ASP.NET 4.5实战指南：C#版

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"Pro ASP.NET 4.5 in C#, 5th Edition 是一本关于ASP.NET 4.5开发的专业书籍，适合C#开发者学习。书中详细介绍了如何使用ASP.NET框架构建Web应用程序，并提供了丰富的实践案例和开发工具的使用指南。" 本书涵盖了从入门到深入的多个知识点，包括但不限于： 1. **ASP.NET基础**：第1章和第2章引导读者了解ASP.NET的基础知识，通过创建第一个ASP.NET应用，使读者对ASP.NET有一个初步认识，并将其置于Web开发的大环境中。 2. **C#语言特性**：第3章深入探讨了C#语言的关键特性，这对于使用C#进行ASP.NET开发至关重要，包括面向对象编程、类型系统、语法结构等。 3. **jQuery**：第4章介绍了JavaScript库jQuery的使用，讲解如何利用它来增强网页的交互性和动态效果。 4. **开发工具**：第5章讨论了开发ASP.NET应用时必备的工具，如Visual Studio，以及如何有效利用它们提升开发效率。 5. **SportsStore实战项目**：从第6章到第10章，通过一个名为SportsStore的实际应用案例，逐步展示了从设计、实现购物车功能、导航到部署的全过程，涵盖了许多实际开发中的常见问题和解决策略。 6. **测试Web应用**：第11章讲解了如何为Web应用程序编写测试，强调了测试驱动开发（TDD）的重要性，帮助开发者确保代码质量和可靠性。 7. **ASP.NET核心平台**：在第二部分，作者详细阐述了ASP.NET的核心组件，如Web Forms、生命周期管理、模块和处理器，以及页面和控件的生命周期事件，这些是理解ASP.NET工作原理的关键。 8. **生命周期与上下文**：第13章深入探讨了ASP.NET请求的生命周期和运行时环境，这对于优化性能和处理复杂场景非常关键。 9. **模块与处理器**：第14章和第15章介绍了IIS中的模块和HTTP处理器，这些是ASP.NET处理请求的关键环节。 10. **页面和控件事件**：第16章详细讲解了Web Forms中的页面和控件生命周期事件，这是构建交互性Web应用的基础。 11. **请求执行管理**：第17章涉及如何管理和控制HTTP请求的执行，这对于处理并发和异步操作尤其重要。通过这本书，读者不仅可以掌握ASP.NET 4.5的基本概念和技术，还能获得实际项目开发的经验，提升解决问题的能力，从而成为更专业的ASP.NET开发者。此外，书中还包含了作者、技术审阅者的信息以及致谢，为读者提供了一个全面的学习资源。

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CHAPTER 1 ■ YOUR FIRST ASP.NET APPLICATION

We have changed the id attribute value of the form element and added some standard HTML elements to display

information about the party and gather the RSVP details from the users. You can see how changes appear by starting

the application (either select Start Debugging from the Debug menu or click the Internet Explorer button on the

toolbar). As you can see in Figure 1-7, we have a form but it doesn’t look very nice.

Figure 1-7. The effect of adding to the form element in the Default.aspx file

We style elements in a Web Form in the same way we would a regular HTML page—by using Cascading Style

Sheets (CSS). To add some basic styles to the application, right-click on the PartyInvites item in the Solution Explorer

and select Add ➤ Style Sheet from the pop-up menu. Set the name to be PartyStyles and click the OK button. Visual

Studio will add a new PartyStyles.css file to the project. Set the contents of this new file to match the CSS shown

in Listing 1-7. Although these are very basic CSS styles, they will improve the appearance of our form fields.

Listing 1-7. The CSS styles defined in the PartyStyles.css file

#rsvpform label { width: 120px; display: inline-block;}

#rsvpform input { margin: 2px; margin-left: 4px; width: 150px;}

#rsvpform select { margin: 2px 0; width: 154px;}

button[type=submit] { margin-top: 5px;}

We associate a CSS style sheet with a Web Form using a link element. You can see how we have added such

an element to the head section of the Default.aspx file in Listing 1-8.

Tip

■ If you are unfamiliar with the standards and technologies that underpin web content, such as HTML, CSS, and

basic JavaScript, we suggest that you consult Adam’s book The Definitive Guide to HTML5, which is also published by

Apress and which is a comprehensive reference.

CHAPTER 1 ■ YOUR FIRST ASP.NET APPLICATION

For our example, the Page_Load method will be called once when the page is first loaded and once again when

the user submits the form. (We will explain why this happens in Part 2.) In Listing 1-10, you can see the code we have

added to the Page_Load method to respond to requests.

Listing 1-10. Adding code to the Page_Load method

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web.ModelBinding;

namespace PartyInvites {

public partial class Default : System.Web.UI.Page {

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) {

if (IsPostBack) {

GuestResponse rsvp = new GuestResponse();

if (TryUpdateModel(rsvp,

new FormValueProvider(ModelBindingExecutionContext))) {

ResponseRepository.GetRepository().AddResponse(rsvp);

if (rsvp.WillAttend.HasValue && rsvp.WillAttend.Value) {

Response.Redirect("seeyouthere.html");

} else {

Response.Redirect("sorryyoucantcome.html");

}

We determine if the request we are responding to is the form being posted back to the server by checking the

IsPostBack property. If it is, we create a new instance of the GuestResponse data model object and pass it to the

TryUpdateModel method, which is inherited from the base Page class.

The TryUpdateModel method performs a process called model binding where data values are used

from the browser request to populate the properties of our data model object. The other argument to the

TryUpdateModel method is the object that ASP.NET should use to obtain the values it needs—we have used the

System.Web.ModelBinding.FormValueProvider class, which provides values from form data. We describe model

binding in more depth in Part 3, but the result of calling the TryUpdateModel method is that the properties of our

GuestResponse object are updated to reflect the data values that the user submitted in the form. We then store the

GuestResponse object in our repository.

We want to give the user some kind of feedback when this user submits the form and we do this by using the

Response.Redirect method, which redirects the user’s browser. If the WillAttend property is true, then the user is

coming to the party and we redirect him or her to the seeyouthere.html file. Otherwise, we redirect the user to the

sorryyoucantcome.html file.

CHAPTER 1 ■ YOUR FIRST ASP.NET APPLICATION

Creating the HTML Response Files

Not all of the pages in an ASP.NET application have to be generated from Web Form files. We can also include regular,

static HTML files. To create the first response file, right-click the PartyInvites item in the Solution Explorer and

select Add ➤ New Item from the pop-up menu. Select the HTML Page template from the Add New Item dialog and set

the name to seeyouthere.html. Finally, click the Add button to create the HTML file. Ensure that the contents of the

file match the contents in Listing 1-11.

Listing 1-11. The contents of the seeyouthere.html file

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="

http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head>

<title>See you there!</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>See you there!</h1>

<p>Come around 9pm. Fancy dress is optional</p>

</body>

</html>

Repeat the process to create the sorryyoucantcome.html file and set the contents to match the contents

in Listing 1-12.

Listing 1-12. The contents of the sorryyoucantcome.html file

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="

http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Sorry you can't come!</h1>

<p>It won't be the same without you. Maybe next year.</p>

</body>

</html>

Bringing the HTML Elements into Scope

We almost have the basic structure of our application in place, but things are not quite working. We need to tell Visual

Studio which file should be loaded when we start the application. It didn’t matter earlier because there was only the

Default.aspx file and Visual Studio is smart enough to figure out that this is the file that we want. But now we have a

couple of HTML files as well and we need to give Visual Studio a helping hand. Right-click on the Default.aspx entry

in the Solution Explorer and select Set as Start Page from the pop-up menu.

Now you can start the application, either by selecting Start Debugging from the Debug menu or by clicking

the Internet Explorer toolbar button. Fill out the form and ensure that you select the Yes option from the select

element. When you submit the form, you will see the response that should only be shown when you select the No

option, as illustrated in Figure 1-10. Clearly, something is amiss.

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