第 28 卷第 2 期
高 校 化 学 工 程 学 报
No.2
Vo l . 2 8
2014 年 4 月
Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities
Apr
.
2014
文章编号:1003-9015(2014)02-0370-06 网络出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/doi/10.3969/j.issn.1003-9015.2013.12.31.06.html
双频超声对红薯淀粉结构和性质的影响
胡爱军
1
, 李 倩
1
, 郑 捷
1
, 杨 林
1
, 卢 静
1
, 安莉莉
1
, 张同存
2
(1. 天津科技大学 食品工程与生物技术学院, 食品营养与安全教育部重点实验室, 天津 300457;
2. 天津科技大学 生物工程学院, 工业发酵微生物教育部重点实验室, 天津 300457 )
摘 要:研究了单频 40 kHz、80 kHz 以及双频 40 kHz+80 kHz 超声处理对红薯淀粉结构和性质的影响。扫描电镜分析
表明,超声处理能够使淀粉颗粒表面出现损伤甚至有孔洞出现。红外光谱分析表明,超声作用没有改变淀粉的分子基
团,但破坏其结晶结构,使红外结晶指数下降。淀粉-碘复合物吸收光谱分析表明,超声破坏淀粉支链结构和淀粉长链,
直链淀粉含量增加。Brabender 曲线表明,淀粉经超声处理后黏度降低,双频超声处理后的淀粉峰值黏度比原淀粉降低
15.66%。此外,超声处理后淀粉的透明度提高,双频超声处理 30 min 时,透射比最大,比原淀粉增加 5.3%,但是随
着超声时间继续增加,透明度呈现减小的趋势。单频 40 kHz、80 kHz 和双频 40 kHz+80 kHz 比较,双频超声处理对淀
粉的结构和性质影响效果最明显,80 kHz 次之,40 kHz 影响程度最小。
关键词:双频超声;红薯淀粉;结构;性质
中图分类号:O644.3 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9015.2013.12.31.06
Effects of Dual-Frequency Ultrasound on Structure and Properties of Sweet Potato Starch
HU Ai-jun
1
, LI Qian
1
, ZHENG Jie
1
, YANG Lin
1
, LU Jing
1
, AN Li-li
1
, ZHANG Tong-cun
2
(1. Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and
Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; 2. Key Laboratory of
Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin
University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China)
Abstract: The treating effects of single frequency ultrasound of 40 kHz,80 kHz and dual-frequency
ultrasound of 40 kHz + 80 kHz on structure and properties of sweet potato starch were investigated. Using
scanning electron microscopy, many dents and holes were found on the surface of starch granules after
ultrasonic treatment. FT-IR analysis indicates that above ultrasounds doesn’t destroy the functional groups of
starch, but damage its crystal structure. As a result, its crystalline index decreases. The analysis of the
adsorption spectra of starch-iodine complex shows that above ultrasounds destroy amylopectin and starch chains,
and the amylose content increases. Brabender curves show that the viscosity of starch could be reduced
effectively by ultrasonic treatment, and the peak viscosity of starch treated with dual-frequency ultrasound is
15.66% lower than that of the native starch. In addition, the transmittance of the starch increases by ultrasonic
treatment. The starch treated by dual-frequency ultrasound for 30 min shows the maximum transmittance, and it
is a 5.3% increase as compared with the native starch. However, continuously increasing ultrasonic treatment
time could lead to the decrease of the transmittance of the starch. Compared to single frequency of 40 kHz and
80 kHz, dual-frequency ultrasonic treatment causes the most obvious changes for the structure and properties of
the starch, 80 kHz is the second, and 40 kHz the smallest.
Key words: dual-f
requency ultrasound; sweet potato starch; structure; property
收稿日期:2012-05-24;修订日期:2012-11-06。网络出版时间:2013-12-31 15:10:04
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(31071608);国家高技术研究发展计划(863 计划)资助(2012AA021505);天津东丽区科技创新专项基金项目(2010312);天
津科技大学自然科学基金项目(20110104)。
作者简介:胡爱军(1968-),男,安徽铜陵人,天津科技大学副教授,博士。通讯联系人:胡爱军,E-mail
hajpapers@163.com