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首页商业期刊分级:ABS,ABDC和JCR四分位数的比较分析并提出基于算法的分类-研究论文
在衡量商业研究中的学术期刊时,存在多种期刊排名。 其中,ABS(AJG),ABDC和JCR四分位数在全球商学院中广泛使用。 根据其学术表现对商业期刊进行评分哪个更好? 在这项研究中,我们使用了主成分分析(PCA)和与理想解决方案相似的优先顺序技术(TOPSIS),并基于六个指标对103种商业期刊进行了评估。 然后,我们提出了一种基于TOPSIS分数的等级模拟方法来模拟原始等级,结果表明JCR四分位数最接近我们的模拟,而ABDC和ABS分别排名第二和第三。 最后,利用K-means聚类算法,我们根据ABS,ABDC,JCR四分位数和TOPSIS分数将期刊分为四个序数类。
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Grading business journals: A comparative analysis of ABS, ABDC and JCR
quartiles and proposing an algorithm based classification
Tenghao Zhang
a
a
School of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.
Abstract
There are multiple journal rankings in measuring academic journals in business
research. Among them, ABS (AJG), ABDC and JCR quartiles are extensively used in
business schools across the globe. Which is better in grading business journals based
upon their academic performance? In this study, we used the Principal Component
Analysis (PCA) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution
(TOPSIS) and evaluated 103 business journals based on six indicators. Then we
proposed a grading simulation approach to simulate the original grades based on the
TOPSIS scores and the results suggest that the JCR quartile is the closest to our
simulation, while ABDC and ABS ranked second and third respectively. Lastly,
drawing on the K-means clustering algorithm, we grouped the journals into four ordinal
classes based on ABS, ABDC, JCR quartile and TOPSIS scores.
Keywords Journal rankings · Business journals · TOPSIS · K-means
clustering· JCR · ABDC · ABS
Introduction
Journal grading has been used for the evaluation of research performance within and
across institutions in many countries (Hirschberg & Lye, 2020). Business journals
comprise a significant portion of social science journals in academia, and there are
multiple business journal rankings proposed by different institutions. In this paper, we
are focusing on three commonly referenced business journal rankings or classifications,
which are: the UK’s Chartered Association of Business Schools’ Journal Guide (ABS),
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ABS sometimes is also referred to as “AJG” since its title has changed to “Academic Journal
Guide by Chartered ABS” in 2018. But this paper will stick with the term ABS in order to avoid
confusion.
Contact: Tenghao Zhang ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6686-6777
Email: tenghaoz@our.ecu.edu.au
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3826191

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Australian Business Deans Council’s List (ABDC) and Journal Citation Reports’ (JCR)
journal quartiles released by Clarivate Analytics. These rankings are not exclusively for
business journals, for example, ABS and ABDC also cover many economic and
psychological journals, while JCR includes journals across almost all disciplines.
Nevertheless, ABS and ABDC are both business-focused and proposed by business
research organizations, while JCR provides a “business” category among its indexed
journals, such that all three assessments can serve as important criteria in gauging the
research output of business journals.
The three rankings, however, taking very distinct approaches in assessing business
journals. ABS employs a combination of expert panels and objective data
measurements from various metrics such as JCR and SCImago Journal Rank (Krueger,
2017). ABDC’s methodology is predominantly subjective which is validated by panels
of experts (Moosa, 2016). The JCR quartiles, on the other hand, is solely based on every
year’s Journal Impact Factors (JIF) published by Clarivate Analytics. Journals in the
same research field are partitioned into four equal groups in which Q1 refers to journals
with the highest 25% of JIFs of the previous year. In a nutshell, the three rankings
represent three conventional techniques in academic journal assessment: subjective
(ABDC), objective (JCR) and mixture (ABS). While each ranking is not without its
critics (Hussain, 2015; Lariviere & Sugimoto, 2019; Moosa, 2016; Zhang, 2021), in
this study, we aim to quantitatively evaluate and compare the three rankings using
uniform standards. Moreover, based on the evaluation results, we endeavour to propose
an algorithm-based business journal classification, which can serve as an alternative
reference for business journal grading.
Data
First, journal selection. To facilitate data analysis, we stipulated the candidate journals
to be included in the latest versions of ABS, ABDC and JCR’s “business” category
concurrently. This has resulted in 126 journals that appeared in ABS (2018), ABDC
(2019) and JCR (2020). Moreover, to exclude some emerging/recently-included
journals that may not have been paid justified attention yet, we required the journals to
have a five-year impact factor in the JCR and the final sample is 103 journals.
Second, indicator selection. To ensure indicators across journals come from a
singular and reliable source, the source must cover all the 103 journals. After
comparisons, we decided to use part of the “key indicators” provided by JCR. There
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3826191

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are 13 key indicators listed on Web of Science and they fall under “impact metrics”,
“influence metrics” and “source metrics” classifications (Leydesdorff, 2006). To be
noted that JCR quartiles are based solely on JIFs, and most other key indicators did not
show significant multicollinearity issues with JIF, such that the results are supposed to
be different from the JCR quartiles. Among the 13 indicators, we excluded those not
directly related to journals’ academic performance, such as citable items, percentage of
articles in citable items, cited and citing half-life (Magri & Solari, 1996). We also
excluded indicators that exhibit a high level of multicollinearity with others: total cites,
Eigenfactor score and average JIF percentile. Accordingly, six indicators were retained:
JIF, 5-year impact factor (IF5), impact factor without journal self-cites (IFNS),
immediacy index (IMI), article influence score (AIS) and normalized Eigenfactor
(NEF). Eigenfactor (EF) is a score that reflects the total importance of a journal, it is
based on articles published in the previous five years and cited in the JCR year, but
citations from highly ranked journals are adjusted to a greater weight (Bergstrom et al.,
2008). In addition, to reduce the self-citation bias (Heneberg, 2016; Van Noorden &
Chawla, 2019), we propose an other-cited rate (OCR) by dividing IFNS by JIF, and
thus IFNS was replaced by OCR. Note that although JIF and IF5 exhibited a moderate
but acceptable level of multicollinearity (VIF= 4.09 < 10), we decided to keep them
both as they measure different aspects of journal influences. A description of the six
indicators is presented in Table 1.
Methodology and data analysis
Determine the weights of indicators
In this study, we employ the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method to determine
indicators’ respective weights. PCA has been applied in various studies to determine
attribute weights (Adler & Golany, 2002; Delchambre, 2015; Liao, 2006; Zhang, 2020).
Although details of methodologies vary, the main steps of applying PCA are to
calculate indicators’ coefficients in the linear combination of principal components
(PC), and then weighted-mean each indicator’s coefficients (normally there will be
more than one PC) and normalise it to obtain the weights. The following shows the
concise steps of weight calculation.
1. Run the PCA test in SPSS (KMO = 0.79, p < 0.001) and obtained two PCs: Z
1
,
Z
2
, which cumulatively explained 80.2% of the total variance.
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3826191
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