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BQ40Z80
Technical Reference
Literature Number: SLUUBT5B
November 2018–Revised October 2019
2
SLUUBT5B–November 2018–Revised October 2019
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Copyright © 2018–2019, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Contents
Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................................... 12
1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 13
2 System Multifunction Pin Configurations .............................................................................. 14
2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 14
2.2 RC2 (Pin 12) Multifunctions............................................................................................... 14
2.2.1 Cell-7 Input (VC7SENSE) ........................................................................................ 14
2.2.2 Thermistor Input (TS3)............................................................................................ 14
2.2.3 ADC Input (ADCIN1).............................................................................................. 14
2.2.4 General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) ......................................................................... 15
2.3 RC3 (Pin 13) Multifunctions............................................................................................... 15
2.3.1 LED Display Button (DISP) ...................................................................................... 15
2.3.2 Thermistor Input (TS4)............................................................................................ 15
2.3.3 ADC Input (ADCIN2).............................................................................................. 15
2.3.4 General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) ......................................................................... 15
2.4 RH2 (Pin 15) Multifunctions............................................................................................... 15
2.4.1 Cell-7 Enable (VC7EN) ........................................................................................... 16
2.4.2 LED Display Button (DISP) ...................................................................................... 16
2.4.3 General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) ......................................................................... 16
2.5 RH1 (Pin 16) Multifunctions............................................................................................... 16
2.5.1 Cell-7 Balance Enable (CB7EN) ................................................................................ 16
2.5.2 Pre-Discharge (PDSG) ........................................................................................... 16
2.5.3 General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) ......................................................................... 17
2.6 RH0 (Pin 17) Multifunctions............................................................................................... 17
2.6.1 System Present (PRES).......................................................................................... 17
2.6.2 Emergency FET Shutdown (SHUTDN)......................................................................... 17
2.6.3 LED Display Button (DISP) ...................................................................................... 17
2.6.4 Pre-Discharge (PDSG) ........................................................................................... 17
2.6.5 General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) ......................................................................... 17
2.7 RLX (Pins 20, 21, 22) Multifunctions .................................................................................... 18
2.7.1 LEDs ................................................................................................................ 18
2.7.2 General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) ......................................................................... 18
2.7.3 General Purpose Input Out (GPIO) and Pre-Discharge (PDSG) ........................................... 18
3 Protections........................................................................................................................ 19
3.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 19
3.2 Cell Undervoltage Protection ............................................................................................. 19
3.3 Cell Undervoltage Compensated Protection............................................................................ 19
3.4 Cell Overvoltage Protection............................................................................................... 20
3.5 Overcurrent in Charge Protection ........................................................................................ 21
3.6 Overcurrent in Discharge Protection..................................................................................... 21
3.7 Hardware-Based Protection............................................................................................... 22
3.7.1 Overload in Discharge Protection ............................................................................... 23
3.7.2 Short Circuit in Charge Protection .............................................................................. 23
3.7.3 Short Circuit in Discharge Protection ........................................................................... 24
3.8 Temperature Protections .................................................................................................. 24
3.9 Overtemperature in Charge Protection.................................................................................. 25
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SLUUBT5B–November 2018–Revised October 2019
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Contents
3.10 Overtemperature in Discharge Protection............................................................................... 25
3.11 Overtemperature FET Protection......................................................................................... 26
3.12 Undertemperature in Charge Protection ................................................................................ 26
3.13 Undertemperature in Discharge Protection ............................................................................. 26
3.14 SBS Host Watchdog Protection .......................................................................................... 26
3.15 Precharge Timeout Protection............................................................................................ 27
3.16 Fast Charge Timeout Protection ......................................................................................... 27
3.17 Overcharge Protection..................................................................................................... 27
3.18 Overcharging Voltage Protection......................................................................................... 28
3.19 Overcharging Current Protection......................................................................................... 28
3.20 OverPrecharging Current Protection..................................................................................... 29
4 Permanent Fail................................................................................................................... 30
4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 30
4.1.1 Black Box Recorder............................................................................................... 31
4.2 Safety Cell Undervoltage Permanent Fail............................................................................... 31
4.2.1 SUV Check Option ................................................................................................ 31
4.3 Safety Cell Overvoltage Permanent Fail ................................................................................ 31
4.4 Safety Overcurrent in Charge Permanent Fail ......................................................................... 32
4.5 Safety Overcurrent in Discharge Permanent Fail ...................................................................... 32
4.6 Safety Overtemperature Cell Permanent Fail .......................................................................... 32
4.7 Safety Overtemperature FET Permanent Fail.......................................................................... 32
4.8 QMax Imbalance Permanent Fail ........................................................................................ 33
4.9 Cell Balancing Permanent Fail ........................................................................................... 33
4.10 Impedance Permanent Fail ............................................................................................... 33
4.11 Capacity Degradation Permanent Fail................................................................................... 34
4.12 Voltage Imbalance At Rest Permanent Fail ............................................................................ 34
4.13 Voltage Imbalance Active Permanent Fail .............................................................................. 34
4.14 Charge FET Permanent Fail.............................................................................................. 34
4.15 Discharge FET Permanent Fail........................................................................................... 35
4.16 Chemical Fuse Permanent Fail........................................................................................... 35
4.17 AFE Register Permanent Fail............................................................................................. 35
4.18 AFE Communication Permanent Fail.................................................................................... 35
4.19 Second Level Protection Permanent Fail ............................................................................... 36
4.20 Instruction Flash (IF) Checksum Permanent Fail ...................................................................... 36
4.21 Data Flash (DF) Permanent Fail ......................................................................................... 36
4.22 Open Thermistor Permanent Fail (TS1, TS2, TS3, TS4) ............................................................. 36
5 Advanced Charge Algorithm................................................................................................ 39
5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 39
5.2 Charge Temperature Ranges............................................................................................. 39
5.3 Voltage Range.............................................................................................................. 40
5.3.1 RelativeStateofCharge() Range ................................................................................. 41
5.4 Charging Current ........................................................................................................... 41
5.5 Charging Voltage........................................................................................................... 42
5.6 Valid Charge Termination ................................................................................................. 42
5.7 Charge and Discharge Termination Flags .............................................................................. 43
5.8 Terminate Charge and Discharge Alarms............................................................................... 44
5.9 Precharge ................................................................................................................... 45
5.10 Maintenance Charge....................................................................................................... 45
5.11 Charge Control SMBus Broadcasts...................................................................................... 45
5.12 Charge Disable and Discharge Disable ................................................................................. 46
5.13 Charge Inhibit............................................................................................................... 46
5.14 Charge Suspend ........................................................................................................... 47
5.15 ChargingVoltage() Rate of Change ...................................................................................... 47
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Contents
5.16 ChargingCurrent() Rate of Change ...................................................................................... 47
5.17 Charging Loss Compensation ............................................................................................ 48
5.18 Cycle Count/SOH Based Degradation of Charging Voltage and Current........................................... 48
5.18.1 Cycle Count Based Degradation ............................................................................... 48
5.18.2 SOH Based Degradation........................................................................................ 48
5.18.3 Charging Voltage Degradation Process....................................................................... 49
5.18.4 Optional Charging Current Degradation....................................................................... 49
5.18.5 Charging Current Degradation Process ...................................................................... 49
5.19 Compensation for IR Drop in BMU....................................................................................... 50
5.20 Cell Swelling Control (via Charging Voltage Degradation) ........................................................... 50
6 Power Modes ..................................................................................................................... 52
6.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 52
6.2 NORMAL Mode............................................................................................................. 52
6.2.1 BATTERY PACK REMOVED Mode/System Present Detection ............................................ 52
6.3 SLEEP Mode................................................................................................................ 52
6.3.1 Device Sleep....................................................................................................... 52
6.3.2 IN SYSTEM SLEEP Mode ...................................................................................... 53
6.3.3 ManufacturerAccess() MAC Sleep.............................................................................. 54
6.3.4 Wake Function..................................................................................................... 54
6.4 SHUTDOWN Mode ........................................................................................................ 54
6.4.1 VOLTAGE BASED SHUTDOWN ............................................................................... 54
6.4.2 ManufacturerAccess() MAC Shutdown......................................................................... 55
6.4.3 Time Based Shutdown ........................................................................................... 55
6.4.4 Power Save Shutdown ........................................................................................... 55
6.5 Option to Manage Unintended Wakeup from Shutdown.............................................................. 56
6.6 Emergency FET Shutdown (EMSHUT) ................................................................................. 56
6.6.1 Enter Emergency FET Shutdown Through SHUTDN ........................................................ 57
6.6.2 Enter Emergency FET Shutdown Through MFC.............................................................. 57
6.6.3 Exit Emergency FET Shutdown ................................................................................ 57
6.7 Current Scaling ............................................................................................................. 57
7 Gauging ............................................................................................................................ 59
7.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 59
7.2 Impedance Track Configuration .......................................................................................... 59
7.3 Gas Gauge Modes ......................................................................................................... 60
7.4 QMax and Ra ............................................................................................................... 62
7.4.1 QMax Initial Values ............................................................................................... 63
7.4.2 QMax Update Conditions......................................................................................... 63
7.4.3 Fast Qmax Update Conditions .................................................................................. 64
7.4.4 QMax and Fast Qmax Update Boundary Check.............................................................. 64
7.4.5 Ra Table Initial Values............................................................................................ 64
7.4.6 Ra Table Update Conditions..................................................................................... 65
7.4.7 Application of Resistance Scaling............................................................................... 65
7.5 FullChargeCapacity(FCC), RemainingCapacity(RemCap), and RelativeStateOfCharge(RSOC) ............... 65
7.6 Impedance Track Configuration Options................................................................................ 65
7.7 State of Health.............................................................................................................. 68
7.8 TURBO Mode 2.0 .......................................................................................................... 68
7.9 Ba¢ttery Trip Point (BTP) ................................................................................................. 69
7.10 Cell Interconnect IR Compensation Scheme (to Prevent Premature Cell EDV Detection)....................... 69
7.11 RSOC Rounding Option................................................................................................... 70
8 Cell Balancing.................................................................................................................... 71
8.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 71
8.2 Cell Balancing Setup....................................................................................................... 72
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Contents
8.3 Balancing Multiple Cells ................................................................................................... 75
8.4 Cell Balancing Operation.................................................................................................. 76
9 LED Display....................................................................................................................... 79
9.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 79
9.1.1 LED Display of State-of-Charge ................................................................................ 79
9.1.2 LED Display of PF Error Code .................................................................................. 79
9.1.3 LED Display on Exit of a Reset.................................................................................. 80
9.1.4 LED Display Control Through ManufacturerAccess() ........................................................ 80
9.1.5 LED Operation Under CUV Conditions......................................................................... 81
9.1.6 LED Blinking Option for State of Charge....................................................................... 81
10 IATA Support ..................................................................................................................... 82
10.1 Initiating IATA Shutdown (Before Shipping) ............................................................................ 82
10.2 After Wakeup (Charging Is Connected for a Short Period to Wake) ................................................ 82
10.3 IATA Charging Control..................................................................................................... 83
11 PRE-DISCHARGE Mode....................................................................................................... 84
11.1 Hardware Considerations ................................................................................................. 84
11.2 Pre-Discharge Function ................................................................................................... 84
12 Parallel Protection FET ....................................................................................................... 85
12.1 Description .................................................................................................................. 85
13 General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) Capability.................................................................... 86
13.1 Description .................................................................................................................. 86
13.2 GPIO Interrupt ............................................................................................................. 86
14 Lifetime Data Collection ...................................................................................................... 88
14.1 Description .................................................................................................................. 88
15 Device Security .................................................................................................................. 90
15.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 90
15.2 SHA-1 Description.......................................................................................................... 90
15.2.1 HMAC Description ............................................................................................... 90
15.2.2 SHA-1 Authentication............................................................................................ 90
15.3 Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Description ........................................................................ 91
15.3.1 ECC Authentication .............................................................................................. 91
15.4 Security Modes ............................................................................................................. 91
15.4.1 FULL ACCESS or UNSEALED to SEALED .................................................................. 91
15.4.2 SEALED to UNSEALED......................................................................................... 92
15.4.3 UNSEALED to FULL ACCESS................................................................................. 92
16 Manufacture Production...................................................................................................... 93
16.1 Manufacture Testing ....................................................................................................... 93
16.2 Calibration................................................................................................................... 93
16.2.1 Calibration Data Flash........................................................................................... 94
17 Device SMBus Address ..................................................................................................... 102
18 SBS Commands ............................................................................................................... 103
18.1 0x00 ManufacturerAccess() and 0x44 ManufacturerBlockAccess() ............................................... 103
18.1.1 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0000 ................................................................................ 105
18.1.2 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0001 Device Type ................................................................ 105
18.1.3 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0002 Firmware Version .......................................................... 105
18.1.4 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0003 Hardware Version.......................................................... 106
18.1.5 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0004 Instruction Flash Signature ............................................... 106
18.1.6 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0005 Static DF Signature........................................................ 106
18.1.7 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0006 Chemical ID................................................................. 106
18.1.8 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0008 Static Chem DF Signature................................................ 106
18.1.9 ManufacturerAccess() 0x0009 All DF Signature............................................................ 106
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