Android基础知识详解_android基础知识

Android

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Android 基础知识详解

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目

录

参考书目 ................................................................................................................................................................... 2

目录 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 4

Android 的系统架构 ................................................................................................................................................. 7

一、应用程序 ................................................................................................................................................... 8

二、应用程序框架 ........................................................................................................................................... 8

三、Android Runtime ........................................................................................................................................ 9

四、系统库 ....................................................................................................................................................... 9

五、Linux 内核 ............................................................................................................................................... 10

Webkit 浏览器引擎简介 ......................................................................................................................................... 11

Dalvik 虚拟机简介 .................................................................................................................................................. 13

什么是 Dalvik 虚拟机 ..................................................................................................................................... 13

Dalvik 和 Android 系统 ................................................................................................................................... 13

Dalvik 虚拟机的主要特征............................................................................................................................... 14

Android 应用开发和 Dalvik 虚拟机................................................................................................................ 17

Activity 生命周期 .................................................................................................................................................... 18

一、Activity 栈 ................................................................................................................................................ 18

二、Activity 的 4 种状态 ................................................................................................................................ 18

三、Activity 的生命周期 ................................................................................................................................ 19

四、实例说明 ................................................................................................................................................. 20

Android 控件的继承关系 ....................................................................................................................................... 24

一、View 与 ViewGroup 关系 ........................................................................................................................ 24

二、各控件的继承关系 ................................................................................................................................. 25

界面布局 ................................................................................................................................................................. 27

LinearLayout(线性布局) .................................................................................................................................. 27

TableLayout(表格布局) ................................................................................................................................... 30

RelativeLayout(相对布局) ............................................................................................................................... 33

AbsoluteLayout(绝对布局) .............................................................................................................................. 36

FrameLayout(框架布局) .................................................................................................................................. 36

Toast ......................................................................................................................................................................... 38

Notification .............................................................................................................................................................. 40

对话框 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 44

一、带三个按钮的对话框 ............................................................................................................................. 44

二、简单列表对话框、单选列表对话框、多选列表对话框 ...................................................................... 46

三、水平进度对话框和圆形进度对话框 ..................................................................................................... 49

四、自定义对话框 ......................................................................................................................................... 51

Menu 菜单 ............................................................................................................................................................... 54

选项菜单 ......................................................................................................................................................... 54

上下文菜单 ..................................................................................................................................................... 55

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三、子菜单 ..................................................................................................................................................... 56

4 种响应菜单项单击事件的方式 .................................................................................................................. 58

显示和编辑文本的控件 ......................................................................................................................................... 59

TextView .......................................................................................................................................................... 59

CheckedTextView ............................................................................................................................................. 62

EditText ............................................................................................................................................................ 62

ExtraEditText .................................................................................................................................................... 63

AutoComplteteTextView、MultiAutoCompleteTextView (自动完成输入内容) ............................................ 63

Button .............................................................................................................................................................. 65

ImageButton .................................................................................................................................................... 67

ZoomButton ..................................................................................................................................................... 67

日期和时间控件 ..................................................................................................................................................... 68

DatePicker、TimePicker .................................................................................................................................. 68

AnalogClock、DigitalClock .............................................................................................................................. 70

单选框、复选框、开关状态按钮 ......................................................................................................................... 71

单项选择(RadioGroup、RadioButton) ........................................................................................................... 71

复选框(CheckBox) ........................................................................................................................................... 73

开关状态按钮(ToggleButton) ......................................................................................................................... 75

下拉列表框 Spinner ................................................................................................................................................ 76

ScrollView、HorizontalScrollView........................................................................................................................... 79

垂直滚动（ScrollView） ................................................................................................................................ 79

水平滚动（HorizontalScrollView） ................................................................................................................ 80

两个方向均可滚动 ......................................................................................................................................... 80

TabHost .................................................................................................................................................................... 81

ProgressBar、SeekBar、RatingBar ......................................................................................................................... 83

进度条(ProgressBar) ........................................................................................................................................ 83

拖动条(SeekBar) .............................................................................................................................................. 85

评分组件(RatingBar) ....................................................................................................................................... 88

GridView、Gallery 和 ImageSwitcher ..................................................................................................................... 90

GridView .......................................................................................................................................................... 90

Gallery 和 ImageSwitcher ................................................................................................................................ 93

ListView ................................................................................................................................................................... 96

一、普通的 ListView ....................................................................................................................................... 96

可以单选和多选的 ListView ........................................................................................................................... 97

使用 SimpleAdapter 建立复杂的列表项 ....................................................................................................... 99

自定义 Adapter 来建立复杂的列表项 ........................................................................................................ 101

动态添加、删除 ListView 列表项 ................................................................................................................ 104

改变 ListView 列表项选中状态的背景颜色 ................................................................................................ 104

可展开的列表组件 ....................................................................................................................................... 104

数据的存取 ........................................................................................................................................................... 105

SharePreferences 6.1 ..................................................................................................................................... 105

文件的存储 6.2 ............................................................................................................................................. 105

SQLite 数据库 6.4 .......................................................................................................................................... 105

ContentProvider、ContentResolver 6.5 ........................................................................................................ 107

Intent ..................................................................................................................................................................... 108