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Apollo Datasheet

Ultra-Low Power MCU Family

Ambiq Micro Inc. 6500 River Place Blvd., Bldg. 7, Ste. 200 2016 Ambiq Micro, Inc.

www.ambiqmicro.com Austin, TX 78730-1156 February 2016

Ambiq Micro

Apollo

MCU

Host

Processor

(optional)

SPI/I

Slave

Port

SPI/I

C Master,

UART

Radio

Magnetometer

with Digital

Output

Gyroscope

with Digital

Output

Accelerometer

with Digital

Output

Typical Sensor Application Circuit for the Apollo MCU

Features

Ultra-low supply current:

- EEMBC ULPBench score of 377

- 35 µA/MHz executing from flash at 3.3 V

- 143 nA deep sleep mode at 3.3 V

- 419 nA deep sleep mode with XTAL-assisted

RTC at 3.3 V

High-performance ARM Cortex-M4F Processor

- Up to 24 MHz clock frequency

- Floating point unit

- Memory protection unit

Wake-up interrupt controller with 12 interrupts

Ultra-low power memory:

- Up to 512 KB of flash memory for code/data

- Up to 64 KB of low leakage RAM for code/data

Ultra-low power interface for off-chip sensors:

- 10 bit, 13-channel, up to 800 kSps ADC

- Temperature sensor with +/-4ºC accuracy

Flexible serial peripherals:

-I

C/SPI master for communication with sensors,

radios, and other peripherals

-I

C/SPI slave for host communications

- UART for communication with peripherals and

legacy devices

Rich set of clock sources:

- 32.768 kHz XTAL oscillator

- Low frequency RC oscillator – 1.024 kHz

- High frequency RC oscillator – 24 MHz

- RTC based on Ambiq’s AM08X5/18X5 families

Wide operating range: 1.8-3.8 V, –40 to 85°C

Compact package options:

- 2.49 x 2.90 mm 41-pin CSP with 27 GPIO

- 4.5 x 4.5 mm 64-pin BGA with 50 GPIO

Applications

- Wearable electronics

- Wireless sensors

- Activity and fitness monitors

- Consumer electronics

- Consumer medical devices

- Smart watches

Description

The Apollo MCU family is an ultra-low power, highly

integrated microcontroller designed for battery-

powered devices including wearable electronics,

activity & fitness monitors, and wireless sensors. By

combining ultra-low power sensor conversion

electronics with the powerful ARM Cortex-M4F

processor, the Apollo MCU enables complex sensor

processing tasks to be completed with

unprecedented battery life. Weeks, months, and

years of battery life are achievable while doing

complex context detection, gesture recognition, and

activity monitoring. The Apollo MCU takes full

advantage of Ambiq Micro’s patented Subthreshold

Power Optimized Technology (SPOT) Platform,

setting a new industry benchmark in low power

design.

The Apollo MCU also integrates up to 512 KB of

flash memory and 64 KB of RAM to accommodate

radio and sensor overhead while still leaving plenty

of space for application code. This microcontroller

also includes a serial master and UART port for

communicating with radios and sensors including

accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers.

Apollo Datasheet

Apollo MCU Datasheet Rev. 0.9 Page 2 of 384 2015 Ambiq Micro, Inc.

Contents

1. Package Pins ..................................................................................................... 23

1.1 Pin Configuration ......................................................................................... 23

1.2 Pin Connections .......................................................................................... 24

2. System Core ...................................................................................................... 32

3. MCU Core Details .............................................................................................. 33

3.1 Interrupts And Events .................................................................................. 34

3.2 Memory Map ................................................................................................ 35

3.3 Memory Protection Unit (MPU) .................................................................... 36

3.4 System Busses ............................................................................................ 37

3.5 Power Management .................................................................................... 37

3.5.1 Cortex M4F Power Modes .................................................................. 37

3.6 Debug Interfaces ......................................................................................... 38

3.6.1 Debugger Attachment ......................................................................... 38

3.6.2 Instrumentation Trace Macrocell (ITM) ............................................... 38

3.6.3 Trace Port Interface Unit (TPIU) ......................................................... 38

3.6.4 Faulting Address Trapping Hardware ................................................. 39

3.7 ITM Registers .............................................................................................. 39

3.7.1 Register Memory Map ......................................................................... 39

3.7.2 ITM Registers ...................................................................................... 41

3.8 MCUCTRL Registers ................................................................................... 66

3.8.1 Register Memory Map ......................................................................... 66

3.8.2 MCUCTRL Registers .......................................................................... 67

4. Memory Subsystem .......................................................................................... 79

4.1 Flash and OTP Memory Subsystem ............................................................ 79

4.1.1 Features .............................................................................................. 79

4.1.2 Functional Overview ............................................................................ 80

4.1.3 Directly Called Flash Helper Functions ............................................... 80

4.1.4 Debugger Invoked Helper Functions ................................................... 83

4.1.5 HAL Support for the Flash Helper Functions ...................................... 85

5. I2C/SPI Master Module ..................................................................................... 88

5.1 Functional Overview .................................................................................... 88

5.2 Interface Clock Generation .......................................................................... 88

5.2.1 Command Operation ........................................................................... 89

5.2.2 FIFO .................................................................................................... 89

5.2.3 I2C Interface ........................................................................................ 90

5.2.4 SPI Operations .................................................................................... 94

5.2.5 Repeating a Command ....................................................................... 98

5.2.6 Bit Orientation ..................................................................................... 98

5.2.7 Minimizing Power ................................................................................ 98

5.3 IOMSTR Registers ...................................................................................... 99

5.3.1 Register Memory Map ......................................................................... 99

Apollo Datasheet

Apollo MCU Datasheet Rev. 0.9 Page 3 of 384 2015 Ambiq Micro, Inc.

5.3.2 IOMSTR Registers ............................................................................ 100

6. I2C/SPI Slave Module ...................................................................................... 111

6.1 Functional Overview .................................................................................. 111

6.2 Local RAM Allocation ................................................................................ 111

6.3 Direct Area Functions ................................................................................ 112

6.4 FIFO Area Functions ................................................................................. 113

6.5 Rearranging the FIFO ................................................................................ 114

6.6 Interface Interrupts .................................................................................... 114

6.7 Host Address Space and Registers ........................................................... 114

6.8 I2C Interface .............................................................................................. 114

6.8.1 Bus Not Busy .................................................................................... 115

6.8.2 Start Data Transfer ............................................................................ 115

6.8.3 Stop Data Transfer ............................................................................ 115

6.8.4 Data Valid .......................................................................................... 115

6.8.5 Acknowledge ..................................................................................... 115

6.8.6 Address Operation ............................................................................ 116

6.8.7 Offset Address Transmission ............................................................ 116

6.8.8 Write Operation ................................................................................. 117

6.8.9 Read Operation ................................................................................. 117

6.8.10 General Address Detection ............................................................. 118

6.9 SPI Interface .............................................................................................. 118

6.9.1 Write Operation ................................................................................. 118

6.9.2 Read Operation ................................................................................. 119

6.9.3 Configuring 3-wire vs. 4-wire SPI Mode ............................................ 119

6.9.4 SPI Polarity and Phase ..................................................................... 119

6.10 Bit Orientation .......................................................................................... 120

6.11 Wakeup Using the I2C/SPI Slave ............................................................ 120

6.12 IOSLAVE Registers ................................................................................. 121

6.12.1 Register Memory Map ..................................................................... 121

6.12.2 IOSLAVE Registers ......................................................................... 122

6.13 Host Side Address Space and Register .................................................. 134

6.13.1 Host Address Space and Registers ................................................ 134

7. GPIO and Pad Configuration Module ............................................................ 139

7.1 Functional Overview .................................................................................. 139

7.2 Pad Configuration Functions ..................................................................... 139

7.3 General Purpose I/O (GPIO) Functions ..................................................... 142

7.3.1 Configuring the GPIO Functions ....................................................... 142

7.3.2 Reading from a GPIO Pad ................................................................ 142

7.3.3 Writing to a GPIO Pad ....................................................................... 142

7.3.4 GPIO Interrupts ................................................................................. 142

7.4 Pad Connection Summary ......................................................................... 143

7.4.1 Output Selection ................................................................................ 143

7.4.2 Output Control ................................................................................... 143

7.4.3 Input Control ...................................................................................... 145

Apollo Datasheet

Apollo MCU Datasheet Rev. 0.9 Page 4 of 384 2015 Ambiq Micro, Inc.

7.4.4 Pull-up Control .................................................................................. 145

7.4.5 Analog Pad Configuration ................................................................. 145

7.5 Module-specific Pad Configuration ............................................................ 145

7.5.1 Implementing IO Master Connections ............................................... 145

7.5.2 Implementing IO Slave Connections ................................................. 149

7.5.3 Implementing Counter/Timer Connections ........................................ 152

7.5.4 Implementing UART Connections ..................................................... 153

7.5.5 Implementing GPIO Connections ...................................................... 154

7.5.6 Implementing CLKOUT Connections ................................................ 155

7.5.7 Implementing ADC Connections ....................................................... 155

7.5.8 Implementing Voltage Comparator Connections .............................. 156

7.5.9 Implementing the Software Debug Port Connections ....................... 156

7.6 GPIO Registers ......................................................................................... 157

7.6.1 Register Memory Map ....................................................................... 157

7.6.2 GPIO Registers ................................................................................. 158

8. Clock Generator and Real Time Clock Module ............................................ 224

8.1 Clock Generator ........................................................................................ 224

8.1.1 Functional Overview .......................................................................... 224

8.1.2 Low Frequency RC Oscillator (LFRC) ............................................... 225

8.1.3 High Precision XT Oscillator (XT) ..................................................... 225

8.1.4 High Frequency RC Oscillator (HFRC) ............................................. 226

8.1.5 HFRC Autoadjustment ...................................................................... 226

8.1.6 CLKOUT selection ............................................................................ 227

8.1.7 Frequency Measurement .................................................................. 227

8.1.8 Generating 100 Hz ............................................................................ 227

8.1.9 XT Oscillator Failure Detection ......................................................... 228

8.1.10 HFRC Stability Delay ...................................................................... 228

8.1.11 CLKGEN Registers ......................................................................... 229

8.2 Real Time Clock ........................................................................................ 241

8.2.1 RTC Functional Overview ................................................................. 241

8.2.2 Calendar Counters ............................................................................ 241

8.2.3 Calendar Counter Reads .................................................................. 242

8.2.4 Alarms ............................................................................................... 242

8.2.5 12/24 Hour Mode .............................................................................. 243

8.2.6 Century Control and Leap Year Management .................................. 243

8.2.7 Weekday Function ............................................................................ 243

8.2.8 RTC Registers ................................................................................... 243

9. Counter/Timer Module .................................................................................... 252

9.1 Functional Overview .................................................................................. 252

9.2 Counter/Timer Functions ........................................................................... 252

9.2.1 Single Count (FN = 0) ....................................................................... 253

9.2.2 Repeated Count (FN = 1) .................................................................. 253

9.2.3 Single Pulse (FN = 2) ........................................................................ 254

9.2.4 Repeated Pulse (FN = 3) .................................................................. 254

Apollo Datasheet

Apollo MCU Datasheet Rev. 0.9 Page 5 of 384 2015 Ambiq Micro, Inc.

9.2.5 Continuous (FN = 4) .......................................................................... 255

9.3 Creating 32-bit Counters ........................................................................... 256

9.4 Power Optimization by Measuring HCLK .................................................. 256

9.5 Generating the Sample Rate for the ADC ................................................. 256

9.6 Measuring Buck Converter Charge Insertion ............................................ 256

9.7 CTIMER Registers ..................................................................................... 257

9.7.1 Register Memory Map ....................................................................... 257

9.7.2 CTIMER Registers ............................................................................ 258

10. Watchdog Timer Module .............................................................................. 280

10.1 Functional Overview ................................................................................ 280

10.2 WDT Registers ........................................................................................ 281

10.2.1 Register Memory Map ..................................................................... 281

10.2.2 WDT Registers ................................................................................ 281

11. Reset Generator Module .............................................................................. 286

11.1 Functional Overview ................................................................................ 286

11.2 External Reset Pin ................................................................................... 286

11.3 Power-on Event ....................................................................................... 287

11.4 Brown-out Event ...................................................................................... 287

11.5 Software Reset ........................................................................................ 287

11.6 Watchdog Expiration ............................................................................... 287

11.7 RSTGEN Registers ................................................................................. 288

11.7.1 Register Memory Map ..................................................................... 288

11.7.2 RSTGEN Registers ......................................................................... 288

11.7.3 CFG Register .................................................................................. 288

12. UART Module ................................................................................................ 295

12.1 Features .................................................................................................. 295

12.2 Functional Overview ................................................................................ 295

12.3 Enabling and Selecting the UART Clock ................................................. 296

12.4 Configuration ........................................................................................... 296

12.5 Transmit FIFO and Receive FIFO ........................................................... 296

12.6 UART Registers ....................................................................................... 297

12.6.1 Register Memory Map ..................................................................... 297

12.6.2 UART Registers .............................................................................. 297

13. ADC and Temperature Sensor Module ....................................................... 309

13.1 Features .................................................................................................. 309

13.2 Functional Overview ................................................................................ 310

13.2.1 Clock Source and Dividers .............................................................. 310

13.2.2 13 Channel Analog Mux .................................................................. 310

13.2.3 Triggering and Trigger Sources ...................................................... 310

13.2.4 Voltage Reference Sources ............................................................ 311

13.2.5 Eight Automatically Managed Conversion Slots ............................. 311

13.2.6 Automatic Sample Accumulation and Scaling ................................. 312

13.2.7 Eight Entry Result FIFO .................................................................. 313

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2023-05-20

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