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Used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.

Wi-Fi Display

Technical Specification

Version 2.1

WI-FI ALLIANCE PROPRIETARY – SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE

This document may be used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms set forth herein.

By your use of the document, you are agreeing to these terms. Unless this document is clearly designated

as an approved specification, this document is a work in process and is not an approved Wi-Fi Alliance

specification. This document is subject to revision or removal at any time without notice. Information

contained in this document may be used at your sole risk. Wi-Fi Alliance assumes no responsibility for

errors or omissions in this document. This copyright permission does not constitute an endorsement of the

products or services. Wi-Fi Alliance trademarks and certification marks may not be used unless specifically

allowed by Wi-Fi Alliance.

Wi-Fi Alliance has not conducted an independent intellectual property rights ("IPR") review of this document

and the information contained herein, and makes no representations or warranties regarding IPR, including

without limitation patents, copyrights or trade secret rights. This document may contain inventions for which

you must obtain licenses from third parties before making, using or selling the inventions.

Wi-Fi Alliance owns the copyright in this document and reserves all rights therein. A user of this document

may duplicate and distribute copies of the document in connection with the authorized uses described

herein, provided any duplication in whole or in part includes the copyright notice and the disclaimer text set

forth herein. Unless prior written permission has been received from Wi-Fi Alliance, any other use of this

document and all other duplication and distribution of this document are prohibited. Unauthorized use,

duplication, or distribution is an infringement of Wi-Fi Alliance’s copyright.

NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES (WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED) ARE MADE BY WI-

FI ALLIANCE AND WI-FI ALLIANCE IS NOT LIABLE FOR AND HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY DIRECT,

INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES

ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT AND ANY

INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT.

Wi-Fi Display Technical Specification v2.1

Used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.

Page 3 of 196

Table of contents

1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ 11

1.1 Scope .......................................................................................................................................................... 11

1.2 References .................................................................................................................................................. 11

2 DEFINITIONS AND ACRONYMS .............................................................................................................................. 15

2.1.1 Shall/should/may/might word usage .............................................................................................. 15

2.1.2 Definitions ...................................................................................................................................... 15

2.1.3 Abbreviations and acronyms .......................................................................................................... 16

3 WFD ARCHITECTURE AND REQUIREMENTS........................................................................................................ 20

3.1 WFD Source, Primary Sink, Secondary Sink and WFD Session................................................................ 20

3.1.1 WFD Source ................................................................................................................................... 21

3.1.2 WFD Sink(s) ................................................................................................................................... 21

3.1.3 Requirements for WFD Devices under Coupled Sink Operation ................................................... 23

3.1.4 WFD Session ................................................................................................................................. 23

3.2 WFD Connection Topology ......................................................................................................................... 24

3.2.1 Wi-Fi P2P ....................................................................................................................................... 24

3.2.2 TDLS .............................................................................................................................................. 25

3.2.3 Wi-Fi Infrastructure ......................................................................................................................... 25

3.3 Functions and services ............................................................................................................................... 25

3.3.1 Basic Wi-Fi functions and services ................................................................................................ 25

3.3.2 Wi-Fi Display specific functions and services ................................................................................ 26

3.4 Encoder/decoder characteristics ................................................................................................................. 27

3.4.1 Audio .............................................................................................................................................. 27

3.4.2 Video and Image Codecs ............................................................................................................... 29

3.4.3 Stereoscopic 3D video ................................................................................................................... 34

4 WFD SESSION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION AND PROCEDURES...................................................................... 35

4.1 Reference Model ......................................................................................................................................... 35

4.2 WFD connection setup, WFD session establishment and management functions .................................... 36

4.3 WFD R1 Discovery ...................................................................................................................................... 37

4.3.1 WFD R1 Service Discovery ........................................................................................................... 37

4.3.2 WFD R1 Device Discovery ............................................................................................................ 37

4.4 WFD R2 Discovery ...................................................................................................................................... 38

4.4.1 WFD R2 Service Discovery ........................................................................................................... 38

4.4.2 WFD R2 Device Discovery ............................................................................................................ 39

4.5 WFD Connection Setup .............................................................................................................................. 40

4.5.1 Connectivity Scheme Resolution ................................................................................................... 40

4.5.2 Establishing a WFD Connection using Wi-Fi P2P ......................................................................... 41

4.5.3 Establish a WFD Connection using TDLS ..................................................................................... 43

4.5.4 Establishing a TCP connection ...................................................................................................... 43

4.6 WFD Capability Negotiation ........................................................................................................................ 44

4.7 Link content protection setup ...................................................................................................................... 45

4.8 WFD session establishment ....................................................................................................................... 47

4.8.1 WFD Session between WFD R2 devices over a BSS infrastructure connection .......................... 49

4.8.2 WFD Session between a WFD R2 Device and a WFD R1 Device ............................................... 51

4.9 Coupled Sink Operation .............................................................................................................................. 51

4.9.1 Primary and Secondary Sink Coupling .......................................................................................... 52

4.9.2 WFD Device Discovery .................................................................................................................. 54

4.9.3 WFD Service Discovery ................................................................................................................. 54

4.9.4 WFD Device Pairing ....................................................................................................................... 54

4.9.5 WFD capability negotiation ............................................................................................................ 55

4.9.6 WFD Session establishment .......................................................................................................... 55

4.10 AV streaming and control ............................................................................................................................ 55

4.10.1 Time synchronization .................................................................................................................... 55

4.10.2 AV streaming ................................................................................................................................. 56

4.10.3 AV Encoding Rate Control ............................................................................................................ 58

Wi-Fi Display Technical Specification v2.1

Used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.

Page 4 of 196

4.10.4 AV Session Control ....................................................................................................................... 60

4.10.5 WFD video recovery...................................................................................................................... 60

4.10.6 Switching of Transport Protocol in a WFDS Session .................................................................... 60

4.11 User Input Back Channel ............................................................................................................................ 63

4.11.1 UIBC Data Encapsulation ............................................................................................................. 64

4.11.2 UIBC Establishment and Maintenance ......................................................................................... 65

4.11.3 UIBC Input Body ........................................................................................................................... 66

4.12 WFD Session and WFD Connection Termination ...................................................................................... 70

4.12.1 Termination of a WFD Connection Using Wi-Fi P2P .................................................................... 70

4.12.2 Termination of a WFD Connection Using TDLS ........................................................................... 70

4.12.3 Termination of WFD connection Using BSS infrastructure ........................................................... 70

4.13 Persistent WFD Groups .............................................................................................................................. 70

4.13.1 Persistent WFD Group over Wi-Fi P2P......................................................................................... 71

4.13.2 Persistent WFD Group over TDLS ................................................................................................ 71

4.14 WFD MAC Procedures -- Concurrency ....................................................................................................... 71

4.14.1 Concurrent WLAN access with Wi-Fi P2P .................................................................................... 71

4.14.2 Concurrent WLAN access with TDLS ........................................................................................... 71

4.15 WFD Standby .............................................................................................................................................. 71

4.16 Direct Streaming and Transport of Auxiliary Streams ................................................................................. 73

4.16.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 74

4.16.2 Capability Negotiation and Session Setup .................................................................................... 74

4.16.3 AV Streaming Switch .................................................................................................................... 76

4.16.4 Auxiliary Stream over MPEG2-TS ................................................................................................ 78

4.17 Backward Compatibility ............................................................................................................................... 78

4.17.1 Device/Service Discovery ............................................................................................................. 78

4.17.2 WFD Connection Establishment ................................................................................................... 79

4.17.3 WFD Capability Negotiation .......................................................................................................... 79

4.17.4 WFD Session Establishment ........................................................................................................ 79

5 FRAME FORMATS AND SERVICE DISCOVERY INFORMATION .......................................................................... 80

5.1 WFD Information Element ........................................................................................................................... 80

5.1.1 WFD IE Format .............................................................................................................................. 80

5.1.2 WFD Device Information Subelement ............................................................................................ 81

5.1.3 Associated BSSID Subelement ..................................................................................................... 83

5.1.4 Coupled Sink Information Subelement .......................................................................................... 83

5.1.5 WFD Video Formats Subelement .................................................................................................. 83

5.1.6 WFD 3D Video Formats Subelement............................................................................................. 89

5.1.7 WFD Audio Formats Subelement .................................................................................................. 89

5.1.8 WFD Extended Capability Subelement.......................................................................................... 91

5.1.9 Local IP Address Subelement ........................................................................................................ 92

5.1.10 WFD Session Information Subelement ......................................................................................... 92

5.1.11 Alternative MAC Address Subelement.......................................................................................... 93

5.1.12 WFD R2 Device Information Subelement ..................................................................................... 94

5.2 Management Frames .................................................................................................................................. 94

5.2.1 Beacon Frame Format ................................................................................................................... 95

5.2.2 Probe Request Frame Format ....................................................................................................... 95

5.2.3 Probe Response Frame ................................................................................................................. 96

5.2.4 Association/Reassociation Request Frame ................................................................................... 96

5.2.5 Association/Reassociation Response Frame ................................................................................ 97

5.2.6 P2P Public Action Frames ............................................................................................................. 97

5.2.7 Service Discovery Action Frames ................................................................................................ 101

5.3 WFD R2 Command ................................................................................................................................... 101

5.4 WFD R2 Service Discovery Information ................................................................................................... 101

5.4.1 WFD R2 Video Formats ............................................................................................................... 102

5.4.2 WFD R2 Aux Stream Formats ..................................................................................................... 109

5.4.3 WFD R2 Audio Formats ............................................................................................................... 110

5.4.4 WFD R2 Extended Capabilities bitmap........................................................................................ 113

5.5 TXT Record ............................................................................................................................................... 114

Wi-Fi Display Technical Specification v2.1

Used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.

Page 5 of 196

6 RTSP BASED WFD CONTROL PLANE .................................................................................................................. 116

6.1 RTSP data structures ................................................................................................................................ 116

6.1.1 ABNF Definitions .......................................................................................................................... 116

6.1.2 wfd-audio-codecs ......................................................................................................................... 116

6.1.3 wfd-video-formats ......................................................................................................................... 117

6.1.4 wfd-3d-formats ............................................................................................................................. 118

6.1.5 wfd-content-protection ................................................................................................................. 118

6.1.6 wfd-display-edid ........................................................................................................................... 118

6.1.7 wfd-coupled-sink .......................................................................................................................... 120

6.1.8 wfd-trigger-method ....................................................................................................................... 120

6.1.9 wfd-presentation-url ..................................................................................................................... 120

6.1.10 wfd-client-rtp-ports ...................................................................................................................... 121

6.1.11 wfd-route ..................................................................................................................................... 122

6.1.12 wfd-I2C ........................................................................................................................................ 122

6.1.13 wfd-av-format-change-timing ...................................................................................................... 122

6.1.14 wfd-preferred-display-mode ........................................................................................................ 123

6.1.15 wfd-uibc-capability....................................................................................................................... 123

6.1.16 wfd-uibc-setting ........................................................................................................................... 123

6.1.17 wfd-standby-resume-capability ................................................................................................... 123

6.1.18 wfd-standby ................................................................................................................................. 124

6.1.19 wfd-connector-type...................................................................................................................... 124

6.1.20 wfd-idr-request ............................................................................................................................ 125

6.1.21 wfd2-audio-codecs ...................................................................................................................... 125

6.1.22 wfd2-video-formats...................................................................................................................... 125

6.1.23 wfd2-aux-stream-formats ............................................................................................................ 126

6.1.24 wfd2-direct-streaming-mode ....................................................................................................... 127

6.1.25 wfd2-transport-switch .................................................................................................................. 127

6.1.26 wfd2-buffer-length ....................................................................................................................... 127

6.1.27 wfd2-audio-playback-status ........................................................................................................ 128

6.1.28 wfd2-video-playback-status ........................................................................................................ 128

6.1.29 wfd2-cta-datablock-collection ...................................................................................................... 129

6.1.30 wfd2-cta-audio-infoframe ............................................................................................................ 131

6.2 WFD RTSP methods ................................................................................................................................. 131

6.2.1 WFD RTSP OPTIONS ................................................................................................................. 131

6.2.2 GET_PARAMETER ..................................................................................................................... 133

6.2.3 SET_PARAMETER ...................................................................................................................... 133

6.2.4 SETUP ......................................................................................................................................... 134

6.2.5 PLAY ............................................................................................................................................ 134

6.2.6 PAUSE ......................................................................................................................................... 135

6.2.7 TEARDOWN ................................................................................................................................ 135

6.3 RTSP Parameters ..................................................................................................................................... 135

6.4 RTSP Messages ....................................................................................................................................... 137

6.4.1 RTSP M1 Message ...................................................................................................................... 139

6.4.2 RTSP M2 Message ...................................................................................................................... 139

6.4.3 RTSP M3 Message ...................................................................................................................... 140

6.4.4 RTSP M4 Message ...................................................................................................................... 140

6.4.5 RTSP M5 Message ...................................................................................................................... 142

6.4.6 RTSP M6 Message ...................................................................................................................... 143

6.4.7 RTSP M7 Message ...................................................................................................................... 143

6.4.8 RTSP M8 Message ...................................................................................................................... 144

6.4.9 RTSP M9 Message ...................................................................................................................... 144

6.4.10 RTSP M10 Message ................................................................................................................... 145

6.4.11 RTSP M11 Message ................................................................................................................... 145

6.4.12 RTSP M12 Message ................................................................................................................... 145

6.4.13 RTSP M13 Message ................................................................................................................... 145

6.4.14 RTSP M14 Message ................................................................................................................... 146

6.4.15 RTSP M15 Message ................................................................................................................... 146

6.4.16 RTSP M16 Message ................................................................................................................... 147

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2019-10-01

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