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单片机手册 atmega88pa单片机手册 atmega88pa单片机手册
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8-bit AVR Microcontrollers
ATmega48P/PV / 88P/PV / 168P/PV
DATASHEET COMPLETE
Introduction
The Atmel
®
picoPower
®
ATmega48P/PV /88P/PV /168P/PV is a low-power
CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR
®
enhanced RISC
architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the
ATmega48P/PV /88P/PV /168P/PV achieves throughputs close to 1MIPS
per MHz. This empowers system designer to optimize the device for power
consumption versus processing speed.
Feature
High Performance, Low Power Atmel
®
AVR
®
8-Bit Microcontroller Family
• Advanced RISC Architecture
– 131 Powerful Instructions
– Most Single Clock Cycle Execution
– 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers
– Fully Static Operation
– Up to 20 MIPS Throughput at 20MHz
– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
• High Endurance Non-volatile Memory Segments
– 4K/8K/16KBytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash program
Memory
– 256/512/512Bytes EEPROM
– 512/1K/1KBytes Internal SRAM
– Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM
– Data Retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C
(1)
– Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits
• In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program
• True Read-While-Write Operation
– Programming Lock for Software Security
• Atmel
®
QTouch
®
Library Support
– Capacitive Touch Buttons, Sliders and Wheels
– QTouch and QMatrix
®
Acquisition
– Up to 64 sense channels
Atmel-8025O-ATmega48P/PV / 88P/PV / 168P/PV_Datasheet_Complete-06/2016
• Peripheral Features
– Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler and Compare Mode
– One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture Mode
– Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
– Six PWM Channels
– 8-channel 10-bit ADC in TQFP and QFN/MLF package
• Temperature Measurement
– 6-channel 10-bit ADC in PDIP Package
• Temperature Measurement
– Two Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
– One Programmable Serial USART
– One Byte-oriented 2-wire Serial Interface (Philips I
2
C compatible)
– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator
– One On-chip Analog Comparator
– Interrupt and Wake-up on Pin Change
• Special Microcontroller Features
– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
– Internal Calibrated Oscillator
– External and Internal Interrupt Sources
– Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby, and
Extended Standby
• I/O and Packages
– 23 Programmable I/O Lines
– 28-pin PDIP, 32-lead TQFP, 28-pad QFN/MLF and 32-pad QFN/MLF
• Operating Voltage:
– 2.7 - 5.5V for ATmega48P/88P/168P
– 1.8 - 5.5V for ATmega48PV/88PV/168PV
• Temperature Range:
– -40°C to 85°C
• Speed Grade:
– ATmega48P/88P/168P: 0 - 10MHz @ 2.7V - 5.5V, 0 - 20MHz @ 4.5V - 5.5V
– ATmega48PV/88PV/168PV: 0 - 4MHz @ 1.8V - 5.5V, 0 - 10MHz @ 2.7V - 5.5V
• Power Consumption at 1MHz, 1.8V, 25°C
– Active Mode: 0.3mA
– Power-down Mode: 0.1μA
– Power-save Mode: 0.8μA (Including 32kHz RTC)
Atmel ATmega48P/PV / 88P/PV / 168P/PV [DATASHEET]
Atmel-8025O-ATmega48P/PV / 88P/PV / 168P/PV_Datasheet_Complete-06/2016
2
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................1
Feature............................................................................................................................ 1
1. Description.................................................................................................................9
2. Configuration Summary...........................................................................................10
3. Ordering Information ............................................................................................... 11
3.1. ATmega48P/PV.......................................................................................................................... 11
3.2. ATmega88P/PV.......................................................................................................................... 12
3.3. ATmega168P/PV ....................................................................................................................... 13
4. Block Diagram......................................................................................................... 14
5. Pin Configurations................................................................................................... 15
5.1. Pin-out........................................................................................................................................ 15
5.2. Pin Descriptions..........................................................................................................................18
6. I/O Multiplexing........................................................................................................20
7. Resources................................................................................................................22
8. Data Retention.........................................................................................................23
9. About Code Examples.............................................................................................24
10. Capacitive Touch Sensing....................................................................................... 25
10.1. QTouch Library........................................................................................................................... 25
11. AVR CPU Core........................................................................................................ 26
11.1. Overview.....................................................................................................................................26
11.2. ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit........................................................................................................27
11.3. Status Register...........................................................................................................................27
11.4. General Purpose Register File................................................................................................... 29
11.5. Stack Pointer.............................................................................................................................. 30
11.6. Instruction Execution Timing...................................................................................................... 32
11.7. Reset and Interrupt Handling..................................................................................................... 33
12. AVR Memories.........................................................................................................35
12.1. Overview.....................................................................................................................................35
12.2. In-System Reprogrammable Flash Program Memory................................................................35
12.3. SRAM Data Memory...................................................................................................................36
12.4. EEPROM Data Memory............................................................................................................. 38
12.5. I/O Memory.................................................................................................................................39
12.6. Register Description................................................................................................................... 40
13. System Clock and Clock Options............................................................................ 50
13.1. Clock Systems and Their Distribution.........................................................................................50
13.2. Clock Sources............................................................................................................................ 51
13.3. Low Power Crystal Oscillator......................................................................................................53
13.4. Full Swing Crystal Oscillator.......................................................................................................54
13.5. Low Frequency Crystal Oscillator...............................................................................................55
13.6. Calibrated Internal RC Oscillator................................................................................................56
13.7. 128kHz Internal Oscillator.......................................................................................................... 57
13.8. External Clock............................................................................................................................ 58
13.9. Timer/Counter Oscillator.............................................................................................................59
13.10. Clock Output Buffer....................................................................................................................59
13.11. System Clock Prescaler............................................................................................................. 59
13.12. Register Description...................................................................................................................60
14. PM - Power Management and Sleep Modes...........................................................64
14.1. Overview.....................................................................................................................................64
14.2. Sleep Modes...............................................................................................................................64
14.3. BOD Disable...............................................................................................................................65
14.4. Idle Mode....................................................................................................................................65
14.5. ADC Noise Reduction Mode.......................................................................................................65
14.6. Power-Down Mode.....................................................................................................................66
14.7. Power-save Mode.......................................................................................................................66
14.8. Standby Mode............................................................................................................................ 67
14.9. Extended Standby Mode............................................................................................................ 67
14.10. Power Reduction Register......................................................................................................... 67
14.11. Minimizing Power Consumption................................................................................................. 67
14.12. Register Description...................................................................................................................68
15. SCRST - System Control and Reset....................................................................... 73
15.1. Resetting the AVR...................................................................................................................... 73
15.2. Reset Sources............................................................................................................................73
15.3. Power-on Reset..........................................................................................................................74
15.4. External Reset............................................................................................................................75
15.5. Brown-out Detection...................................................................................................................75
15.6. Watchdog System Reset............................................................................................................ 76
15.7. Internal Voltage Reference.........................................................................................................76
15.8. Watchdog Timer......................................................................................................................... 77
15.9. Register Description................................................................................................................... 79
16. Interrupts................................................................................................................. 83
16.1. Interrupt Vectors in ATmega48P/PV...........................................................................................83
16.2. Interrupt Vectors in ATmega88P/PV...........................................................................................84
16.3. Interrupt Vectors in ATmega168P/PV.........................................................................................87
16.4. Register Description................................................................................................................... 90
17. EXINT - External Interrupts..................................................................................... 93
17.1. Pin Change Interrupt Timing.......................................................................................................93
17.2. Register Description................................................................................................................... 94
Atmel ATmega48P/PV / 88P/PV / 168P/PV [DATASHEET]
Atmel-8025O-ATmega48P/PV / 88P/PV / 168P/PV_Datasheet_Complete-06/2016
4
18. I/O-Ports................................................................................................................ 103
18.1. Overview...................................................................................................................................103
18.2. Ports as General Digital I/O......................................................................................................104
18.3. Alternate Port Functions...........................................................................................................107
18.4. Register Description................................................................................................................. 119
19. TC0 - 8-bit Timer/Counter0 with PWM...................................................................131
19.1. Features................................................................................................................................... 131
19.2. Overview...................................................................................................................................131
19.3. Timer/Counter Clock Sources.................................................................................................. 133
19.4. Counter Unit............................................................................................................................. 133
19.5. Output Compare Unit................................................................................................................134
19.6. Compare Match Output Unit.....................................................................................................136
19.7. Modes of Operation..................................................................................................................137
19.8. Timer/Counter Timing Diagrams...............................................................................................141
19.9. Register Description................................................................................................................. 143
20. TC1 - 16-bit Timer/Counter1 with PWM.................................................................155
20.1. Overview...................................................................................................................................155
20.2. Features................................................................................................................................... 155
20.3. Block Diagram.......................................................................................................................... 155
20.4. Definitions.................................................................................................................................156
20.5. Registers.................................................................................................................................. 157
20.6. Accessing 16-bit Registers.......................................................................................................157
20.7. Timer/Counter Clock Sources.................................................................................................. 160
20.8. Counter Unit............................................................................................................................. 160
20.9. Input Capture Unit.................................................................................................................... 161
20.10. Output Compare Units............................................................................................................. 163
20.11. Compare Match Output Unit.....................................................................................................165
20.12. Modes of Operation..................................................................................................................166
20.13. Timer/Counter Timing Diagrams.............................................................................................. 174
20.14. Register Description.................................................................................................................175
21. Timer/Counter 0, 1 Prescalers...............................................................................192
21.1. Internal Clock Source............................................................................................................... 192
21.2. Prescaler Reset........................................................................................................................192
21.3. External Clock Source..............................................................................................................192
21.4. Register Description................................................................................................................. 193
22. TC2 - 8-bit Timer/Counter2 with PWM and Asynchronous Operation................... 195
22.1. Features................................................................................................................................... 195
22.2. Overview...................................................................................................................................195
22.3. Timer/Counter Clock Sources.................................................................................................. 197
22.4. Counter Unit............................................................................................................................. 197
22.5. Output Compare Unit................................................................................................................198
22.6. Compare Match Output Unit.....................................................................................................200
22.7. Modes of Operation..................................................................................................................201
22.8. Timer/Counter Timing Diagrams...............................................................................................205
Atmel ATmega48P/PV / 88P/PV / 168P/PV [DATASHEET]
Atmel-8025O-ATmega48P/PV / 88P/PV / 168P/PV_Datasheet_Complete-06/2016
5
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