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NVM Express

Revision 1.3c

NVM Express

Base Specification

NVM Express

Revision 1.3c

May 24, 2018

Please send comments to info@nvmexpress.org

Incorporates ECN 001 to ECN 003, ECN 004a, and ECN 005. Applied the NVM Express trademark and

logo usage guidelines.

NVM Express

Revision 1.3c

NVM Express

base specification revision 1.3c is available for download at http://nvmexpress.org. NVM

Express revision 1.3 ratified on April 26, 2017. NVM Express base specification revision 1.3c incorporates

ECN 001 to ECN 003, ECN 004a, and ECN 005. Applied the NVM Express trademark and logo usage

guidelines.

SPECIFICATION DISCLAIMER

LEGAL NOTICE:

This NVM Express base specification revision 1.3c is proprietary to the NVM Express, Inc. (also referred

to as “Company”) and/or its successors and assigns.

NOTICE TO USERS WHO ARE NVM EXPRESS, INC. MEMBERS: Members of NVM Express, Inc. have

the right to use and implement this NVM Express base specification revision 1.3c specification subject,

however, to the Member’s continued compliance with the Company’s Intellectual Property Policy and

Bylaws and the Member’s Participation Agreement.

NOTICE TO NON-MEMBERS OF NVM EXPRESS, INC.: If you are not a Member of NVM Express, Inc.

and you have obtained a copy of this document, you only have a right to review this document or make

reference to or cite this document. Any such references or citations to this document must acknowledge

NVM Express, Inc. copyright ownership of this document. The proper copyright citation or reference is as

citations or references to this document you are not permitted to revise, alter, modify, make any

derivatives of, or otherwise amend the referenced portion of this document in any way without the prior

express written permission of NVM Express, Inc. Nothing contained in this document shall be deemed as

granting you any kind of license to implement or use this document or the specification described therein,

or any of its contents, either expressly or impliedly, or to any intellectual property owned or controlled by

NVM Express, Inc., including, without limitation, any trademarks of NVM Express, Inc.

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:

THIS DOCUMENT AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS PROVIDED ON AN “AS IS”

BASIS. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, NVM EXPRESS, INC.

(ALONG WITH THE CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS DOCUMENT) HEREBY DISCLAIM ALL

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND/OR COVENANTS, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,

STATUTORY OR AT COMMON LAW, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED

WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, VALIDITY,

AND/OR NONINFRINGEMENT.

All product names, trademarks, registered trademarks, and/or servicemarks may be claimed as the

property of their respective owners.

The NVM Express

design mark is a registered trademark of NVM Express, Inc.

NVM Express Workgroup

c/o VTM, Inc.

3855 SW 153

Drive

Beaverton, OR 97003

info@nvmexpress.org

NVM Express

Revision 1.3c

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 6

1.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 6

1.2 Scope .............................................................................................................................................. 6

1.3 Outside of Scope ............................................................................................................................ 6

1.4 Theory of Operation ........................................................................................................................ 6

1.5 Conventions .................................................................................................................................. 12

1.6 Definitions ..................................................................................................................................... 12

1.7 Keywords ...................................................................................................................................... 16

1.8 Byte, word and Dword Relationships ............................................................................................ 17

1.9 References ................................................................................................................................... 17

1.10 References Under Development ............................................................................................... 18

2 SYSTEM BUS (PCI EXPRESS) REGISTERS ....................................................................... 19

2.1 PCI Header ................................................................................................................................... 19

2.2 PCI Power Management Capabilities ........................................................................................... 23

2.3 Message Signaled Interrupt Capability (Optional) ........................................................................ 24

2.4 MSI-X Capability (Optional) .......................................................................................................... 26

2.5 PCI Express Capability ................................................................................................................. 27

2.6 Advanced Error Reporting Capability (Optional) .......................................................................... 33

2.7 Other Capability Pointers .............................................................................................................. 37

3 CONTROLLER REGISTERS ............................................................................................. 38

3.1 Register Definition ........................................................................................................................ 39

3.2 Index/Data Pair registers (Optional) ............................................................................................. 50

4 DATA STRUCTURES ..................................................................................................... 52

4.1 Submission Queue & Completion Queue Definition ..................................................................... 52

4.2 Submission Queue Entry – Command Format ............................................................................. 54

4.3 Physical Region Page Entry and List ........................................................................................... 58

4.4 Scatter Gather List (SGL) ............................................................................................................. 59

4.5 Metadata Region (MR) ................................................................................................................. 65

4.6 Completion Queue Entry .............................................................................................................. 66

4.7 Controller Memory Buffer ............................................................................................................. 72

4.8 Namespace List ............................................................................................................................ 73

4.9 Controller List ................................................................................................................................ 73

4.10 Fused Operations...................................................................................................................... 74

4.11 Command Arbitration ................................................................................................................ 74

5 ADMIN COMMAND SET ................................................................................................. 78

5.1 Abort command ............................................................................................................................ 80

5.2 Asynchronous Event Request command ..................................................................................... 81

5.3 Create I/O Completion Queue command ..................................................................................... 84

5.4 Create I/O Submission Queue command ..................................................................................... 86

5.5 Delete I/O Completion Queue command ..................................................................................... 88

5.6 Delete I/O Submission Queue command ..................................................................................... 88

5.7 Doorbell Buffer Config command ................................................................................................. 89

5.8 Device Self-test command ............................................................................................................ 90

5.9 Directive Receive command ......................................................................................................... 93

5.10 Directive Send command .......................................................................................................... 94

5.11 Firmware Commit command ..................................................................................................... 94

5.12 Firmware Image Download command ...................................................................................... 96

5.13 Get Features command ............................................................................................................ 98

NVM Express

Revision 1.3c

5.14 Get Log Page command ......................................................................................................... 100

5.15 Identify command .................................................................................................................... 118

5.16 Keep Alive command .............................................................................................................. 147

5.17 NVMe-MI Receive command .................................................................................................. 147

5.18 NVMe-MI Send command ....................................................................................................... 147

5.19 Namespace Attachment command ......................................................................................... 148

5.20 Namespace Management command ...................................................................................... 149

5.21 Set Features command ........................................................................................................... 151

5.22 Virtualization Management command .................................................................................... 171

5.23 Format NVM command – NVM Command Set Specific ......................................................... 173

5.24 Sanitize command – NVM Command Set Specific................................................................. 175

5.25 Security Receive command – NVM Command Set Specific .................................................. 177

5.26 Security Send command – NVM Command Set Specific ....................................................... 179

6 NVM COMMAND SET ................................................................................................. 180

6.1 Namespaces ............................................................................................................................... 181

6.2 Fused Operations ....................................................................................................................... 183

6.3 Command Ordering Requirements ............................................................................................. 184

6.4 Atomic Operations ...................................................................................................................... 184

6.5 End-to-end Protection Information .............................................................................................. 189

6.6 Compare command .................................................................................................................... 189

6.7 Dataset Management command ................................................................................................ 191

6.8 Flush command .......................................................................................................................... 194

6.9 Read command .......................................................................................................................... 194

6.10 Reservation Acquire command ............................................................................................... 197

6.11 Reservation Register command .............................................................................................. 199

6.12 Reservation Release command .............................................................................................. 200

6.13 Reservation Report command ................................................................................................ 201

6.14 Write command ....................................................................................................................... 203

6.15 Write Uncorrectable command ............................................................................................... 206

6.16 Write Zeroes command ........................................................................................................... 207

7 CONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE ..................................................................................... 209

7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 209

7.2 Command Submission and Completion Mechanism (Informative) ............................................ 209

7.3 Resets ......................................................................................................................................... 216

7.4 Queue Management ................................................................................................................... 217

7.5 Interrupts ..................................................................................................................................... 218

7.6 Controller Initialization and Shutdown Processing ..................................................................... 221

7.7 Asynchronous Event Request Host Software Recommendations (Informative) ........................ 223

7.8 Feature Values ........................................................................................................................... 223

7.9 NVMe Qualified Names .............................................................................................................. 224

7.10 Identifier Format and Layout (Informative) .............................................................................. 225

7.11 Unique Identifier ...................................................................................................................... 227

7.12 Keep Alive ............................................................................................................................... 229

7.13 Updating Controller Doorbell Registers using a Shadow Doorbell Buffer .............................. 229

7.14 Privileged Actions.................................................................................................................... 230

8 FEATURES ................................................................................................................ 231

8.1 Firmware Update Process .......................................................................................................... 231

8.2 Metadata Handling...................................................................................................................... 232

8.3 End-to-end Data Protection (Optional) ....................................................................................... 233

8.4 Power Management.................................................................................................................... 239

8.5 Virtualization Enhancements (Optional) ..................................................................................... 244

8.6 Doorbell Stride for Software Emulation ...................................................................................... 249

NVM Express

Revision 1.3c

8.7 Standard Vendor Specific Command Format ............................................................................. 249

8.8 Reservations (Optional) .............................................................................................................. 249

8.9 Host Memory Buffer (Optional) ................................................................................................... 256

8.10 Replay Protected Memory Block (Optional) ............................................................................ 256

8.11 Device Self-test Operations (Optional) ................................................................................... 267

8.12 Namespace Management (Optional) ...................................................................................... 269

8.13 Boot Partitions (Optional) ........................................................................................................ 271

8.14 Telemetry (Optional) ............................................................................................................... 273

8.15 Sanitize Operations (Optional) ................................................................................................ 277

9 DIRECTIVES.............................................................................................................. 282

9.1 Directive Use in I/O Commands ................................................................................................. 282

9.2 Identify (Directive Type 00h) ....................................................................................................... 283

9.3 Streams (Directive Type 01h, Optional) ..................................................................................... 285

10 ERROR REPORTING AND RECOVERY .......................................................................... 291

10.1 Command and Queue Error Handling .................................................................................... 291

10.2 Media and Data Error Handling .............................................................................................. 291

10.3 Memory Error Handling ........................................................................................................... 291

10.4 Internal Controller Error Handling ........................................................................................... 291

10.5 Controller Fatal Status Condition ............................................................................................ 292

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