AT89S52单片机高能手册：8KB ISP闪存与全面特性

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AT89S52单片机使用手册深入介绍了这款由AT公司推出的高性能8位微控制器。作为MCS-51系列的兼容产品，它针对初学者提供了易于上手的特性。该单片机的核心亮点包括： 1. **兼容性**：AT89S52支持MCS-51标准，确保用户可以无缝继承和扩展已有的51系列知识和开发经验。 2. **程序存储器**：内置8KB的In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash内存，可进行高达1000次的写入/擦除循环，具有较高的耐用性。这使得在系统编程变得方便，同时也允许传统非易失性存储器编程器进行升级。 3. **电源范围**：工作电压在4.0V到5.5V之间，具有宽广的供电适应性，适用于各种电池供电和电源环境。 4. **静态操作**：在0赫兹至33MHz的频率范围内实现全静态操作，提升了处理能力和效率。 5. **程序存储器锁定**：具备三级程序存储器锁定功能，有助于保护重要程序免受意外修改。 6. **内部RAM**：提供256个8位的内部RAM，满足数据暂存和运算需求。 7. **可编程I/O线**：有32条可编程I/O线，增加外部设备连接的可能性。 8. **计时器/计数器**：包含三个16位的定时器/计数器，提供多种时间管理功能。 9. **中断源**：拥有八个中断源，支持灵活的中断处理，提升实时响应能力。 10. **串行通信**：内置全双工UART（通用异步收发器），便于通信接口设计。 11. **低功耗模式**：支持低功耗和休眠模式，节省电力消耗，延长电池寿命。 12. **恢复中断**：当从低功耗模式或关机状态唤醒时，能快速恢复中断处理。 13. **看门狗定时器**：防止系统死锁，提高系统稳定性。 14. **双数据指针**：增强数据处理能力，优化数据操作。 15. **电源断电标志**：提供电源断电检测功能，用于电源异常时的处理。 Atmel的AT89S52单片机以其低功耗、高性能和丰富的功能，成为入门级和中级项目中的理想选择，尤其适合那些需要在有限空间内实现高度灵活性和成本效益的开发者。通过理解并熟练运用这些特性，学习者可以快速掌握单片机开发的基本技能，并在此基础上进一步探索高级应用。

AT89S52

Special Function Registers

A map of the on-chip memory area called the Special Func-

tion Register (SFR) space is shown in Table 1.

Note that not all of the addresses are occupied, and unoc-

cupied addresses may not be implemented on the chip.

Read accesses to these addresses will in general return

random data, and write accesses will have an indetermi-

nate effect.

User software should not write 1s to these unlisted loca-

tions, since they may be used in future products to invoke

new features. In that case, the reset or inactive values of

the new bits will always be 0.

Timer 2 Registers: Control and status bits are contained in

registers T2CON (shown in Table 2) and T2MOD (shown in

Table 3) for Timer 2. The register pair (RCAP2H, RCAP2L)

are the Capture/Reload registers for Timer 2 in 16-bit cap-

ture mode or 16-bit auto-reload mode.

Interrupt Registers: The individual interrupt enable bits

are in the IE register. Two priorities can be set for each of

the six interrupt sources in the IP register.

Table 2. T2CON – Timer/Counter 2 Control Register

T2CON Address = 0C8H Reset Value = 0000 0000B

Bit Addressable

Bit TF2 EXF2 RCLK TCLK EXEN2 TR2 C/T2

CP/RL2

76543210

Symbol Function

TF2 Timer 2 overflow flag set by a Timer 2 overflow and must be cleared by software. TF2 will not be set when either RCLK = 1

or TCLK = 1.

EXF2 Timer 2 external flag set when either a capture or reload is caused by a negative transition on T2EX and EXEN2 = 1.

When Timer 2 interrupt is enabled, EXF2 = 1 will cause the CPU to vector to the Timer 2 interrupt routine. EXF2 must be

cleared by software. EXF2 does not cause an interrupt in up/down counter mode (DCEN = 1).

RCLK Receive clock enable. When set, causes the serial port to use Timer 2 overflow pulses for its receive clock in serial port

Modes 1 and 3. RCLK = 0 causes Timer 1 overflow to be used for the receive clock.

TCLK Transmit clock enable. When set, causes the serial port to use Timer 2 overflow pulses for its transmit clock in serial port

Modes 1 and 3. TCLK = 0 causes Timer 1 overflows to be used for the transmit clock.

EXEN2 Timer 2 external enable. When set, allows a capture or reload to occur as a result of a negative transition on T2EX if Timer

2 is not being used to clock the serial port. EXEN2 = 0 causes Timer 2 to ignore events at T2EX.

TR2 Start/Stop control for Timer 2. TR2 = 1 starts the timer.

C/T2

Timer or counter select for Timer 2. C/T2 = 0 for timer function. C/T2 = 1 for external event counter (falling edge triggered).

CP/RL2

Capture/Reload select. CP/RL2 = 1 causes captures to occur on negative transitions at T2EX if EXEN2 = 1. CP/RL2 = 0

causes automatic reloads to occur when Timer 2 overflows or negative transitions occur at T2EX when EXEN2 = 1. When

either RCLK or TCLK = 1, this bit is ignored and the timer is forced to auto-reload on Timer 2 overflow.

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