计算机专业外文翻译(JAVA)

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Business Applications of Java

This article examines the growing use of Java technology in business applications. The

history of Java is briefly reviewed along with the impact of open standards on the growth of

the World Wide Web. Key components and concepts of the Java programming language are

explained including the Java Virtual Machine. Examples of how Java is being used by e-

commerce leaders is provided along with an explanation of how Java is used to develop data

warehousing, data mining, and industrial automation applications. The concept of metadata

Business Information Systems > Business Applications of Java

Overview

Open standards have driven the e-business revolution. Networking protocol standards,

such as Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), HyperText Transfer

Protocol (HTTP), and the HyperText Markup Language (HTML) Web standards have enabled

universal communication via the Internet and the World Wide Web. As e-business continues to

develop, various computing technologies help to drive its evolution.

The Java programming language and platform have emerged as major technologies for

performing e-business functions. Java programming standards have enabled portability of

applications and the reuse of application components across computing platforms. Sun

people and led by James Gosling, locked themselves away in an anonymous office on Sand

Hill Road in Menlo Park, cut off from all regular communications with Sun, and worked

around the clock for 18 months. Their initial conclusion was that at least one significant trend

would be the convergence of digitally controlled consumer devices and computers. A device-

independent programming language code-named "Oak" was the result.

To demonstrate how this new language could power the future of digital devices, the

Green Team developed an interactive, handheld home-entertainment device controller

targeted at the digital cable television industry. But the idea was too far ahead of its time, and

the digital cable television industry wasn't ready for the leap forward that Java technology

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offered them. As it turns out, the Internet was ready for Java technology, and just in time for

as if it were a separate computer. Benefits of creating virtual machines include better

exploitation of powerful computing resources and isolation of applications to prevent cross-

corruption and improve security (Matlis, 2006).

The JVM allows computing devices with limited processors or memory to handle more

advanced applications by calling up software instructions inside the JVM to perform most of

the work. This also reduces the size and complexity of Java applications because many of the

core functions and processing instructions were built into the JVM. As a result, software

developers no longer need to re-create the same application for every operating system. Java

also provides security by instructing the application to interact with the virtual machine,

which served as a barrier between applications and the core system, effectively protecting

Today, you can find Java technology in networks and devices that range from the Internet

and scientific supercomputers to laptops and cell phones, from Wall Street market simulators

to home game players and credit cards. There are over 3 million Java developers and now

there are several versions of the code. Most large corporations have in-house Java developers.

In addition, the majority of key software vendors use Java in their commercial applications

(Lazaridis, 2003).

Applications

Java on the World Wide Web

Java has found a place on some of the most popular websites in the world and the uses of

Java continues to grow. Java applications not only provide unique user interfaces, they also

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eBay, even if you didn't know it existed. On a typical day, more than 100 million items are

Microsystems' Java System Identity Manager as the platform for revamping its identity

management system. The task at hand was to provide identity management for more than

12,000 eBay employees and contractors.

Now more than a thousand eBay software developers work daily with Java applications.

Java's inherent portability allows eBay to move to new hardware to take advantage of new

technology, packaging, or pricing, without having to rewrite Java code ("eBay drives

explosive growth," 2007).

Amazon

Amazon.com (a large seller of books, CDs, and other products) has created a Web

Service application that enables users to browse their product catalog and place orders.

The benefits of Java translate across many industries, and some are specific to the control

and automation environment. For example, many plant-floor applications use relatively

simple equipment; upgrading to PCs would be expensive and undesirable. Java's ability to run

on any platform enables the organization to make use of the existing equipment while

enhancing the application.

Integration

With few exceptions, applications running on the factory floor were never intended to

exchange information with systems in the executive office, but managers have recently

discovered the need for that type of information. Before Java, that often meant bringing

together data from systems written on different platforms in different languages at different