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Java Native Interface 6.0 Specification (JNI) 原创PDF书签

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JNI调用的参考文档, 做java本地调用的时候必备的参考手册最新官方文档整理成 PDF 版 + 书签 (http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/jni/spec/jniTOC.html)

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Java Native Interface Specification—Contents

1. Introduction

Java Native Interface Overview

Background

JDK 1.0 Native Method Interface

Java Runtime Interface

Raw Native Interface and Java/COM Interface

Objectives

Java Native Interface Approach

Programming to the JNI

Changes in JDK 1.1.2

2. Design Overview

JNI Interface Functions and Pointers

Compiling, Loading and Linking Native Methods

Resolving Native Method Names

Native Method Arguments

Referencing Java Objects

Global and Local References

Implementing Local References

Accessing Java Objects

Accessing Primitive Arrays

Accessing Fields and Methods

Reporting Programming Errors

Java Exceptions

Exceptions and Error Codes

Asynchronous Exceptions

Exception Handling

3. JNI Types and Data Structures

Primitive Types

Reference Types

Field and Method IDs

The Value Type

Type Signatures

Modified UTF-8 Strings

4. JNI Functions

Interface Function Table

Version Information

Oracle Technology Network Software Downloads Documentation

GetVersion

Class Operations

DefineClass

FindClass

GetSuperclass

IsAssignableFrom

Exceptions

Throw

ThrowNew

ExceptionOccurred

ExceptionDescribe

ExceptionClear

FatalError

ExceptionCheck

Global and Local References

NewGlobalRef

DeleteGlobalRef

DeleteLocalRef

EnsureLocalCapacity

PushLocalFrame

PopLocalFrame

NewLocalRef

Weak Global References

NewWeakGlobalRef

DeleteWeakGlobalRef

Object Operations

AllocObject

NewObject, NewObjectA, and NewObjectV

GetObjectClass

GetObjectRefType

IsInstanceOf

IsSameObject

Accessing Fields of Objects

GetFieldID

Get<type>Field Routines

Set<type>Field Routines

Calling Instance Methods

GetMethodID

Call<type>Method Routines, Call<type>MethodA Routines, and Call<type>MethodV Routines

CallNonvirtual<type>Method Routines, CallNonvirtual<type>MethodA Routines, and CallNonvirtual<type>MethodV Routines

Accessing Static Fields

GetStaticFieldID

GetStatic<type>Field Routines

SetStatic<type>Field Routines

Calling Static Methods

GetStaticMethodID

CallStatic<type>Method Routines, CallStatic<type>MethodA Routines, and CallStatic<type>MethodV Routines

String Operations

NewString

GetStringLength

GetStringChars

ReleaseStringChars

NewStringUTF

GetStringUTFLength

GetStringUTFChars

ReleaseStringUTFChars

GetStringRegion

GetStringUTFRegion

GetStringCritical

Release StringCritical

Array Operations

GetArrayLength

NewObjectArray

GetObjectArrayElement

SetObjectArrayElement

New<PrimitiveType>Array Routines

Get<PrimitiveType>ArrayElements Routines

Release<PrimitiveType>ArrayElements Routines

Get<PrimitiveType>ArrayRegion Routines

Set<PrimitiveType>ArrayRegion Routines

GetPrimitiveArrayCritical

ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical

Registering Native Methods

RegisterNatives

UnregisterNatives

Monitor Operations

MonitorEnter

MonitorExit

NIO Support

NewDirectByteBuffer

GetDirectBufferAddress

GetDirectBufferCapacity

Reflection Support

FromReflectedMethod

FromReflectedField

ToReflectedMethod

ToReflectedField

Java VM Interface

GetJavaVM

5. The Invocation API

Overview

Creating the VM

Attaching to the VM

Unloading the VM

Library and Version Management

JNI_OnLoad

JNI_OnUnload

Invocation API Functions

JNI_GetDefaultJavaVMInitArgs

JNI_GetCreatedJavaVMs

JNI_CreateJavaVM

DestroyJavaVM

AttachCurrentThread

AttachCurrentThreadAsDaemon

DetachCurrentThread

GetEnv

Contents | Previous |

Contents

Introduction

Chapter

This chapter introduces the Java Native Interface (JNI). The JNI is a native programming interface. It allows Java code that runs inside a Java

Virtual Machine (VM) to interoperate with applications and libraries written in other programming languages, such as C, C++, and assembly.

The most important benefit of the JNI is that it imposes no restrictions on the implementation of the underlying Java VM. Therefore, Java VM

vendors can add support for the JNI without affecting other parts of the VM. Programmers can write one version of a native application or library

and expect it to work with all Java VMs supporting the JNI.

This chapter covers the following topics:

Java Native Interface Overview

Background

Objectives

Java Native Interface Approach

Programming to the JNI

Changes

Java Native Interface Overview

While you can write applications entirely in Java, there are situations where Java alone does not meet the needs of your application.

Programmers use the JNI to write Java native methods to handle those situations when an application cannot be written entirely in Java.

The following examples illustrate when you need to use Java native methods:

The standard Java class library does not support the platform-dependent features needed by the application.

You already have a library written in another language, and wish to make it accessible to Java code through the JNI.

You want to implement a small portion of time-critical code in a lower-level language such as assembly.

By programming through the JNI, you can use native methods to:

Create, inspect, and update Java objects (including arrays and strings).

Call Java methods.

Catch and throw exceptions.

Load classes and obtain class information.

Perform runtime type checking.

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