX Linux
®
Release Notes (IMXLXRN) - Provides the release information.
•
i.MX Linux
®
User's Guide (IMXLUG) - Contains the information on installing U-Boot and Linux OS and using i.MX-
specific features.
•
Freescale Yocto Project User's Guide (IMXLXYOCTOUG) - Contains the instructions for setting up and building
Linux OS in the Yocto Project.
•
i.MX Linux
®
Reference Manual (IMXLXRM) - Contains the information on Linux drivers for i.MX.
•
i.MX 6 Graphics User's Guide (IMX6GRAPHICUG) - Describes the graphics used.
•
i.MX BSP Porting Guide (IMXXBSPPG) - Contains the instructions on porting the BSP to a new board.
•
i.MX VPU Application Programming Interface Linux
®
Reference Manual (IMXVPUAPI) - Provides the reference
information on the VPU API.
The quick start guides contain basic information on the board and setting it up. They are on the Freescale website.
• SABRE Platform Quick Start Guide (IMX6QSDPQSG)
• SABRE Board Quick Start Guide (IMX6QSDBQSG)
• SABRE Automotive Infotainment Quick Start Guide (IMX6SABREINFOQSG)
• i.MX 6SoloLite Evaluation Kit Quick Start Guide (IMX6SLEVKQSG)
Documentation is available online at freescale.com.
• i.MX 6 information is at freescale.com/iMX6series
• i.MX 6 SABRE information is at freescale.com/imxSABRE
• i.MX 6SoloLite EVK information is at freescale.com/6SLEVK
• i.MX 7Dual information is at freescale.com/webapp/sps/site/prod_summary.jsp?code=i.MX7D
• i.MX 6UltraLite information is at freescale.com/webapp/sps/site/prod_summary.jsp?code=i.MX6UL.
2
Features
Freescale Yocto Project Release layers have the following features:
• Linux kernel recipe
• The kernel recipe resides in the recipes-kernel folder and integrates a Freescale kernel from the source
downloaded from the Freescale git server. This is done automatically by the recipes in the project.
• L3.14.38_6ul_ga is a Linux kernel that Freescale has released only for the Yocto Project.
• Freescale L3.14.38_6ul_ga supports using device trees. Device tree settings are found in the i.MX machine
configuration files.
• U-Boot recipe
• The U-Boot recipe resides in the recipes-bsp folder and integrates a Freescale uboot-imx.git from the source
downloaded from the Freecale git server.
• Certain i.MX boards use different U-Boot versions.
Features
Freescale Yocto Project User's Guide, Rev. L3.14.38_6ul-ga, 09/2015
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 3
• Freescale release L3.14.38_6ul_ga for the i.MX 6 and i.MX 7 devices uses an updated v2015.04 Freescale
version. This version has not been updated for other i.MX Freescale hardware.
• The Freescale Yocto Project Community BSP uses u-boot-fslc from the mainline, but this is only supported by
the U-Boot community and does not work for the L3.14.38 kernel.
• The Freescale Yocto Project Community BSP updates U-Boot versions frequently, so the information above
might change as new U-Boot versions are integrated to meta-fsl-arm layers and updates from Freescale u-boot-
imx releases are integrated into the mainline.
• Graphics recipes
• Graphics recipes reside in recipes-graphics.
• Graphics recipes integrate the Freescale graphics package release. For the i.MX 6 boards that have a GPU, the
imx-gpu-viv recipes package the graphic components for each backend – X11, frame buffer (fb), Direct Frame
Buffer (directfb), Wayland backend, and Weston compositor (weston).
• Xorg-driver integrates the xserver-xorg.
• Although the i.MX 6UltraLite does not have a GPU, there might be new graphics recipe versions in this release
but they are not integrated on a imx6ulevk build.
• i.MX package recipes
imx-lib, imx-test, and firmware-imx reside in recipes-bsp and pull from the Freescale mirror to build and package into
image recipes.
• Multimedia recipes
• Multimedia recipes reside in recipes-multimedia.
• Recipes include libfslcodec, libfslparser, libvpuwrap, and gstreamer that pull from the Freescale mirror to build
and package into image recipes.
• Some recipes are provided for codecs that are restricted. Packages for these are not on the Freescale mirror. These
packages are available separately. Contact your Freescale Marketing representative to acquire these.
• Core recipes
Some recipes for rules, such as udev, provide updated i.MX rules to be deployed in the system. These recipes are
usually updates of policy recipes and are used for customization only. Releases only provide updates if needed.
• Demo recipes
Demonstration recipes reside in the meta-sdk directory. This layer contains image recipes and recipes for
customization, such as touch calibration, or recipes for demonstration applications.
3
Host Setup
To get the Yocto Project expected behavior in a Linux Host Machine, the packages and utilities described below must be
installed. An important consideration is the hard disk space required in the host machine. For example, when building on a
machine running Ubuntu, the minimum hard disk space required is about 50 GB for the X11 backend. It is recommended that
at least 120 GB is provided, which is enough to compile all backends together.
The recommended minimum Ubuntu version is 14.04 but builds for dizzy works on 12.04 or later. Earlier versions may cause
the Yocto Project build setup to fail, because it requires python versions only available starting wtih Ubuntu 12.04. See The
Yocto Project reference manual for more information.
3.1
Host packages
A Yocto Project build requires that some packages be installed for the build that are documented under the Yocto Project.
You can go to Yocto Project Quick Start and check for the packages that must be installed for your build machine.
Essential Yocto Project host packages are:
Host Setup
Freescale Yocto Project User's Guide, Rev. L3.14.38_6ul-ga, 09/2015
4 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
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