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Universal Disk

Format

Specification

Revision 2.50

April 30, 2003





Optical Storage Technology Association

REVISION HISTORY

1.00 October 24, 1995 Original Release

1.01 November 3, 1995 DVD appendix added

1.02 August 30, 1996 Incorporates Document Change Notices DCN 2-001 through DCN 2-024

1.50 February 4, 1997 Integrated support for CD-R and CD-RW media (DCN 2-025 through

DCN 2-032)

2.00 April 3, 1998 Integrated support for ECMA 167 3

Edition which included the support

for named streams. (DCN 2-033 through DCN 2-064)

2.01 March 15, 2000 Incorporates DCNs 5000, 5002, 5004, 5006-5009, 5013-5015, 5018-

5021, 5024-5027, 5029-5032, 5034-5042, 5044-5048, 5050

2.50 April 15, 2003 Incorporates DCNs 5049, 5061-5066, 5068-5072, 5074-5079, 5081-5082,

5086, 5089, 5090.

April 30, 2003 Approved by committee vote. Minor formatting changes.

POINTS OF CONTACT

Optical Storage Technology Association

http://www.osta.org

Contact information

http://www.osta.org/osta/contact.htm

Technical Editor

editor.udf@osta.org

Technical questions

info@osta.org

OSTA UDF E-Mail Reflector

To subscribe: address request@list.osta.org

with

“subscribe udf” as a line in the mail text.

To unsubscribe: address request@list.osta.org

with

“unsubscribe udf” as a line in the mail text.

Send messages to UDF reflector: udf@list.osta.org

Important Notices

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(a) THIS DOCUMENT IS AN AUTHORIZED AND APPROVED PUBLICATION OF OSTA. THE SPECIFICATIONS CONTAINED HEREIN ARE

THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF OSTA BUT MAY BE REFERRED TO AND UTILIZED BY THE GENERAL PUBLIC FOR ANY LEGITIMATE

PURPOSE, PARTICULARLY IN THE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF WRITABLE OPTICAL SYSTEMS AND SUBSYSTEMS. THIS

DOCUMENT MAY BE COPIED IN WHOLE OR IN PART PROVIDED THAT NO REVISIONS, ALTERATIONS, OR CHANGES OF ANY KIND

ARE MADE TO THE MATERIALS CONTAINED HEREIN.

(b) COMPLIANCE WITH THIS DOCUMENT MAY REQUIRE USE OF ONE OR MORE FEATURES COVERED BY THE PATENT RIGHTS OF AN

OSTA MEMBER, ASSOCIATE OR THIRD PARTY. NO POSITION IS TAKEN BY OSTA WITH RESPECT TO THE VALIDITY OR

INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT, WHETHER OWNED BY A MEMBER OR

ASSOCIATE OF OSTA OR OTHERWISE. OSTA HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL

PROPERTY RIGHTS OF OTHERS BY VIRTUE OF THIS OSTA DOCUMENT, NOR DOES OSTA UNDERTAKE A DUTY TO ADVISE USERS OR

POTENTIAL USERS OF OSTA DOCUMENTS OF SUCH NOTICES OR ALLEGATIONS. OSTA HEREBY EXPRESSLY ADVISES ALL USERS OR

POTENTIAL USERS OF THIS DOCUMENT TO INVESTIGATE AND ANALYZE ANY POTENTIAL INFRINGEMENT SITUATION, SEEK THE

ADVICE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY COUNSEL AND, IF INDICATED, OBTAIN A LICENSE UNDER ANY APPLICABLE INTELLECTUAL

PROPERTY RIGHT OR TAKE THE NECESSARY STEPS TO AVOID INFRINGEMENT OF ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. OSTA

EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY INTENT TO PROMOTE INFRINGEMENT OF ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT BY VIRTUE OF THE

EVOLUTION, ADOPTION, OR PUBLICATION OF THIS OSTA DOCUMENT.

NONDISCRIMINATORY TERMS, ON A RECIPROCAL BASIS, UNDER PATENT CLAIMS ESSENTIAL TO IMPLEMENT THIS SPECIFICATION.

FURTHER INFORMATION MAY BE OBTAINED FROM OSTA.

(d) OSTA MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY REGARDING ANY SPECIFICATION, AND ANY COMPANY USING A SPECIFICATION

SHALL DO SO AT ITS SOLE RISK, INCLUDING SPECIFICALLY THE RISKS THAT A PRODUCT DEVELOPED WILL NOT BE COMPATIBLE

WITH ANY OTHER PRODUCT OR THAT ANY PARTICULAR PERFORMANCE WILL NOT BE ACHIEVED. OSTA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE

FOR ANY EXEMPLARY, INCIDENTAL, PROXIMATE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR EXPENSES ARISING FROM THE USE OR

IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS DOCUMENT. THIS DOCUMENT DEFINES ONLY ONE APPROACH TO COMPATIBILITY, AND OTHER

APPROACHES MAY BE AVAILABLE IN THE INDUSTRY.

Universal Disk Format

and UDF

are registered marks of the Optical Storage Technology Association.

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................1

1.1 Document Layout .......................................................................................................................2

1.2 Compliance..................................................................................................................................3

1.3 General References.....................................................................................................................4

1.3.1 References ...............................................................................................................................4

1.3.2 Definitions ...............................................................................................................................4

1.3.3 Terms.......................................................................................................................................7

1.3.4 Acronyms.................................................................................................................................7

2. BASIC RESTRICTIONS & REQUIREMENTS....................................................8

2.1 Part 1 - General ........................................................................................................................11

2.1.1 Character Sets........................................................................................................................11

2.1.2 OSTA CS0 Charspec.............................................................................................................12

2.1.3 Dstrings..................................................................................................................................12

2.1.4 Timestamp .............................................................................................................................13

2.1.5 Entity Identifier......................................................................................................................14

2.1.6 Descriptor Tag Serial Number at Formatting Time ...............................................................19

2.1.7 Volume Recognition Sequence..............................................................................................19

2.2 Part 3 - Volume Structure........................................................................................................21

2.2.1 Descriptor Tag.......................................................................................................................21

2.2.2 Primary Volume Descriptor...................................................................................................22

2.2.3 Anchor Volume Descriptor Pointer .......................................................................................24

2.2.4 Logical Volume Descriptor....................................................................................................25

2.2.5 Unallocated Space Descriptor................................................................................................27

2.2.6 Logical Volume Integrity Descriptor.....................................................................................27

2.2.7 Implemention Use Volume Descriptor ..................................................................................30

2.2.8 Virtual Partition Map.............................................................................................................32

2.2.9 Sparable Partition Map..........................................................................................................32

2.2.10 Metadata Partition Map.....................................................................................................33

2.2.11 Virtual Allocation Table ...................................................................................................35

2.2.12 Sparing Table....................................................................................................................37

2.2.13 Metadata Partition.............................................................................................................39

2.2.14 Partition Descriptor...........................................................................................................45

2.3 Part 4 - File System...................................................................................................................47

2.3.1 Descriptor Tag.......................................................................................................................47

2.3.2 File Set Descriptor.................................................................................................................48

2.3.3 Partition Header Descriptor...................................................................................................50

2.3.4 File Identifier Descriptor .......................................................................................................51

2.3.5 ICB Tag .................................................................................................................................53

2.3.6 File Entry...............................................................................................................................56

2.3.7 Unallocated Space Entry........................................................................................................58

2.3.8 Space Bitmap Descriptor.......................................................................................................59

2.3.9 Partition Integrity Entry.........................................................................................................59

2.3.10 Allocation Descriptors ......................................................................................................59

iii

2.3.11 Allocation Extent Descriptor.............................................................................................61

2.3.12 Pathname...........................................................................................................................62

2.4 Part 5 - Record Structure ........................................................................................................62

3. SYSTEM DEPENDENT REQUIREMENTS .......................................................63

3.1 Part 1 - General ........................................................................................................................63

3.1.1 Timestamp .............................................................................................................................63

3.2 Part 3 - Volume Structure........................................................................................................64

3.2.1 Logical Volume Header Descriptor.......................................................................................64

3.3 Part 4 - File System...................................................................................................................66

3.3.1 File Identifier Descriptor .......................................................................................................66

3.3.2 ICB Tag .................................................................................................................................67

3.3.3 File Entry...............................................................................................................................70

3.3.4 Extended Attributes ...............................................................................................................74

3.3.5 Named Streams......................................................................................................................84

3.3.6 Extended Attributes as named streams...................................................................................86

3.3.7 UDF Defined System Streams...............................................................................................87

3.3.8 UDF Defined Non-System Streams.......................................................................................94

4. USER INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS ..............................................................96

4.1 Part 3 – Volume Structure.......................................................................................................96

4.2 Part 4 – File System..................................................................................................................96

4.2.1 ICB Tag .................................................................................................................................96

4.2.2 File Identifier Descriptor .......................................................................................................97

5. INFORMATIVE ....................................................................................................106

5.1 Descriptor Lengths.................................................................................................................106

5.2 Using Implementation Use Areas..........................................................................................106

5.2.1 Entity Identifiers..................................................................................................................106

5.2.2 Orphan Space.......................................................................................................................106

5.3 Boot Descriptor.......................................................................................................................107

5.4 Clarification of Unrecorded Sectors .....................................................................................107

6. APPENDICES........................................................................................................108

6.1 UDF Entity Identifier Definitions..........................................................................................108

6.2 UDF Entity Identifier Values.................................................................................................109

6.3 Operating System Identifiers.................................................................................................110

6.4 OSTA Compressed Unicode Algorithm................................................................................112

6.5 CRC Calculation.....................................................................................................................114

6.6 Algorithm for Strategy Type 4096 ........................................................................................117

6.7 Identifier Translation Algorithms.........................................................................................118

6.7.1 DOS Algorithm....................................................................................................................118

6.7.2 OS/2, Macintosh,Windows 95, Windows NT and UNIX Algorithm...................................126

6.8 Extended Attribute Checksum Algorithm............................................................................131

6.9 Requirements for DVD-ROM ...............................................................................................132

6.9.1 Constraints imposed on UDF by DVD-Video .....................................................................132

6.9.2 How to read a UDF DVD-Video disc..................................................................................133

6.9.3 Obtaining DVD Documents.................................................................................................135

6.10 Recommendations for CD Media..........................................................................................136

6.10.1 Use of UDF on CD-R media...........................................................................................136

6.10.2 Use of UDF on CD-RW media.......................................................................................138

6.10.3 Multisession and Mixed Mode........................................................................................141

6.11 Real-Time Files.......................................................................................................................143

6.12 Requirements for DVD-R/-RW/RAM interchangeability...................................................144

6.12.1 Requirements for DVD-RAM.........................................................................................144

6.12.2 Requirements for DVD-RW............................................................................................144

6.12.3 Requirements for DVD-R ...............................................................................................145

6.12.4 Requirements for Real-Time file recording on DVD discs.............................................145

6.13 Recommendations for DVD+R and DVD+RW Media........................................................147

6.13.1 Use of UDF for incremental writing on DVD+R media .................................................147

6.13.2 Use of UDF on DVD+RW 4.7 GBytes Basic Format media..........................................150

6.14 Recommendations for Mount Rainier formatted media.....................................................152

6.14.1 Properties of CD-MRW and DVD+MRW media and drives..........................................152

6.14.2 Background Physical Formatting....................................................................................152

6.15 UDF Media Format Revision History...................................................................................153

6.16 Developer Registration Form................................................................................................156

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