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LS-DYNA

MANUAL

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LS-DYNA

KEYWORD USER'S MANUAL

VOLUME I

May 2007

Version 971

LIVERMORE SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION (LSTC)

Corporate Address

Livermore Software Technology Corporation

P. O. Box 712

Livermore, California 94551-0712

Support Addresses

Livermore Software Technology Corporation

7374 Las Positas Road

Livermore, California 94551

Tel: 925-449-2500 ♦ Fax: 925-449-2507

Email: sales@lstc.com

Website: www.lstc.com

Livermore Software Technology Corporation

1740 West Big Beaver Road

Suite 100

Troy, Michigan 48084

Tel: 248-649-4728 ♦ Fax: 248-649-6328

Disclaimer

DYNA

, LS

OPT

and LS

PrePost

are registered trademarks of Livermore Software

Technology Corporation in the United States. All other trademarks, product names and brand

names belong to their respective owners.

LSTC reserves the right to modify the material contained within this manual without prior notice.

The information and examples included herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not

intended to be exhaustive or all-inclusive. LSTC assumes no liability or responsibility

whatsoever for any direct of indirect damages or inaccuracies of any type or nature that could be

deemed to have resulted from the use of this manual.

Any reproduction, in whole or in part, of this manual is prohibited without the prior written

approval of LSTC. All requests to reproduce the contents hereof should be sent to

sales@lstc.com.

ISBN 0-9778540-2-7

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

AES

LICENSE TERMS

The free distribution and use of this software in both source and binary form is allowed (with or without changes)

provided that:

1. distributions of this source code include the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following

disclaimer;

2. distributions in binary form include the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following

disclaimer in the documentation and/or other associated materials;

3. the copyright holder's name is not used to endorse products built using this software without specific written

permission.

DISCLAIMER

This software is provided 'as is' with no explicit or implied warranties in respect of any properties, including, but not

limited to, correctness and fitness for purpose.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

Issue Date: 21/01/2002

This file contains the code for implementing the key schedule for AES (Rijndael) for block and key sizes of 16, 24,

and 32 bytes.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LS-DYNA Version 971 iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... I.1

CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY ....................................................................................................I.1

MATERIAL MODELS.................................................................................................................I.21

SPATIAL DISCRETIZATION ....................................................................................................I.22

CONTACT-IMPACT INTERFACES ..........................................................................................I.26

INTERFACE DEFINITIONS FOR COMPONENT ANALYSIS................................................I.27

CAPACITY...................................................................................................................................I.27

PRECISION..................................................................................................................................I.27

GETTING STARTED.............................................................................................................................GS.1

DESCRIPTION OF KEYWORD INPUT ..................................................................................GS.1

SUMMARY OF COMMONLY USED OPTIONS ....................................................................GS.9

EXECUTION SYNTAX...........................................................................................................GS.10

SENSE SWITCH CONTROLS................................................................................................GS.12

PROCEDURE FOR LS-DYNA/MPP..............................................................................GS.13

FILES: INPUT AND OUTPUT ..............................................................................................GS.14

RESTART ANALYSIS............................................................................................................GS.16

VDA/IGES DATABASES........................................................................................................GS.17

LS-PrePost

..............................................................................................................................GS.18

EXECUTION SPEEDS ............................................................................................................GS.20

UNITS.......................................................................................................................................GS.21

GENERAL CARD FORMAT...................................................................................................GS.21

*AIRBAG....................................................................................................................................................1.1

*AIRBAG_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}_{OPTION4}..................................................1.2

SIMPLE_PRESSURE_VOLUME........................................................................................1.8

SIMPLE_AIRBAG_MODEL...............................................................................................1.9

ADIABATIC_GAS_MODEL.............................................................................................1.11

WANG_NEFSKE...............................................................................................................1.13

LOAD_CURVE..................................................................................................................1.28

LINEAR_FLUID ................................................................................................................1.29

HYBRID.............................................................................................................................1.31

HYBRID_CHEMKIN.........................................................................................................1.38

*AIRBAG_ADVANCED_ALE...................................................................................................1.43

*AIRBAG_ALE...........................................................................................................................1.51

*AIRBAG_INTERACTION........................................................................................................1.65

TABLE OF CONTENTS

iv LS-DYNA Version 971

*AIRBAG_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY_{OPTION}_{OPTION}............................................1.67

*AIRBAG_SHELL_REFERENCE_GEOMETERY ...................................................................1.69

*ALE............................................................................................................................................................2.1

*ALE_FSI_PROJECTION ............................................................................................................2.2

*ALE_FSI_SWITCH_MMG_{OPTION}.....................................................................................2.5

*ALE_MULTI-MATERIAL_GROUP ..........................................................................................2.9

*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_CURVE ..................................................................................2.13

*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_GROUP ..................................................................................2.15

*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_NODE.....................................................................................2.22

*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_SWITCH.................................................................................2.24

*ALE_SMOOTHING ..................................................................................................................2.26

*ALE_TANK_TEST ...................................................................................................................2.27

*ALE_UP_SWITCH....................................................................................................................2.31

*BOUNDARY.............................................................................................................................................3.1

*BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_COUPLING....................................................................................3.2

*BOUNDARY_AMBIENT_EOS..................................................................................................3.3

*BOUNDARY_CONVECTION_OPTION ...................................................................................3.5

*BOUNDARY_CYCLIC...............................................................................................................3.7

*BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_OPTION .......................................................................3.9

*BOUNDARY_FLUX_OPTION.................................................................................................3.23

*BOUNDARY_MCOL................................................................................................................3.26

*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING.........................................................................................3.28

*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING_2D..................................................................................3.30

*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ACCELEROMETER_RIGID..................................................3.32

*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_OPTION1_(OPTION2}..........................................3.34

*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ORIENTATION_RIGID_OPTION.........................................3.39

*BOUNDARY_PRESSURE_OUTFLOW_OPTION..................................................................3.44

*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_OPTION1_{OPTION2}.............................................................3.45

*BOUNDARY_SLIDING_PLANE.............................................................................................3.53

*BOUNDARY_SPC_OPTION1_{OPTION2}............................................................................3.54

*BOUNDARY_SPH_FLOW.......................................................................................................3.56

*BOUNDARY_SPH_SYMMETRY_PLANE.............................................................................3.58

*BOUNDARY_SYMMETRY_FAILURE ..................................................................................3.59

*BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_OPTION..............................................................................3.60

*BOUNDARY_THERMAL_WELD...........................................................................................3.61

*BOUNDARY_USA_SURFACE................................................................................................3.64

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LS-DYNA Version 971 v

*CASE.........................................................................................................................................................4.1

*CASE_{OPTION} .......................................................................................................................4.1

*COMPONENT .........................................................................................................................................5.1

*COMPONENT_GEBOD_OPTION.............................................................................................5.2

*COMPONENT_GEBOD_JOINT_OPTION................................................................................5.4

*COMPONENT_HYBRIDIII .......................................................................................................5.8

*COMPONENT_HYBRIDIII_JOINT_OPTION........................................................................5.10

*CONSTRAINED ......................................................................................................................................6.1

*CONSTRAINED_ADAPTIVITY ...............................................................................................6.2

*CONSTRAINED_BUTT_WELD................................................................................................6.3

*CONSTRAINED_EULER_IN_EULER......................................................................................6.6

*CONSTRAINED_EXTRA_NODES_OPTION...........................................................................6.8

*CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_OPTION_{OPTION} ........................................6.10

*CONSTRAINED_GLOBAL......................................................................................................6.23

*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_{OPTION}..................................................................6.25

*CONSTRAINED_JOINT_OPTION_{OPTION}_{OPTION}_{OPTION}..............................6.30

*CONSTRAINED_JOINT_STIFFNESS_OPTION....................................................................6.42

*CONSTRAINED_LAGRANGE_IN_SOLID_{OPTION1}_{OPTION2}................................6.55

*CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_GLOBAL.....................................................................................6.71

*CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_LOCAL........................................................................................6.74

*CONSTRAINED_LOCAL ........................................................................................................6.76

*CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_{OPTION}_{OPTION}_{OPTION}.................6.78

*CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET_{OPTION} .............................................................................6.86

*CONSTRAINED_POINTS........................................................................................................6.89

*CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODIES..........................................................................................6.91

*CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODY_STOPPERS........................................................................6.93

*CONSTRAINED_RIVET_{OPTION}......................................................................................6.96

*CONSTRAINED_SHELL_TO_SOLID ....................................................................................6.98

*CONSTRAINED_SPLINE......................................................................................................6.100

*CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD_{OPTION}_{OPTION}......................................................6.102

*CONSTRAINED_TIE-BREAK...............................................................................................6.106

*CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE.........................................................................6.107

*CONTACT................................................................................................................................................7.1

*CONTACT_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}_{OPTION4}_{OPTION5} ........................7.2

*CONTACT_AUTO_MOVE......................................................................................................7.51

*CONTACT_COUPLING...........................................................................................................7.52

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