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Posix标准接口文档(英文版).pdf
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Draft Standard for Information Technology—Portable Operating System Interface
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IEEE P1003.1 Draft 3, 15 June 2007/The Open Group Technical Standard, Issue 7
Copyright 2007 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
This is an Unapproved Standards Draft, Subject to Change
IEEE P1003.1™, Draft 3
Draft Standard for Information Technology—
Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX
®
)
Sponsor
Portable Applications Standards Committee
of the
IEEE Computer Society
and
The Open Group
Copyright © 2007 The Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.
3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA
Copyright © 2007 The Open Group
Thames Tower, Station Road, Reading, Berkshire RG1 1LX, UK
All rights reserved.
Except as permitted below, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without
the prior permission of the copyright owners. This is an unapproved draft, subject to change. Permission is
hereby granted for Austin Group participants to reproduce this document for purposes of IEEE, The Open
Group, and JTC1 standardization activities. Other entities seeking permission to reproduce this document for
standardization purposes or other activities must contact the copyright owners for an appropriate license. Use of
information contained within this unapproved draft is at your own risk.

IEEE P1003.1 Draft 3, 15 June 2007/The Open Group Technical Standard, Issue 7
Copyright 2007 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
This is an Unapproved Standards Draft, Subject to Change
Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of
subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken
with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The
IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents or patent applications for which a
license may be required to implement an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the
legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.

IEEE P1003.1 Draft 3, 15 June 2007/The Open Group Technical Standard, Issue 7
Copyright 2007 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
This is an Unapproved Standards Draft, Subject to Change
Draft Standard for Information Technology—
Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX
®
)
Draft Technical Standard: Base Specifications, Issue 7
Prepared by the Austin Group (www.opengroup.org/austin)
Copyright © 2007 The Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.
3Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA
Copyright © 2007 The Open Group
Thames Tower,Station Road, Reading, BerkshireRG1 1LX, UK
All rights reserved.
Except as permitted below,nopart of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form
or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright
owners. This is an unapproved draft, subject to change. Permission is hereby granted for Austin Group participants to reproduce
this document for purposes of IEEE, The Open Group, and JTC1 standardization activities. Other entities seeking permission to
reproduce this document for standardization purposes or other activities must contact the copyright owners for an appropriate
license. Use of information contained within this unapproved draft is at your own risk.
Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standardmay requireuse of subject matter covered by patent rights.
By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection
therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents or patent applications for which a license may be required to
implement an IEEE standardorfor conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that arebrought to its
attention.
Base Specifications, Issue 7 —Copyright © 2001-200x, IEEE and The Open Group. All rights reserved. i
Copyright (C) 2007 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
This is an Unapproved Standards Draft, Subject to Change

IEEE P1003.1 Draft 3, 15 June 2007/The Open Group Technical Standard, Issue 7
Copyright 2007 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
This is an Unapproved Standards Draft, Subject to Change
Abstract
POSIX.1-200x defines a standardoperating system interface and environment, including a command interpreter (or ‘‘shell’’), and
common utility programs to support applications portability at the source code level. POSIX.1-200x is intended to be used by both
application developers and system implementors and comprises four major components (each in an associated volume):
• General terms, concepts, and interfaces common to all volumes of this standard, including utility conventions and C-language
header definitions, areincluded in the Base Definitions volume.
• Definitions for system service functions and subroutines, language-specific system services for the C programming language,
function issues, including portability,error handling, and error recovery,are included in the System Interfaces volume.
• Definitions for a standardsource code-level interface to command interpretation services (a ‘‘shell’’) and common utility
programs for application programs areincluded in the Shell and Utilities volume.
• Extended rationale that did not fit well into the rest of the document structure, which contains historical information
concerning the contents of POSIX.1-200x and why features wereincluded or discarded by the standarddevelopers, is included
in the Rationale (Informative) volume.
The following areas areoutside the scope of POSIX.1-200x:
• Graphics interfaces
• Database management system interfaces
• RecordI/O considerations
• Object or binary code portability
• System configuration and resource availability
POSIX.1-200x describes the external characteristics and facilities that areofimportance to application developers, rather than the
internal construction techniques employed to achieve these capabilities. Special emphasis is placed on those functions and facilities
that areneeded in a wide variety of commercial applications.
Keywords
application program interface (API), argument, asynchronous, basic regular expression (BRE), batch job, batch system, built-in
utility,byte, child, command language interpreter,CPU, extended regular expression (ERE), FIFO, file access control mechanism,
input/output (I/O), job control, network, portable operating system interface (POSIX
®
), parent, shell, stream, string, synchronous,
system, thread, X/Open System Interface (XSI)
Feedback
POSIX.1-200x has been prepared by the Austin Group. Feedback relating to the material contained in POSIX.1-200x may be
submitted using the Austin Group web site at www.opengroup.org/austin/bugreport.html.
ii Base Specifications, Issue 7 —Copyright © 2001-200x, IEEE and The Open Group. All rights reserved.
Copyright (C) 2007 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
This is an Unapproved Standards Draft, Subject to Change

IEEE P1003.1 Draft 3, 15 June 2007/The Open Group Technical Standard, Issue 7
Copyright 2007 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
This is an Unapproved Standards Draft, Subject to Change
Contents
Volume 1 Base Definitions, Issue 7............................................................ 1
Chapter 1 Introduction........................................................................................... 3
1.1 Scope ......................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Conformance............................................................................................ 4
1.3 Normative References ............................................................................ 4
1.4 Change History ....................................................................................... 5
1.5 Terminology ............................................................................................. 5
1.6 Definitions and Concepts....................................................................... 6
1.7 Portability................................................................................................. 6
1.7.1 Codes ..................................................................................................... 7
1.7.2 Margin Code Notation ........................................................................ 13
Chapter 2 Conformance......................................................................................... 15
2.1 Implementation Conformance .............................................................. 15
2.1.1 Requirements ........................................................................................ 15
2.1.2 Documentation ..................................................................................... 15
2.1.3 POSIX Conformance ............................................................................ 16
2.1.3.1 POSIX System Interfaces.................................................................. 16
2.1.3.2 POSIX Shell and Utilities ................................................................. 18
2.1.4 XSI Conformance ................................................................................. 19
2.1.4.1 XSI System Interfaces ....................................................................... 19
2.1.4.2 XSI Shell and Utilities Conformance .............................................. 20
2.1.5 Option Groups ...................................................................................... 20
2.1.5.1 Subprofiling Considerations............................................................ 20
2.1.5.2 XSI Option Groups ............................................................................ 21
2.1.6 Options .................................................................................................. 25
2.1.6.1 System Interfaces ............................................................................... 26
2.1.6.2 Shell and Utilities .............................................................................. 26
2.2 Application Conformance ...................................................................... 28
2.2.1 Strictly Conforming POSIX Application........................................... 28
2.2.2 Conforming POSIX Application ........................................................ 29
2.2.2.1 ISO/IEC Conforming POSIX Application..................................... 29
2.2.2.2 <National Body> Conforming POSIX Application...................... 29
2.2.3 Conforming POSIX Application Using Extensions......................... 29
2.2.4 Strictly Conforming XSI Application ................................................ 30
2.2.5 Conforming XSI Application Using Extensions .............................. 30
2.3 Language-Dependent Services for the C Programming
Language .................................................................................................. 30
2.4 Other Language-Related Specifications............................................... 31
Chapter 3 Definitions ............................................................................................. 33
3.1 Abortive Release ...................................................................................... 33
3.2 Absolute Pathname ................................................................................. 33
3.3 Access Mode ............................................................................................ 33
Base Specifications, Issue 7 —Copyright © 2001-200x, IEEE and The Open Group. All rights reserved. iii
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Copyright (C) 2007 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved
This is an Unapproved Standards Draft, Subject to Change
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