LinuxC常用库函数手册

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C库函数手册

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Linux C 函数

1. Linux C 函数.................................................................................................................................... 8

2. Linux C 函数.................................................................................................................................... 8

2.1 用户组篇.............................................................................................................................. 8

2.1.1 utmpname .................................................................................................................. 8

2.1.2 setutent ...................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.3 setuid .......................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.4 setreuid..................................................................................................................... 10

2.1.5 setregid..................................................................................................................... 11

2.1.6 setpwent................................................................................................................... 12

2.1.7 setgroups .................................................................................................................. 13

2.1.8 setgrent..................................................................................................................... 14

2.1.9 setgid ........................................................................................................................ 15

2.1.10 setfsuid ................................................................................................................... 15

2.1.11 setfsgid.................................................................................................................... 16

2.1.12 seteuid .................................................................................................................... 17

2.1.13 pututline ................................................................................................................. 18

2.1.14 initgroups................................................................................................................ 19

2.1.15 getutline.................................................................................................................. 20

2.1.16 getutid .................................................................................................................... 21

2.1.17 getutent .................................................................................................................. 23

2.1.18 getuid...................................................................................................................... 26

2.1.19 getpwuid................................................................................................................. 26

2.1.20 getpwnam............................................................................................................... 28

2.1.21 getpwent................................................................................................................. 29

2.1.22 getpw...................................................................................................................... 31

2.1.23 getgroups................................................................................................................ 33

2.1.24 getgrnam ................................................................................................................ 34

2.1.25 getgrgid................................................................................................................... 35

2.1.26 getgrent .................................................................................................................. 37

2.1.27 agetgid .................................................................................................................... 39

2.1.28 geteuid.................................................................................................................... 40

2.1.29 getegid.................................................................................................................... 41

2.1.30 fgetpwent................................................................................................................ 42

2.1.31 fgetgrent ................................................................................................................. 44

2.1.32 endutent ................................................................................................................. 46

2.1.33 endpwent................................................................................................................ 47

2.1.34 endgrent ................................................................................................................. 47

2.2 信号处理篇........................................................................................................................ 48

2.2.1 alarm......................................................................................................................... 48

2.2.2 ferror......................................................................................................................... 50

Linux C 函数

2.2.3 kill.............................................................................................................................. 50

2.2.4 mkfifo........................................................................................................................ 52

2.2.5 pause ........................................................................................................................ 55

2.2.6 pclose........................................................................................................................ 55

2.2.7 perror........................................................................................................................ 56

2.2.8 pipe........................................................................................................................... 57

2.2.9 popen........................................................................................................................ 58

2.2.10 sigaction.................................................................................................................. 60

2.2.11 sigaddset................................................................................................................. 63

2.2.12 sigdelset.................................................................................................................. 64

2.2.13 sigemptyset............................................................................................................. 64

2.2.14 sigfillset................................................................................................................... 65

2.2.15 sigismember ........................................................................................................... 66

2.2.16 signal....................................................................................................................... 66

2.2.17 sigpending............................................................................................................... 67

2.2.18 sigprocmask ............................................................................................................ 68

2.2.19 sleep........................................................................................................................ 69

2.2.20 strerror.................................................................................................................... 70

2.3 内存控制篇........................................................................................................................ 71

2.3.1 calloc......................................................................................................................... 71

2.3.2 free............................................................................................................................ 72

2.3.3 getpagesize ............................................................................................................... 73

2.3.4 malloc ....................................................................................................................... 74

2.3.5 mmap........................................................................................................................ 74

2.3.6 munmap.................................................................................................................... 78

2.4 字符测试篇........................................................................................................................ 79

2.4.1 isalnum ..................................................................................................................... 79

2.4.2 isalpha....................................................................................................................... 80

2.4.3 isascii......................................................................................................................... 82

2.4.4 isdigit ........................................................................................................................ 83

2.4.5 isgraphis.................................................................................................................... 84

2.4.6 islower ...................................................................................................................... 86

2.4.7 isprint........................................................................................................................ 87

2.4.8 ispunct ...................................................................................................................... 88

2.4.9 isspace ...................................................................................................................... 89

2.4.10 isupper.................................................................................................................... 90

2.4.11 isxdigit..................................................................................................................... 91

2.5 接口处理篇........................................................................................................................ 93

2.5.1 accept ....................................................................................................................... 93

2.5.2 bind........................................................................................................................... 94

2.5.3 connect ..................................................................................................................... 96

2.5.4 endprotoent.............................................................................................................. 99

2.5.5 endservent................................................................................................................ 99

2.5.6 getsockopt .............................................................................................................. 100

Linux C 函数

2.5.7 atan2....................................................................................................................... 101

2.5.8 htons ....................................................................................................................... 102

2.5.9 inet_addr ................................................................................................................ 103

2.5.10 inet_aton .............................................................................................................. 103

2.5.11 inet_ntoa .............................................................................................................. 104

2.5.12 listen ..................................................................................................................... 105

2.5.13 ntohl...................................................................................................................... 108

2.5.14 ntohs..................................................................................................................... 109

2.5.15 recv ....................................................................................................................... 110

2.5.16 recvfrom ............................................................................................................... 111

2.5.17 recvmsg................................................................................................................. 114

2.5.18 send ...................................................................................................................... 115

2.5.19 sendmsg................................................................................................................ 116

2.5.20 sendto................................................................................................................... 118

2.5.21 setprotoent........................................................................................................... 120

2.5.22 setservent............................................................................................................. 121

2.5.23 setsockopt............................................................................................................. 122

2.5.24 shutdown.............................................................................................................. 123

2.5.25 socket.................................................................................................................... 124

2.6 文件操作篇...................................................................................................................... 126

2.6.1 close........................................................................................................................ 126

2.6.2 creat........................................................................................................................ 127

2.6.3 dup.......................................................................................................................... 128

2.6.4 adup2...................................................................................................................... 129

2.6.5 fcntl......................................................................................................................... 130

2.6.6 flock ........................................................................................................................ 133

2.6.7 fsync........................................................................................................................ 134

2.6.8 lseek........................................................................................................................ 135

2.6.9 mkstemp ................................................................................................................. 136

2.6.10 open...................................................................................................................... 138

2.6.11 read....................................................................................................................... 142

2.6.12 sync ....................................................................................................................... 144

2.6.13 write...................................................................................................................... 144

2.7 日期时间篇...................................................................................................................... 145

2.7.1 asctime.................................................................................................................... 145

2.7.2 ctime....................................................................................................................... 146

2.7.3 gettimeofday........................................................................................................... 147

2.7.4 gmtime.................................................................................................................... 150

2.7.5 localtime ................................................................................................................. 152

2.7.6 mktime.................................................................................................................... 153

2.7.7 settimeofday........................................................................................................... 154

2.7.8 time......................................................................................................................... 155

2.8 环境变量篇...................................................................................................................... 156

2.8.1 getenv ..................................................................................................................... 156

Linux C 函数

2.8.2 putenv..................................................................................................................... 157

2.8.3 setenv ..................................................................................................................... 158

2.9 终端控制篇...................................................................................................................... 160

2.9.1 getopt ..................................................................................................................... 160

2.9.2 isatty ....................................................................................................................... 162

2.9.3 ttyname................................................................................................................... 164

2.10 进程操作篇.................................................................................................................... 166

2.10.1 atexit..................................................................................................................... 166

2.10.2 execl...................................................................................................................... 167

2.10.3 execlp.................................................................................................................... 168

2.10.4 execv..................................................................................................................... 169

2.10.5 execve................................................................................................................... 170

2.10.6 execvp................................................................................................................... 173

2.10.7 exit ........................................................................................................................ 174

2.10.8 fprintf.................................................................................................................... 174

2.10.9 fscanf .................................................................................................................... 175

2.10.10 getpgid................................................................................................................ 177

2.10.11 getpgrp ............................................................................................................... 178

2.10.12 getpid.................................................................................................................. 178

2.10.13 getppid................................................................................................................ 179

2.10.14 getpriority........................................................................................................... 180

2.10.15 nice ..................................................................................................................... 181

2.10.16 on_exit................................................................................................................ 182

2.10.17 printf ................................................................................................................... 183

2.10.18 sacnf.................................................................................................................... 187

2.10.19 setpgid ................................................................................................................ 189

2.10.20 setpgrp................................................................................................................ 190

2.10.21 setpriority ........................................................................................................... 191

2.10.22 sprintf ................................................................................................................. 192

2.10.23 sscanf .................................................................................................................. 193

2.10.24 system................................................................................................................. 194

2.10.25 vfork.................................................................................................................... 196

2.10.26 vfprintf ................................................................................................................ 197

2.10.27 vfscanf................................................................................................................. 198

2.10.28 vprintf ................................................................................................................. 199

2.10.29 vscanf.................................................................................................................. 200

2.10.30 vsprintf................................................................................................................ 201

2.10.31 vsscanf ................................................................................................................ 202

2.10.32 wait ..................................................................................................................... 203

2.10.33 waitpid................................................................................................................ 204

2.11 常用数学函数................................................................................................................ 206

2.11.1 abs......................................................................................................................... 206

2.11.2 acos....................................................................................................................... 207

2.11.3 asin........................................................................................................................ 208

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