JESD84-B51: eMMC 5.1电气标准详解

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"JESD84-B51.pdf 是JEDEC固态技术协会发布的一份关于嵌入式多媒体卡（eMMC）电气标准的文档，版本为5.1，更新自2014年7月的JESD84-B50.1。这份标准旨在消除制造商和购买者之间的误解，促进产品的互换性和改进，帮助购买者快速选择并获取合适的产品，无论是在国内还是国际市场上。" 嵌入式多媒体卡(eMMC)是JEDEC定义的一种标准接口，它将存储器芯片与控制器集成在单一封装内，主要用于移动设备和消费电子产品中。eMMC 5.1标准详细规定了这种存储解决方案的电气、机械和热特性，确保不同厂商生产的eMMC产品之间具有良好的兼容性。在JESD84-B51中，你会了解到以下关键知识点： 1. **电气规范**：标准详细描述了eMMC设备与主机之间的通信协议，包括SPI（串行外设接口）和HS200/HS400高速模式，这些模式支持更高的数据传输速率，满足高速读写需求。 2. **命令集**：eMMC标准定义了一套命令集，如读/写命令、擦除命令、初始化命令等，这些命令使得主机能够控制存储设备进行各种操作。 3. **错误校验和恢复**：文档中包含了错误检测和纠正机制，如CRC（循环冗余校验）和ECC（错误校验编码），确保数据传输的可靠性。 4. **电源管理**：eMMC设备的电源管理部分规定了不同工作状态下的电压和电流要求，以及低功耗模式，这对于电池供电的移动设备至关重要。 5. **热管理**：考虑到设备在高温环境下的运行，标准提出了热管理策略，确保设备在不同温度条件下的稳定性能。 6. **安全特性**：eMMC 5.1可能包含安全功能，如加密和访问控制，保护存储在其中的数据不受非法访问。 7. **设备识别和配置**：标准描述了如何识别和配置不同的eMMC设备，包括设备ID、容量信息和配置寄存器的使用。 8. **测试和兼容性**：文档还包含了测试程序和兼容性要求，确保产品符合标准并能与其他符合标准的系统无缝协作。 9. **NAND闪存管理**：由于eMMC通常使用NAND闪存作为存储介质，标准中会涉及到NAND闪存的特定管理，如坏块管理和磨损均衡。 10. **软件支持**：为了与主机操作系统进行交互，eMMC设备需要有对应的驱动程序支持，标准可能会提供接口和驱动开发指南。通过遵循JESD84-B51标准，制造商可以制造出与市场上的其他eMMC产品兼容的高质量存储设备，同时消费者和系统设计者也能从中受益，确保他们的设备能可靠、高效地运行。

JEDEC Standard No. 84-B51

-xii-

Table 50 — Block-oriented read commands (class 2) ............................................................................................... 127

Table 51 — Class 3 commands ................................................................................................................................. 127

Table 52 — Block-oriented write commands (class 4).............................................................................................. 128

Table 53 — Block-oriented write protection commands (class 6) ............................................................................ 129

Table 54 — Erase commands (class 5) ...................................................................................................................... 130

Table 55 — I/O mode commands (class 9) ............................................................................................................... 131

Table 56 — Lock Device commands (class 7) .......................................................................................................... 131

Table 57 — Application-specific commands (class 8) .............................................................................................. 131

Table 58 — Security Protocols (class 10) ................................................................................................................. 132

Table 59 — Command Queue (Class 11) .................................................................................................................. 133

Table 60 — Device state transitions .......................................................................................................................... 134

Table 61 — Device state transitions (cont’d) ............................................................................................................ 135

Table 62 — Device state transitions (cont’d) ............................................................................................................ 136

Table 63 — R1 response ........................................................................................................................................... 136

Table 64 — R2 response ........................................................................................................................................... 137

Table 65 — R3 Response .......................................................................................................................................... 137

Table 66 — R4 response ........................................................................................................................................... 137

Table 67 — R5 response ........................................................................................................................................... 137

Table 68 — Device status .......................................................................................................................................... 139

Table 69 — Device Status field/command - cross reference ..................................................................................... 141

Table 70 — Response 1 Status Bit Valid .................................................................................................................. 142

Table 71 — Timing Parameters ................................................................................................................................. 154

Table 72 — Timing Parameters for HS200 and HS400 mode................................................................................... 155

Table 73 — H/W reset timing parameters ................................................................................................................. 159

Table 74 — OCR register definitions ........................................................................................................................ 161

Table 75 — CID Fields ............................................................................................................................................. 162

Table 76 — Device Types ......................................................................................................................................... 162

Table 77 — Valid MDT “y” Field Values ................................................................................................................. 163

Table 78 — CSD Fields ............................................................................................................................................. 164

Table 79 — CSD register structure ........................................................................................................................... 165

Table 80 — System specification version ................................................................................................................. 165

Table 81 — TAAC access-time definition ................................................................................................................ 165

Table 82 — Maximum bus clock frequency definition ............................................................................................. 166

Table 83 — Supported Device command classes ...................................................................................................... 166

Table 84 — Data block length ................................................................................................................................... 166

Table 85 — DSR implementation code table ............................................................................................................ 167

Table 86 — V

(min) current consumption ............................................................................................................. 168

Table 87 — V

(max) current consumption ............................................................................................................ 168

Table 88 — Multiplier factor for device size............................................................................................................. 169

Table 89 — R2W_FACTOR ..................................................................................................................................... 170

Table 90 — File formats ............................................................................................................................................ 171

Table 91 — ECC type ............................................................................................................................................... 171

Table 92 — CSD field command classes .................................................................................................................. 172

Table 93 — Extended CSD ....................................................................................................................................... 173

Table 94 — EXT_SECURITY_ERR byte description .............................................................................................. 178

Table 95 — Device-supported command sets ........................................................................................................... 178

Table 96 — HPI features ........................................................................................................................................... 178

JEDEC Standard No. 84-B51

-xiii-

Table 97 — Background operations support ............................................................................................................. 179

Table 98 — Context Management Context Capabilities ........................................................................................... 180

Table 99 — Extended CSD Register Support............................................................................................................ 180

Table 100 — SUPPORTED_MODES ...................................................................................................................... 180

Table 101 — FFU FEATURES ................................................................................................................................. 180

Table 102 — MODE_OPERATION_CODES timeout definition ............................................................................ 181

Table 103 — Device life time estimation type B value ............................................................................................. 182

Table 104 — Device life time estimation type A value ............................................................................................. 183

Table 105 — Pre EOL info value .............................................................................................................................. 183

Table 106 — Optimal read size value ....................................................................................................................... 184

Table 107 — Optimal write size value ...................................................................................................................... 184

Table 108 — Optimal trim unit size value ................................................................................................................ 184

Table 109 — Generic Switch Timeout Definition ..................................................................................................... 185

Table 110 — Power off long switch timeout definition ............................................................................................ 185

Table 111 — Background operations status .............................................................................................................. 186

Table 112 — Correctly programmed sectors number ................................................................................................ 186

Table 113 — Initialization Time out value ................................................................................................................ 186

Table 114 — Cache Flushing Policy ......................................................................................................................... 187

Table 115 — TRIM/DISCARD Time out value........................................................................................................ 187

Table 116 — SEC Feature Support ........................................................................................................................... 188

Table 117 — Secure Erase time-out value ................................................................................................................ 189

Table 118 — Secure Erase time-out value ................................................................................................................ 189

Table 119 — Boot information .................................................................................................................................. 190

Table 120 — Boot partition size ................................................................................................................................ 190

Table 121 — Access size ........................................................................................................................................... 191

Table 122 — Superpage size ..................................................................................................................................... 191

Table 123 — Erase-unit size ...................................................................................................................................... 191

Table 124 — Erase timeout values ............................................................................................................................ 192

Table 125 — Reliable write sector count .................................................................................................................. 192

Table 126 — Write protect group size ....................................................................................................................... 192

Table 127 — S_C_VCC, S_C_VCCQ Sleep Current ............................................................................................... 193

Table 128 — Production State Awareness timeout definition ................................................................................... 193

Table 129 — Sleep/awake timeout values ................................................................................................................. 194

Table 130 — Sleep Notification timeout values ........................................................................................................ 194

Table 131 — SECURE_WP_INFO ........................................................................................................................... 195

Table 132 — R/W access performance values .......................................................................................................... 196

Table 133 — Power classes ....................................................................................................................................... 197

Table 134 — Partition switch timeout definition ...................................................................................................... 198

Table 135 — Out-of-interrupt timeout definition ...................................................................................................... 198

Table 136 — Supported Driver Strengths ................................................................................................................. 199

Table 137 — Device types ........................................................................................................................................ 200

Table 138 — CSD register structure.......................................................................................................................... 200

Table 139 — Extended CSD revisions ...................................................................................................................... 201

Table 140 — Standard MMC command set revisions ............................................................................................... 201

Table 141 — Power class codes ................................................................................................................................ 201

Table 142 — HS_TIMING (timing and driver strength) ........................................................................................... 202

Table 143 — HS_TIMING Interface values ............................................................................................................. 202

JEDEC Standard No. 84-B51

-xiv-

Table 144 — BUS_WIDTH ...................................................................................................................................... 203

Table 145 — Bus Mode Selection ............................................................................................................................. 203

Table 146 — Erased memory content values ............................................................................................................ 203

Table 147 — Boot configuration bytes ...................................................................................................................... 204

Table 148 — Boot configuration protection .............................................................................................................. 205

Table 149 — Boot bus configuration ........................................................................................................................ 205

Table 150 — Bus Width and Timing Mode Transition ............................................................................................. 206

Table 151 — ERASE_GROUP_DEF ........................................................................................................................ 207

Table 152 — BOOT_WP_STATUS ......................................................................................................................... 207

Table 153 — BOOT area Partitions write protection ................................................................................................ 208

Table 154 — User area write protection .................................................................................................................... 210

Table 155 — FW Update Disable ............................................................................................................................. 211

Table 156 — RPMB Partition Size............................................................................................................................ 211

Table 157 — Write reliability setting ........................................................................................................................ 212

Table 158 — Write reliability parameter register ...................................................................................................... 213

Table 159 — Background operations enable ............................................................................................................. 214

Table 160 — H/W reset function ............................................................................................................................... 215

Table 161 — HPI management ................................................................................................................................. 215

Table 162 — Partitioning Support ............................................................................................................................. 216

Table 163 — Max. Enhanced Area Size .................................................................................................................... 216

Table 164 — Partitions Attribute .............................................................................................................................. 217

Table 165 — Partition Setting ................................................................................................................................... 217

Table 166 — General Purpose Partition Size ............................................................................................................ 218

Table 167 — Enhanced User Data Area Size ............................................................................................................ 219

Table 168 — Enhanced User Data Start Address ...................................................................................................... 219

Table 169 — Secure Bad Block management ........................................................................................................... 219

Table 170 — PRODUCTION_STATE_AWARENESS states ................................................................................. 220

Table 171 — PERIODIC_WAKEUP ........................................................................................................................ 221

Table 172 — CMD26 and CMD27 in DDR mode Support ...................................................................................... 221

Table 173 — Initialization Time out value ................................................................................................................ 222

Table 174 — Class 6 usage ....................................................................................................................................... 222

Table 175 — EXCEPTION_EVENTS_CTRL[56] ................................................................................................... 223

Table 176 — EXCEPTION_EVENTS_CTRL[57] ................................................................................................... 223

Table 177 — EXCEPTION_EVENTS_STATUS[54] .............................................................................................. 223

Table 178 — EXCEPTION_EVENTS_STATUS[55] .............................................................................................. 223

Table 179 — First Byte EXT_PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE[52] ............................................................................. 224

Table 180 — Second Byte EXT_PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE[53] ........................................................................ 224

Table 181 — CONTEXT_CONF configuration format ............................................................................................ 225

Table 182 — Packed Command Status Register ....................................................................................................... 225

Table 183 — Valid POWER_OFF_NOTIFICATION values ................................................................................... 226

Table 184 — CACHE ENABLE ............................................................................................................................... 226

Table 185 — FLUSH CACHE .................................................................................................................................. 227

Table 186 — BARRIER_CTRL ................................................................................................................................ 227

Table 187 — Valid MODE_CONFIG values ............................................................................................................ 227

Table 188 — Valid MODE_OPERATION_CODES values ..................................................................................... 228

Table 189 — FFU Status codes ................................................................................................................................. 228

Table 190 — Production State Awareness Enablement ............................................................................................ 229

JEDEC Standard No. 84-B51

-xv-

Table 191 — Secure Removal Type .......................................................................................................................... 230

Table 192 — Command Queue Mode Enable ........................................................................................................... 230

Table 193 — SECURE_WP_MODE_ENABLE ....................................................................................................... 231

Table 194 — SECURE _WP_MODE_CONFIG ...................................................................................................... 232

Table 195 — Error correction codes.......................................................................................................................... 233

Table 196 — DSR register content ............................................................................................................................ 242

Table 197 — General operating conditions ............................................................................................................... 244

Table 198 — e•MMC power supply voltage ............................................................................................................. 246

Table 199 — e•MMC voltage combinations ............................................................................................................. 246

Table 200 — Capacitance and Resistors ................................................................................................................... 247

Table 201 — AC Overshoot/Undershoot Specification ............................................................................................ 249

Table 202 — Open-drain bus signal level ................................................................................................................. 250

Table 203 — Push-pull signal level—high-voltage e•MMC ..................................................................................... 250

Table 204 — Push-pull signal level—1.70 V -1.95 V V

CCQ

voltage Range .............................................................. 250

Table 205 — Push-pull signal level—1.1 V-1.3 V V

CCQ

range e•MMC ................................................................... 250

Table 206 — I/O driver strength types ...................................................................................................................... 251

Table 207 — Driver Type-0 AC Characteristics ...................................................................................................... 252

Table 208 — High-speed Device interface timing .................................................................................................... 253

Table 209 — Backward-compatible Device interface timing.................................................................................... 254

Table 210 — High-speed dual rate interface timing .................................................................................................. 256

Table 211 — HS200 Clock signal timing .................................................................................................................. 257

Table 212 — HS200 Device input timing ................................................................................................................. 258

Table 213 — Output timing ....................................................................................................................................... 259

Table 214 — Temperature Conditions ...................................................................................................................... 260

Table 215 — HS400 Device input timing ................................................................................................................. 261

Table 216 — HS400 Device Output timing .............................................................................................................. 262

Table 217 — HS400 Capacitance and Resistors ....................................................................................................... 263

Table 218 — HS400 CMD Response timing ............................................................................................................ 264

Table 219 — e•MMC host requirements for Device classes ..................................................................................... 266

Table 220 — New Features List for device type ....................................................................................................... 267

Table A.221 — Macro commands ............................................................................................................................. 270

Table A.222 — Forward-compatible host interface timing ....................................................................................... 280

Table A.223 — Bus testing for eight data lines ......................................................................................................... 283

Table A.224 — Bus testing for four data lines .......................................................................................................... 283

Table A.225 — Bus testing for one data line............................................................................................................. 283

Table A.226 — XNOR values ................................................................................................................................... 284

Table A.227 — Package Case Temp (Tc) per current consumption ......................................................................... 290

Table B.228 — Handling of Error Conditions in CQE.............................................................................................. 301

Table B.229 — Task Descriptor Structure; Lower 64 bits (Data Transfer tasks) ...................................................... 302

Table B.230 — Task Descriptor Structure; Upper 64 bits ......................................................................................... 302

Table B.231 — Task Descriptor Fields ..................................................................................................................... 303

Table B.232 — Transfer Descriptor Structure (32-bit addressing) ............................................................................ 304

Table B.233 — Transfer Descriptor Structure (64-bit addressing) ............................................................................ 304

Table B.234 — Transfer Descriptor Fields ............................................................................................................... 304

Table B.235 — Task Descriptor Structure: Lower 64 bits (for DCMD tasks) .......................................................... 305

Table B.236 — Task Descriptor Fields (for DCMD tasks) ....................................................................................... 305

Table B.237 — CQE Register Map ........................................................................................................................... 307