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Guide to the Enterprise Architecture Body of Knowledge
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Guide to the Enterprise Architecture Body of Knowledge
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EABOK DRAFT
Public release approved; distribution unlimited
Case No. 04-0104, 04-0105
Guide to the (Evolving) Enterprise Architecture Body of Knowledge
Draft
6 February 2004
EABOK
A Project of The MITRE Corporation
Editor
MITRE
McLean, Virginia
Dr. Paula J. Hagan, W900, The MITRE Corporation
© 2004 The MITRE Corporation
Not an official position of The MITRE Corporation
Draft Working Materials – There may be errors and inconsistencies in the
materials herein
2004 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved. This is the copyright work of the MITRE Corporation. For further
information, please contact The MITRE Corporation, Contracts Office, 7515 Colshire Drive, McLean, VA 22102 (703)
883-6000.
MITRE Corporation 1
EABOK DRAFT
Public release approved; distribution unlimited
Case No. 04-0104, 04-0105
Table of Contents
Participants.......................................................................................................................... 5
1. Introduction to the Guide................................................................................................ 6
2. EA Charter and Context................................................................................................ 12
2.1 Evolution of the Definition of Enterprise Architecture .......................................... 12
2.2 EA Legislation and Guidance................................................................................. 17
2.2.1 The Evolution of EA-Related Legislation ....................................................... 17
2.2.2 United States Code Sections Relevant to EA .................................................. 19
) Reference Model (NCOW RM)
3.4
2.2.3 Refining EA Guidance through OMB Circulars.............................................. 19
2.2.4 EA Guidance from the CIO Council................................................................ 20
2.5 Historical Developments in EA .............................................................................. 22
3. Foundational Practices and Tools for EA Development............................................... 26
3.1 Enterprise Architecture Frameworks ...................................................................... 28
3.1.1 What is an Enterprise Architecture Framework?............................................. 28
3.1.2 The Zachman EA Framework – Foundational Ideas ....................................... 29
3.1.3 Overview of Major Federally-Sponsored Frameworks ................................... 31
3.1.4 State and Industry-Sponsored Frameworks ..................................................... 40
3.1.5 Comparing Frameworks................................................................................... 41
3.2 Reference Models and Reference Architectures..................................................... 44
3.2.1 OMB Reference Models: The Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA) ........... 44
3.2.2 Net-Centric Operations and Warfare (NCOW
- Future...................................................................................................................... 57
3.2.3 The Global Information Grid (GIG) – Future.................................................. 57
3.3 Processes for Developing the EA ........................................................................... 58
3.3.1 Introduction...................................................................................................... 58
3.3.2 DODAF Six Step Process ................................................................................ 58
3.3.3 MetaGroup Process Model .............................................................................. 59
3.3.4 Spewak’s Enterprise Architecture Planning .................................................... 60
3.3.5 Practical Guide Process.................................................................................... 62
3.3.6 TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM) ...................................... 63
3.3.7 Levis Process for Developing Products for the C4ISR (DODAF) Framework63
3.3.8 Other EA Development Processes ................................................................... 64
Modeling Methods ............................................................................................ 66
3.4.1 Introduction...................................................................................................... 66
3.4.2 The Business Process Model ........................................................................... 67
3.4.3 The Data Model – Future ................................................................................. 82
3.4.4 Other Modeling Methods – Future .................................................................. 82
3.5 Architecture Modeling Tools.................................................................................. 83
3.5.1 Types of Architecture Tools and Users ........................................................... 84
3.5.2 Tool Assessment Criteria ................................................................................. 86
3.5.3 Assessment Approach ...................................................................................... 89
3.5.4 Issues with Choosing a Tool............................................................................ 90
3.5.5 Issues with Organizational Use of Automated Tools ...................................... 91
3.5.6 Recommended Solution ................................................................................... 91
Dummy heading to clear text ............................................................................................ 92
MITRE Corporation 2
EABOK DRAFT
Public release approved; distribution unlimited
Case No. 04-0104, 04-0105
4. Establishing and Managing the EA Program................................................................ 93
4.3.1 Determining the Information Needed for the Enterprise Architecture ............ 95
4.3.2 Tailoring EA Products for Specific Circumstances .................................. 97
4.5 Risks...................................................................................................................... 104
4.9 Maturing Agency EA Efforts............................................................................... 106
4.9.1 Vision, Values, and Leadership ..................................................................... 106
4.9.2 Areas of Responsibility and Establishing Cooperation ................................. 106
4.9.3 Purpose and Scope......................................................................................... 107
4.9.4 Simplifications for the Initial EA Products.................................................... 107
4.9.5 Initial and Maturing Processes....................................................................... 107
5. Engineering the EA..................................................................................................... 110
5.1 Engineering Issues for EA Views ......................................................................... 110
5.1.1 The Business Architecture View – FUTURE ................................................ 110
5.1.2 The Data Architecture View .......................................................................... 111
5.1.3 Infrastructure – Future ................................................................................... 115
5.1.4 Security .......................................................................................................... 115
5.3 Component-Based Architectures – Future............................................................ 116
5.4 Federated Architectures – Future.......................................................................... 116
5.5 Using Reference Models and Reference Architectures – Future.......................... 116
5.6 Issues with Legacy Systems – Future ................................................................... 116
5.8 Achieving Flexibility to Incorporate New Technology - Future .......................... 126
5.9 Sequencing Plan – Future ..................................................................................... 126
6. Using the Enterprise Architecture............................................................................... 127
6.1 Compliance within the Service or Agency – Future ............................................. 127
6.2 EA Use in Transformation - Future ...................................................................... 127
6.2.1 Financial......................................................................................................... 127
6.2.2 Business Operations – EA Use in BPR and Process Improvement – Future. 128
6.2.3 Technical – EA Use in Systems Design and Engineering – FUTURE.......... 129
6.2.4 Organizational – EA Use in Organizational Change Management ............... 129
7. Evaluating EA............................................................................................................. 130
7.1 EA Maturity Models ............................................................................................. 130
7.2 Seven High-Level EA Evaluation Criteria ........................................................... 132
7.3 Assessment of EA Products - Future .................................................................... 134
7.4 Assessment of EA Development Processes - Future ............................................ 134
7.5 Assessment of EA Usage Processes – Future ....................................................... 135
7.6 Assessment of EA Resources – Future ................................................................. 135
8. Lessons Learned and Practical Experience................................................................. 136
EABOK Glossary............................................................................................................ 138
MITRE Corporation 3
EABOK DRAFT
Public release approved; distribution unlimited
Case No. 04-0104, 04-0105
Forward, Preface, Next Steps, Acknowledgements - FUTURE
Acknowledgement
Thanks to Frank Driscoll for championing the idea of a Guide to the EABOK and
supporting the effort.
Next Steps
Consensus
Best practices
EE
Revised February 6, 2004
Enhancement
MITRE Corporation 4
EABOK DRAFT
Public release approved; distribution unlimited
Case No. 04-0104, 04-0105
Participants
Originator – Frank Driscoll
Contributors
Reviewers
Arries, Donald
Anderson, John
Dandashi, Fatma
Cane, Sheila
Dello Russo, Francis M.
Garvey, Paul R.
Hagan, Paula J.
Reedy, Ann
Woodward, Beverly S.
Yokley, Charles A.
Driscoll Jr., Francis B.
Klingler, Carol
Sowell, P. Kathie
Taylor, Sally
Yokley, Charles A.
Mularz, Diane
Dandashi, Fatma
MITRE Corporation 5
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