GR-487-CORE: 电子设备机柜通用要求

GR-487

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"GR-487-CORE是一份由Telcordia Technologies编写的通用电子设备机柜的规范标准，全称为‘GR-487-CORE Generic Requirements for Electronic Equipment Cabinets’。这份标准主要关注电子设备机柜的通用要求，是FR-RELIABILITY-QUALITY-01模块的一部分。GR 487标准的第四版发行于2013年1月3日，目前处于TTF最终草案阶段，并且正在征求公众意见。文档的使用受到企业许可协议的限制，只能在获得该文档的企业许可持有者之间共享。任何违反许可协议的行为都将面临法律追责，因为此文档受版权保护。" GR-487-CORE标准详细规定了电子设备机柜在设计、制造和运行过程中的各项通用要求，旨在确保这些机柜在电信和其他相关行业中具有高可靠性、质量和安全性。这些要求可能包括但不限于以下几个方面： 1. **环境适应性**：标准可能涵盖了机柜对各种环境条件（如温度、湿度、振动、尘埃等）的耐受性，以确保在不同环境下稳定运行。 2. **机械强度与结构稳定性**：机柜应具备足够的机械强度，能够承受安装和操作过程中的物理负荷，同时保持结构稳定，防止因重载或冲击导致的损坏。 3. **电磁兼容性（EMC）**：为了防止电磁干扰（EMI）和射频干扰（RFI），机柜设计应考虑屏蔽和接地措施，以确保设备间的正常通信。 4. **冷却与通风**：对于发热设备，机柜需要有良好的冷却系统和通风设计，以维持内部温度在安全范围内，防止过热导致的设备故障。 5. **安装与维护便捷性**：标准可能要求机柜设计便于设备的安装、升级和日常维护，包括易于访问的面板、可调节的安装支架等。 6. **材料与工艺**：规定了机柜材料的质量标准和制造工艺要求，确保其耐用性和安全性。 7. **电气安全**：包括接地、绝缘、过电压保护等方面，确保人员和设备的安全。 8. **标识与标签**：机柜及其组件应有清晰的标识和标签，以便于识别、操作和维护。 9. **测试与验证**：定义了一套测试方法和指标，用于验证机柜是否满足所有规定的要求。 10. **文档与支持**：提供详细的使用、维护和故障处理指南，以及必要的技术文档。 GR-487-CORE标准的实施对于电信运营商、数据中心和其他使用大量电子设备的组织来说至关重要，因为它确保了他们的设备机柜能够满足行业最佳实践和法规要求，从而提高服务的可靠性和整体运营效率。

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GR-487-CORE

Introduction Issue 4, January 3, 2013 (TTF FINAL DRAFT)

1–4 (PRELIMINARY - NOT A FINAL TELCORDIA DOCUMENT, DRAFT DATE - 1/3/13)

Telcordia Technologies, Inc. — Enterprise License Restrictions. See restrictions on title page.

Telcordia strictly prohibits the unauthorized distribution, download, or sale of this copyrighted material.

Due to the extensive modifications, additions, rearrangements, and re-numbering of

the requirements, the Issue 3 changes were not highlighted by change bars in the

margins.

1.6 Reasons for GR-487-CORE, Issue 2

Issue 2 was published to clarify the stated requirements and related test procedures,

and to incorporate broadband cabinet requirements into a single document. For

present purposes, broadband equipment is considered to be capable of providing

subscriber services at very high frequencies or bit rates (e.g., greater than

DS3/45 Mbs), typically delivered over coaxial or fiber media. The broadband cabinet

document, GR-2927-CORE, was replaced by GR-487-CORE, Issue 2. Thus,

Issue 2 included additional requirements for the splicing compartment, which may

serve coaxial or fiber media, as well as requirements for a permanent engine

generator. Requirements related to touch temperature, wind loads, and temperature

extremes are examples of other areas that were significantly modified or expanded.

1.7 Structure and Use of This Document

This document is organized as follows:

•

Section 1 outlines the purpose, scope, target audience, structure, reason for

reissue, and terminology.

•

Section 2 provides product description and application information.

•

Section 3 outlines features, functions, and performance requirements, and

related test procedures.

•

Appendix A, “Evaluating Dust Accumulation and Wind-Driven Rain Test.”

•

Appendix B, “OSP Cabinet Retrofit/Augment Guidelines.”

•

Appendix C, “References.”

•

Appendix D, “Acronyms.”

This document should be used in conjunction with telecommunications equipment

and broadband systems specification. The systems specification should detail the

identification and location of all housed components and the requirements for those

components as they relate to the cabinet in which they are to be housed.

1.8 Products Covered

GR-487-CORE covers cabinets and enclosures deployed in the Outside Plant (OSP)

Class 4 environment. The following applications are described in Section 1.8.1

through Section 1.8.5.

•

Landline Electronic Equipment Cabinets

•

Wireless Cabinets

Generic Requirements for Electronic Equipment Cabinets

GR-487-CORE Introduction

(PRELIMINARY - NOT A FINAL TELCORDIA DOCUMENT, DRAFT DATE - 1/3/13) 1–5

Telcordia Technologies, Inc. — Enterprise License Restrictions. See restrictions on title page.

Telcordia strictly prohibits the unauthorized distribution, download, or sale of this copyrighted material.

•

Field Retrofit Cabinets

•

Field Adjunct Cabinets

•

Smaller Cabinets.

1.8.1 Landline Electronic Equipment Cabinets

These may be used for landline telephony service. They may use Digital Loop Carrier

(DLC) or Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) technology, may be

fiber fed from the service provider side and provide xDSL or Ethernet to customers,

or even provide fiber to the customer. The cabinets may also contain only passive

components or fiber. As new technologies develop, other applications will emerge

that will provide landline service to customers.

1.8.2 Wireless Cabinets

Cabinets used in the wireless industry are similar to those used in landline telephony

service. They may or may not be intended for use with backup batteries, and

normally are not intended for use with backup generators. When conducting an

analysis of a wireless cabinet, the applicable GR-487-CORE requirements shall apply

in the same manner as landline cabinets.

1.8.3 Field Retrofit Cabinets

A field retrofit cabinet is a cabinet that is already installed in the field and is being

modified to incorporate new electronics or passive equipment. The GR-487-CORE

requirements are recommended to review a field retrofit cabinet. Any testing for a

field retrofit cabinet must be representative of actual field installation including not

only the new equipment, but the equipment that would already be installed in the

cabinet. Additional information can be found in Appendix B of this GR.

1.8.4 Field Adjunct Cabinets

A field adjunct cabinet is a cabinet that is placed next to or is incorporated as part

of an existing host cabinet. The adjunct cabinet may be placed to house new

electronics, cross connections, or expand the capacity of a cabinet already installed

in the field. Any testing for a field adjunct cabinet must be representative of the

actual field installation. An engineering assessment shall be performed to ascertain

that the installation of the adjunct cabinet does not degrade the performance of the

parent cabinet.

GR-487-CORE

Introduction Issue 4, January 3, 2013 (TTF FINAL DRAFT)

1–6 (PRELIMINARY - NOT A FINAL TELCORDIA DOCUMENT, DRAFT DATE - 1/3/13)

Telcordia Technologies, Inc. — Enterprise License Restrictions. See restrictions on title page.

Telcordia strictly prohibits the unauthorized distribution, download, or sale of this copyrighted material.

1.8.5 Smaller-Sized Cabinets

Smaller-sized cabinets are covered in GR-487-CORE, and different requirements

apply to these products versus the larger products. For GR-487-CORE use, a smaller

cabinet is defined as a cabinet less than 8 cubic feet.

1.8.6 Power Pedestals

Power pedestals provide a separate housing for AC commercial power used by

telecommunications electronic equipment cabinets. They are normally provided

with a service meter, circuit breaker, transfer switch, and a plug for connection to

remote power. Sometimes they are referred to as a “juice box.” Power pedestals

need not meet the requirements of this GR, but should meet the list of requirements

of UL 67,

[86]

UL Standard for Safety Panelboards, and UL 891,

[89]

UL Standard for

Safety Switchboards, as applicable.

1.9 Battery References

GR-487-CORE covers electronic equipment cabinets. One of the main elements in

these cabinets are the backup batteries provided.

Below are documents pertaining to batteries, which are most likely to be deployed

in GR-487-CORE cabinets.

•

GR-1200-CORE,

[20]

Generic Requirements for Accelerated Life Testing of Valve

Regulated Lead Acid Batteries at High Temperatures.

•

GR-1515-CORE,

[21]

Generic Requirements for the Detection and Control of

Thermal Runaway in VRLA Batteries.

•

GR-3020-CORE,

[27]

Nickel Cadmium Batteries in the Outside Plant.

•

GR-3150-CORE,

[32]

Generic Requirements for Secondary Non-Aqueous

Lithium Batteries.

•

GR-4228,

[35]

VRLA Battery String Certification Levels Based on Requirements

for Safety and Performance (a module of FR-OUTSIDE-PLANT-01 and

FR-ENGINEER-POWER-01).

•

GR-232-CORE,

[7]

Generic Requirements for Lead-Acid Storage Batteries. This

GR pertains to Central Office (CO) batteries.

•

GR-513-CORE,

[11]

Power Requirements in the Telecommunications Plant (a

module of FR-ENGINEER-POWER-01, FR-OUTSIDE-PLANT-01, and

FR-SWITCHING-SYSTEMS-01). This is a generic power document that cross

references the above GRs.

Generic Requirements for Electronic Equipment Cabinets

GR-487-CORE Introduction

(PRELIMINARY - NOT A FINAL TELCORDIA DOCUMENT, DRAFT DATE - 1/3/13) 1–7

Telcordia Technologies, Inc. — Enterprise License Restrictions. See restrictions on title page.

Telcordia strictly prohibits the unauthorized distribution, download, or sale of this copyrighted material.

1.10 Coordination With GR-3108-CORE, Generic Requirements for Network

Equipment in the Outside Plant

GR-3108-CORE

[28]

outlines the Telcordia view of generic requirements for network

equipment that is intended to be installed in Class 2 and 3 environments.

GR-487-CORE cabinets and enclosures are intended to provide these types of

environments for the equipment they contain. GR-487-CORE covers the OSP cabinet

or enclosure whereas GR-3108-CORE covers the associated electronics and

equipment located inside the enclosure. There is a symbionic relationship between

these two GRs, and they are intended to complement each other. There is not any

intention to have mutually exclusive criteria. If criteria between the two documents

conflict, the best engineering judgment should be used to meet the intent.

One can evaluate the cabinet electronics or equipment as part of a GR-487-CORE

analysis or a GR-3108-CORE analysis. However, if the electronics or internal

equipment are evaluated using GR-487-CORE, those results may not be acceptable

if they are placed in other cabinets or enclosures. In addition, GR-3108-CORE has

additional criteria that must be addressed to ensure proper functionality and design

of that equipment. For example, GR-487-CORE does not contain an Operational

Temperature and Humidity Cycling test to ensure the equipment functions properly

at extreme temperatures and humidities over time. As a result, the documents are

intended to be used together. It is suggested that during the initial evaluation of a

cabinet and any of its associated electronics and equipment, that a GR-487-CORE

test program be conducted on the cabinet with its known associated electronics

installed. If a cabinet does not need physical design changes to enable the

replacement of existing electronics or addition of new electronics, then only a

GR-3108-CORE analysis of the equipment is required. If a GR-487-CORE test

program is used to review both the cabinet and electronics, appropriate

requirements from GR-3108-CORE should be included in the test program.

GR-3108-CORE

[28]

also addresses equipment that has an integral enclosure (where

the equipment inside is always the same or is always known). This type of equipment

is evaluated to GR-3108-CORE, environment Class 4. In addition, GR-3108-CORE,

Section 7, “Closure Requirements for Integrated Products,” refers most of the

applicable enclosure criteria to GR-487-CORE, so a test plan utilizing GR-3108-

CORE and GR-487-CORE is necessary. Other criteria that may be necessary for

certain applications should be utilized from other relevant GRs or industry

standards as needed. In general, a combination of GR-3108-CORE and GR-487-CORE

is sufficient for this type of equipment.

1.10.1 GR-3108-CORE Class References

As noted above, GR-487-CORE covers electronic equipment cabinets and

GR-3108-CORE

[28]

covers equipment. These two documents are intended to work

together. A key element of GR-3108-CORE is the equipment classifications. Key

aspects include:

•

The equipment space within a GR-487 cabinet should generally be considered a

Class 2 environment as far as GR-3108 is concerned.

GR-487-CORE

Introduction Issue 4, January 3, 2013 (TTF FINAL DRAFT)

1–8 (PRELIMINARY - NOT A FINAL TELCORDIA DOCUMENT, DRAFT DATE - 1/3/13)

Telcordia Technologies, Inc. — Enterprise License Restrictions. See restrictions on title page.

Telcordia strictly prohibits the unauthorized distribution, download, or sale of this copyrighted material.

•

Battery or engine compartments should generally be considered Class 3

environments, as far as GR-3108 is concerned, with a caveat that such

compartments can be considered Class 2 if engineering analysis or field data are

provided to show that the temperature is maintained within the Class 2

boundaries at all times.

Temperature ranges shall be dictated by the battery technology (see

Section 1.9).

1.10.1.1 GR-3108 Class 1: Controlled Protected Environments

Class 1 environments are “controlled” protected environments where the equipment

space is protected from direct outside weather and environmental stresses by a

building or structure. The climate is controlled between -5°C (23°F) and 50°C

(122°F) and these locations usually have active means of controlling the

temperature inside its envelope within a preset temperature range. The control may

be achieved through thermostat-controlled fans, refrigeration units, heat

exchangers, coolers, or heaters. A telecommunications hut or controlled

environmental vault are Class 1 locations.

Class 1 is not used in GR-487-CORE; it is provided for informational purpose only.

1.10.1.2 GR-3108 Class 2: Protected Environments

Class 2 environments are spaces protected from direct outside weather and

environmental stresses by a closure and where the operating climate is between

-40°C (-40°F) and 65°C (149°F). These locations usually have either

(a) an active means of cooling using fans and/or heat exchangers, or

(b) design features (cooling fins or airflow pattern) within the closure or the

equipment to effectively dissipate heat from active equipment.

Although these facilities do not have a preset specific temperature range as a target,

their physical design features (e.g., cooling fins) and devices (e.g., fans, heat

exchangers) greatly aid heat dissipation and help moderate the thermal environment

surrounding the electronic equipment. Examples of network locations where Class

2 environments are usually maintained include the interior spaces within outdoor

(OSP) cabinets designed to meet GR-487-CORE.

1. Currently, the large majority of batteries in telecommunications networks are placed in

separate compartments as per GR-487 to prevent outgas products (e.g., hydrogen, electrolytes)

from the batteries damaging electronics. In the future, different battery technologies may

permit safe co-location of batteries and electronics. In the interim, most batteries will be found

in separate compartments with uncontrolled environments or no active cooling devices and

would usually be classified as Class 3 environments.

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