《语义网与知识图谱》实验手册
实验四 描述逻辑及语义
目的：
（1） 熟悉描述逻辑的基本语法，并掌握利用描述逻辑进行知识表示的方法。
（2） 了解描述逻辑的简单推理。
V ⊆ ∩ ∪ ∧ ∀ ∃ ⊥ ⊤ ≡ ┐ ≥
内容：
【 习 题 1 】 Translate the ontology which you created as a solution for Exercise 【 2 】 in
Experiment 3 into DL syntax.描述逻辑
The class Vegetable is a subclass of PizzaTopping.（披萨配料）
The class PizzaTopping does not share any elements with the class Pizza.
The individual aubergine is an element of the class Vegetable.
The abstract role hasTopping is only used for relationships between elements of the classes
Pizza and PizzaTopping.
The class VegPizza consists of those elements which are in the class NoMeatPizza and in the
class NoFishPizza.
The role hasTopping is a subrole of hasIngredient.
答：
1. Vegetable ⊆ PizzaTopping
2.PizzaTopping ∧Pizza ⊆⊥
3.Vegetable(aubergine)
4.∃hasTopping.⊤⊑ Pizza
⊤⊑∀hasTopping.PizzaTopping
5.VegPizza ≡ NoMeatPizza NoFishPizza∧
6.hasIngredient ⊑ hasTopping
【 习 题 2 】 Translate the ontology which you created as a solution for Exercise 【 2 】 in
Experiment 3 into predicate logic syntax.谓词逻辑
The class Vegetable is a subclass of PizzaTopping.（披萨配料）
The class PizzaTopping does not share any elements with the class Pizza.
The individual aubergine is an element of the class Vegetable.
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