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首页数字图像处理（Digital Image Processing_3E_Gonzalez）

数字图像处理（Digital Image Processing_3E_Gonzalez）

第三版

英文版

冈萨雷斯

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1 Introduction 1 1.1 What Is Digital Image Processing? 1 1.2 The Origins of Digital Image Processing 3 1.3 Examples of Fields that Use Digital Image Processing 7 1.3.1 Gamma-Ray Imaging 8 1.3.2 X-Ray Imaging 9 1.3.3 Imaging in the Ultraviolet Band 11 1.3.4 Imaging in the Visible and Infrared Bands 12 1.3.5 Imaging in the Microwave Band 18 1.3.6 Imaging in the Radio Band 20 1.3.7 Examples in which Other Imaging Modalities Are Used 20 1.4 Fundamental Steps in Digital Image Processing 25 1.5 Components of an Image Processing System 28 Summary 31 References and Further Reading 31 2 Digital Image Fundamentals 35 2.1 Elements of Visual Perception 36 2.1.1 Structure of the Human Eye 36 2.1.2 Image Formation in the Eye 38 2.1.3 Brightness Adaptation and Discrimination 39 2.2 Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum 43 2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition 46 2.3.1 Image Acquisition Using a Single Sensor 48 2.3.2 Image Acquisition Using Sensor Strips 48 2.3.3 Image Acquisition Using Sensor Arrays 50 2.3.4 A Simple Image Formation Model 50 2.4 Image Sampling and Quantization 52 2.4.1 Basic Concepts in Sampling and Quantization 52 2.4.2 Representing Digital Images 55 2.4.3 Spatial and Intensity Reso ........

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Digital Image

Processing

Third Edition

Rafael C. Gonzalez

University of Tennessee

Richard E. Woods

MedData Interactive

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data on File

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Executive Editor: Michael McDonald

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Pearson Prentice Hall

Pearson Education, Inc.

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

permission in writing from the publisher.

Pearson Prentice Hall

is a trademark of Pearson Education, Inc.

The authors and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book.These efforts include

the development, research, and testing of the theories and programs to determine their effectiveness.The authors

and publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the

documentation contained in this book.The authors and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or

consequential damages with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of these programs.

Printed in the United States of America.

10987654321

ISBN 0-13-168728-x

978-0-13-168728-8

Pearson Education Ltd., London

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Pearson Educación de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.

Pearson Education—Japan, Tokyo

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Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey

To Samantha

and

To Janice, David, and Jonathan

Contents
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xix
The Book Web Site xx
About the Authors xxi
1
Introduction 1
1.1 What Is Digital Image Processing? 1
1.2 The Origins of Digital Image Processing 3
1.3 Examples of Fields that Use Digital Image Processing 7
1.3.1 Gamma-Ray Imaging 8
1.3.2 X-Ray Imaging 9
1.3.3 Imaging in the Ultraviolet Band 11
1.3.4 Imaging in the Visible and Infrared Bands 12
1.3.5 Imaging in the Microwave Band 18
1.3.6 Imaging in the Radio Band 20
1.3.7 Examples in which Other Imaging Modalities Are Used 20
1.4 Fundamental Steps in Digital Image Processing 25
1.5 Components of an Image Processing System 28
Summary 31
References and Further Reading 31
2
Digital Image Fundamentals 35
2.1 Elements of Visual Perception 36
2.1.1 Structure of the Human Eye 36
2.1.2 Image Formation in the Eye 38
2.1.3 Brightness Adaptation and Discrimination 39
2.2 Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum 43
2.3 Image Sensing and Acquisition 46
2.3.1 Image Acquisition Using a Single Sensor 48
2.3.2 Image Acquisition Using Sensor Strips 48
2.3.3 Image Acquisition Using Sensor Arrays 50
2.3.4 A Simple Image Formation Model 50
2.4 Image Sampling and Quantization 52
2.4.1 Basic Concepts in Sampling and Quantization 52
2.4.2 Representing Digital Images 55
2.4.3 Spatial and Intensity Resolution 59
2.4.4 Image Interpolation 65
v