Physics Letters B 776 (2018) 391–395
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Physics Letters B
www.elsevier.com/locate/physletb
Searches for anomalous tqZ couplings from the trilepton signal of tZ
associated
production at the 14 TeV LHC
Jie-Fen Shen
a,∗
, Yu-Qi Li
b
, Yao-Bei Liu
b,∗
a
School of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
b
Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t
Article history:
Received
19 October 2017
Received
in revised form 21 November 2017
Accepted
22 November 2017
Available
online 24 November 2017
Editor:
A. Ringwald
We investigate the observability of the top anomalous tq Z couplings via the trilepton signatures at the
Large Hadron Collider (LHC) with the center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV. We focus on signals of the tZ
associated
production with the decay mode t → W
+
b → b
+
ν
, Z →
+
−
, and t
¯
t production with the
decay mode
¯
t → Z (→
+
−
)
¯
q and t →b
+
ν
, where = e, μ and q reflects up and charm quarks. It is
shown that at 3σ level, the FCNC top quark decay branching ratios can be probed at, respectively, about
Br(t → uZ) ≤ 1.3 × 10
−4
and Br(t → cZ) ≤ 4.2 × 10
−4
with the integrated luminosity of 100 fb
−1
, and
probed down to Br(t → uZ) ≤ 2.2 ×10
−5
and Br(t → cZ) ≤ 8 × 10
−5
for the high-luminosity LHC with
3000 fb
−1
.
© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP
3
.
1. Introduction
As the most massive particle in the standard model (SM), the
top quark is generally considered as an appropriate probe for the
new physics (NP) beyond the SM [1]. In particular, its flavor-
changing
neutral current (FCNC) interactions are extremely weak
in the SM due to the Glashow–Iliopoulos–Maiani (GIM) mecha-
nism [2].
For instance, the branching ratios of t → Zu(c) are pre-
dicted
at the order of 10
−17
(10
−14
) in the SM [3]. However, several
extensions of the SM such as the SUSY models [4,5], two-Higgs-
doublet
models [6], extra dimensions [7], and the other miscel-
laneous
models [8] predict much higher branching ratios up to
10
8
–10
10
order of magnitude larger than SM predictions. There-
fore,
any signal for these rare FCNC processes at a measurable rate
would be a robust evidence for NP beyond the SM.
Over
the years, the top quark FCNC interactions has been stud-
ied
intensively via the t
¯
t production processes with the anoma-
lous
decays of top quarks or anomalous production of single top
quark [9–11]. Furthermore, the anomalous top quark interactions
affect b quark FCNC decays through loop diagrams as mentioned
in Ref. [12]. Very recently, both the ATLAS and the CMS experi-
ments
have obtained the limits on the branching ratios of the top
anomalous decays through different channels (for an updated re-
*
Corresponding authors.
E-mail
addresses: shjf@xxmu.edu.cn (J.-F. Shen), liuyaobei@hist.edu.cn (Y.-B. Liu).
view, see [13]). The current upper limits for Br(t → Zq) at 95%
confidence
level (CL) have been found to be [14,15]:
Br(t → Zu) ≤
2.2 ×10
−4
CMS,
7 ×10
−4
ATLAS,
Br(t → Zc) ≤
4.9 ×10
−4
CMS,
7 ×10
−4
ATLAS.
(1)
The most stringent bounds on the strengths of anomalous cou-
plings
tq Z come from the CMS experiment with
√
s =8TeV, using
the recent combination with anomalous tZ production [14]. It is
notable to mention here that, even at the future facilities, these
bounds resulting from t
¯
t production would not be improved con-
siderably.
For example, the upper bounds on the branching ratios
of t → u(c)Z by the ATLAS Collaboration are 1.3 (2.3) × 10
−4
at
95% CL for the high-luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC)
with 3000 fb
−1
at 14 TeV [16]. Therefore, we here concentrate on
the associated production of a Z boson with a single top quark at
the 14 TeV LHC.
The aim of this letter is to investigate the limits on anomalous
tZq couplings by considering tZ associated production. Compared
with the pioneering study focusing on 14 TeV LHC [10], we make
use of a more accurate description of the signal and SM back-
grounds
relying on the advanced Monte Carlo event generation and
the detector simulation. We investigate the final state of trilepton,
where the top quark decays to a charged lepton, a b quark and
neutrino and the Z boson decays into a pair of leptons. On the
other hand, we also consider the t
¯
t production process with the
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2017.11.055
0370-2693/
© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by
SCOAP
3
.