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Teradata Database
Database Design
Release V2R6.0
B035-1094-064A
November 2004
The product described in this book is a licensed product of Teradata, a division of NCR Corporation.
NCR, Teradata and BYNET are registered trademarks of NCR Corporation.
Adaptec and SCSISelect are registered trademarks of Adaptec, Inc.
DEC, VAX, and VMS are registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation.
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Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation.
GoldenGate is a trademark of GoldenGate Software, Inc.
Hewlett-Packard and HP are registered trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company.
IBM, CICS, DB2, MVS, RACF, OS/390, and VM are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.
Intel, Pentium, and XEON are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation.
KBMS is a registered trademark of Trinzic Corporation.
Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.
LSI, SYM, and SYMplicity are registered trademarks of LSI Logic Corporation.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows Server, and Windows NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United
States and/or other countries.
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Unicode is a registered trademark of Unicode, Inc.
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the US and other countries.
Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED ON AN “AS-IS” BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-
INFRINGEMENT. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY
NOT APPLY TO YOU. IN NO EVENT WILL NCR CORPORATION (NCR) BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, DIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOST PROFITS OR LOST SAVINGS, EVEN IF EXPRESSLY ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.
The information contained in this document may contain references or cross references to features, functions, products, or services that are
not announced or available in your country. Such references do not imply that NCR intends to announce such features, functions, products,
or services in your country. Please consult your local NCR representative for those features, functions, products, or services available in your
country.
Information contained in this document may contain technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Information may be changed or updated
without notice. NCR may also make improvements or changes in the products or services described in this information at any time without notice.
To maintain the quality of our products and services, we would like your comments on the accuracy, clarity, organization, and value of this
document. Please e-mail: teradata-books@lists.ncr.com
Any comments or materials (collectively referred to as “Feedback”) sent to NCR will be deemed non-confidential. NCR will have no obligation
of any kind with respect to Feedback and will be free to use, reproduce, disclose, exhibit, display, transform, create derivative works of and
distribute the Feedback and derivative works thereof without limitation on a royalty-free basis. Further, NCR will be free to use any ideas,
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products or services incorporating Feedback.
Copyright © 2002–2004, NCR Corporation
All Rights Reserved
Database Design iii
Preface
Supported Software Release
This book supports Teradata
®
Database V2R6.0.
Changes to This Book
This book includes the following changes to support the current release:
Date Description
November 2004 • Revised presentation of table headers in chapter 15 to add fat headers.
• Added material about business rules to chapter 3.
• Added material about 6NF to chapter 5.
• Added material about designing databases to avoid nulls to chapter 14.
• Performed DR fixes and enhancement requests.
November 2003 • Updated and supplemented material on designing for tactical queries in
chapter 17.
• Created a new chapter by removing material about denormalizing the
physical database schema from chapter 5 and moving it to the new chapter
8.
• Added new material about the Teradata parallel architecture to chapter 1.
• Added note that ROWID can be specified only for CREATE JOIN INDEX
statement and then only in the outermost SELECT statement in the join
index definition.
• Updated and clarified material on compression.
• Corrected syntax diagrams for CREATE JOIN INDEX.Updated material on
indexes, constraints, compression, and storage capacity for large objects.
• Added restrictions on LOB usage for indexes.
• Updated material on database integrity for disk I/O integrity
• Updated material on table headers to include dictionary cache memory
problems and how to work around them
• Updated description of ROWID to indicate that:
• Its data type is always BYTE(10)
• Users can only specify it to define a join index to ensure it can be used to
partially cover a query: all other uses, such as in DML statements, are
non-valid and return an error.
• Performed DR fixes and enhancement requests
Preface
Changes to This Book
iv Database Design
December 2002 • Added material on Partitioned Primary Indexes
• Added material on multivalued compression
• Updated material on table headers
• Added material on surrogate keys
• Added material on identity columns
• Added material on PARTITION columns
• Added material on ROWID columns
• Added material on batch referential integrity
• Added material on non-referential-integrity-enforcing referential
constraints
• Added chapter on database integrity
• Added chapter on handling missing information
• Added chapter on physical design support for tactical queries
• Updated and added material on multiple system limits
• Performed DR fixes and enhancement requests
June 2001 • Added material on column value compression
• Added material on hash indexes
• Added material on extending join index to support direct base table access
for partial covers
• Added material on single-table join index compression
• Changed name of Appendix B
• Revised limits on number of volatile and global temporary tables per
session
• Performed DR fixes and enhancement requests
September 2000 • Clarified some topics, corrected minor errors, and replaced or eliminated
some figures
• Added material on join index creation and maintenance costs and cost/
benefit analysis
• Added new appendix to support material on join index creation,
maintenance, and cost/benefit analysis
June 2000 • Increased maximum number of databases/users per system
• Increased maximum number of data tables per database
• Increased maximum string constant size
• Increased maximum number of tables that can be joined
• Added new aggregate join index feature
Date Description
Preface
About This Book
Database Design v
About This Book
Purpose
This book describes database design in the Teradata environment including the context of
design within data warehousing, logical design, and physical design.
Audience
This book is intended for database administrators and other technical personnel responsible
for designing Teradata relational databases.
Prerequisites
You should be familiar with the basic terminology and concepts of data modeling and with the
Teradata software and hardware architectures.
It might be helpful to review the following books:
• Introduction to Teradata Warehouse
• Database Administration
• Data Dictionary
• Performance Management
• SQL Reference
• Utilities
• Fleming, Candace C. and Barbara von Halle, Handbook of Relational Database Design,
Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1989.
Even though it is somewhat out of date, this book remains one of the very best
commercially available works focusing on concepts of both logical and physical database
design. The volume also provides some specific physical design issues based on Version 1
of Teradata.
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