GitLab 2013：版本库管理实战

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"GitLab Repository Management.2013" GitLab是一个开源的版本控制系统，它提供了全面的Git仓库管理功能，以及持续集成、代码审查、问题追踪等项目协作工具。2013年的这份文档《GitLab Repository Management》旨在帮助用户深入理解如何使用GitLab有效地管理自己的项目，并根据自身环境进行定制。在GitLab中，仓库管理是核心功能之一，它允许用户存储、版本控制和协作开发代码。以下是GitLab仓库管理的一些关键知识点： 1. **仓库创建与克隆**：用户可以通过GitLab界面创建新的Git仓库，同时支持通过HTTPS、SSH等方式克隆到本地进行开发工作。 2. **分支管理**：GitLab支持创建、合并和删除分支。主分支通常为`master`，而开发新功能或修复bug时，开发者通常会创建新的分支，完成后再合并回主分支。 3. **代码审查（Merge Request）**：GitLab的Merge Request功能允许开发者发起请求，将他们的分支合并到主分支或其他分支。这过程中可以添加代码审查，确保代码质量。 4. **持续集成/持续部署(CI/CD)**：GitLab内置了CI/CD工具，用户可以编写`.gitlab-ci.yml`文件定义自动化构建、测试和部署流程。 5. **权限管理**：GitLab提供细粒度的访问控制，包括读取、写入、推送等不同级别的权限，可以设置仓库成员的角色，如开发人员、维护者等。 6. **问题追踪**：项目中的问题（Issue）追踪系统让团队成员可以创建、讨论和跟踪问题，促进团队协作。 7. **Wiki**：GitLab仓库支持创建Wiki，用于存放项目文档，方便团队成员共享知识。 8. **保护分支**：为了防止意外修改，可以对某些分支设置保护规则，比如禁止直接推送或要求合并请求必须通过审查。 9. **Web IDE**：GitLab Web IDE提供了在线编辑代码的环境，用户无需离开浏览器即可进行开发和提交。 10. **GitLab Runner**：作为CI/CD流程的一部分，GitLab Runner负责执行定义在`.gitlab-ci.yml`中的任务。 11. **版本发布**：GitLab支持创建并发布项目的版本，如里程碑（Milestone）和标签（Tag），便于管理和追踪项目进度。 12. **集成其他服务**：GitLab可以与各种第三方工具集成，如Jenkins、Docker、Slack等，扩展其功能。《GitLab Repository Management》这本书详细介绍了如何利用GitLab进行有效的项目管理和协作，适合希望提升团队开发效率和代码质量管理的个人和团队阅读。

Preface

[ 4 ]

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Chapter 1

[ 7 ]

Managing permissions

Who has the permission to do what, and how easy is it to add and change team

members? These are the key questions you should ask yourself when dealing with

administering users on any platform.

GitLab has some very well-designed roles, and allows you to apply these. From

guest to master, you have diverse possibilities to limit and grant access to functions

such as pushing to repositories or which branches a developer can push to, so that

you can control which code ends up in your product or project.

Documenting your project

Documenting projects can be a difcult thing to track, because it is often not

described as an important task from the start; but, with GitLab you have great tools

for making it more meaningful and faster to create. Through built-in issue tracking

and wikis, you can cross reference les, commits, and of course other wiki pages.

These are great tools that can enable your team to keep everybody on the same page

and prevent projects, no matter how complex, from growing into something that is

hard to understand.

Where GitLab excels

Anyone who develops software or manages software development can benet from

using GitLab. The core concept of Git is to get distributed to keep revisions of your

code maintainable and make a team work together more efciently.

Git is great at these things. The problem, which especially is an obstacle for

beginners, is that it does not present this very clearly.

Everything it shows is in a terminal window, and without using additional software

around it. It's not a very intuitive experience if you don't have years of experience

with the command-line interface or similar tools.

GitLab is like a user-friendly layer on top of Git, which provides ease of use, easily

managing permissions with clicks, instead of long shell commands. It has a much

more visual workow that increases your speed and ease of working with Git.

Also, it makes it much easier to help the newly hired developers to get started, or

update the head of your department on the state of a project—all in the browser.

Developers who join a project months after it has been kicked off can easily get an

overview, check the progress, and understand it quickly.

GitLab allows you to use the full potential of Git, without demanding you to work

only in the terminal on the server side.

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