Klocwork_Tuning_Analysis_C_C++.pdf

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Tuning Klocwork

Analysis for C/C++

Software release 8.0 SR1

Document version 4.0

This document, as well as the software described in it, is furnished under license and may only be

used or copied in accordance with the terms of such license. The information contained herein is the

property of Klocwork Inc. and is confidential between Klocwork Inc. and the client and remains the

exclusive property of Klocwork Inc. No part of this documentation may be copied, translated, stored

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Klocwork Inc. and Klocwork are registered trademarks and Klocwork Insight, Klocwork Solo, Klocwork Insight Architect, Klocwork Insight

Review, Klocwork Source Cross-Reference, Klocwork Management Console, Klocwork Developer for Java in Eclipse, Klocwork for C/C++,

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Klocwork Inc.

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iii

Contents

Chapter 1 Getting started 5

Who should use this book ............................................................................................................................. 5

Why tune Klocwork analysis? ...................................................................................................................... 5

Documentation conventions ......................................................................................................................... 6

Help and support ........................................................................................................................................... 6

Chapter 2 Using macro simplification to tune Klocwork analysis 9

Overriding macro definitions ........................................................................................................................ 9

#kw_override ..................................................................................................................................... 9

#kw_nodef ....................................................................................................................................... 12

Using the __KLOCWORK__ macro .......................................................................................................... 12

Ignoring default macro definitions .............................................................................................................. 13

Changing default macro definitions ............................................................................................................ 13

Example: Dealing with NPD false positives caused by custom asserts ...................................................... 14

Chapter 3 Using knowledge base files to tune Klocwork analysis 17

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 17

Creating and applying a knowledge base file ............................................................................................. 18

Creating a knowledge base file ........................................................................................................ 18

Using your knowledge base in Klocwork analysis .......................................................................... 18

Examples .................................................................................................................................................... 18

Tuning the memory leak checker .................................................................................................... 18

Tuning the NPD checker ................................................................................................................. 24

Tuning the Resource Leak checker .................................................................................................. 29

Appendix A Knowledge base specification 33

Knowledge base syntax for C/C++ ............................................................................................................. 33

About records and fields .................................................................................................................. 33

Common syntax elements in the Specification field ........................................................................ 37

Specification fields for default record kinds ............................................................................................... 41

ACQUIRE ....................................................................................................................................... 41

ALLOC ............................................................................................................................................ 44

BAA ................................................................................................................................................ 46

BPS .................................................................................................................................................. 48

CHECKRET .................................................................................................................................... 48

CONDNORET ................................................................................................................................ 49

DMEM............................................................................................................................................. 50

FREE ............................................................................................................................................... 52

IAA .................................................................................................................................................. 52

LOCK .............................................................................................................................................. 53

NORET ............................................................................................................................................ 54

NPD ................................................................................................................................................. 54

NPD.SRC ........................................................................................................................................ 55

iv Contents

R ...................................................................................................................................................... 57



RELEASE ....................................................................................................................................... 59

RET ................................................................................................................................................. 60

RETARG ......................................................................................................................................... 61

SAFE_FREE ................................................................................................................................... 62

SLEEP ............................................................................................................................................. 62

TaintedIntData ................................................................................................................................. 63

TSFMTsink ..................................................................................................................................... 63

TSprop ............................................................................................................................................. 64

TSsrc ................................................................................................................................................ 64

UNLOCK ........................................................................................................................................ 65

UnsafeAllocSizeAccepter ................................................................................................................ 65

UnsafeArrayIndexAccepter ............................................................................................................. 66

UnsafeLoopBoundAccepter ............................................................................................................ 66

W ..................................................................................................................................................... 66

xNPD ............................................................................................................................................... 67

xRET ............................................................................................................................................... 67