iPhone开发：InfoPlistKey深入解析

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"InfoPlistKeyReference 是一份关于iPhone开发中Info.plist文件键值参考的文档，由Apple Inc.发布，详细介绍了Info.plist文件中各项键的使用和含义。这份文档适用于开发人员在构建iOS应用时理解和配置Info.plist，它是应用配置的核心文件，用于设置应用的各种属性和元数据。" 在iOS应用开发中，Info.plist文件扮演着至关重要的角色，它是一个XML文件，包含了应用的元数据、权限设置以及各种配置选项。以下是Info.plist中一些关键的键值解释： 1. CFBundleIdentifier - 这个键定义了应用的唯一标识符，通常以开发者团队ID开头，后跟应用的名称，是App Store识别应用的基础。 2. CFBundleDisplayName - 定义了应用在用户设备上显示的名称，可以与应用的名称不同，通常用于本地化。 3. CFBundleExecutable - 指定应用程序的主要可执行文件的名称。 4. UIRequiredDeviceCapabilities - 用于指定应用需要设备具备哪些硬件特性才能运行，如摄像头、GPS等。 5. NSAppTransportSecurity - 用于管理应用的网络安全性，特别是在iOS 9及以上版本中控制应用对HTTP连接的访问。 6. UIInterfaceOrientation - 设置应用支持的屏幕方向，如Portrait、Landscape等。 7. UILaunchImages 或 LaunchStoryboard - 定义应用启动时的界面图像或故事板，提供良好的用户体验。 8. NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription 和 NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription - 分别用于获取用户位置权限的提示信息，根据iOS的隐私政策，应用需要这些信息来请求用户的许可。 9. NSPhotoLibraryUsageDescription - 当应用需要访问用户照片库时，需要提供此键的描述，以向用户解释为何需要权限。 10. UIBackgroundModes - 允许应用在后台运行的模式，如音频播放、后台定位等。 11. CFBundleVersion 和 CFBundleShortVersionString - 分别代表应用的版本号（内部版本号）和显示给用户的产品版本号。 12. NSMainStoryboardFile - 指定应用的主故事板文件，用于初始化用户界面。 13. NSPrincipalClass - 指定应用的主类，通常是一个应用程序委托对象。这份InfoPlistKeyReference文档详细阐述了这些键以及其他更多选项的使用方法，帮助开发者正确配置Info.plist以确保应用的正常运行和合规性。开发者应遵循Apple的指南和版权规定，合法使用和存储文档，并尊重其知识产权。

See Also

About Info.plist Keys

An information property list file is a structured text file that contains essential configuration information for

a bundled executable. The file itself is typically encoded using the Unicode UTF-8 encoding and the contents

are structured using XML. The root XML node is a dictionary, whose contents are a set of keys and values

describing different aspects of the bundle. The system uses these keys and values to obtain information

about your application and how it is configured. As a result, all bundled executables (plug-ins, frameworks,

and applications) are expected to have an information property list file.

By convention, the name of an information property list file is Info.plist. This name of this file is case

sensitive and must have an initial capital letter I. In iOS applications, this file resides in the top-level of the

bundle directory. In Mac OS X bundles, this file resides in the bundle’s Contents directory. Xcode typically

creates this file for you automatically when you create a project of an appropriate type.

Important: In the sections that follow, pay attention to the capitalization of files and directories that reside

inside a bundle. The NSBundle class and Core Foundation bundle functions consider case when searching

for resources inside a bundle directory. Case mismatches could prevent you from finding your resources at

runtime.

Creating and Editing an Information Property List File

The simplest way to create an information property list file is to let Xcode create it for you. Each new

bundle-based project that you create in Xcode comes with a file named <project>-Info.plist, where

<project> is the name of the project. At build time, this file is used to generate the Info.plist file that is

then included in the resulting bundle.

To edit the contents of your information property list file, select the <project>-Info.plist file in your Xcode

project to display the property list editor. Figure 1 shows the editor for the information property list file of a

new Cocoa application project. The file created by Xcode comes preconfigured with keys that every information

property list should have.

Creating and Editing an Information Property List File 13

About Information Property List Files

Adding Keys to an Information Property List File

Although the Info.plist file provided by Xcode contains the most critical keys required by the system,

most applications should typically specify several additional keys. Many subsystems and system applications

use the Info.plist file to gather information about your application. For example, when the user chooses

File > Get Info for your application, the Finder displays information from many of these keys in the resulting

information window.

To add keys using the Xcode property list editor, select the last item in the table and click the plus (+) button

in the right margin. You can select the desired key from the list that Xcode provides or type the name of the

key.

Important: The property list editor in Xcode displays human-readable strings (instead of the actual key

name) for many keys by default. To display the actual key names as they appear in the Info.plist file,

Control-click any of the keys in the editor window and enable the Show Raw Keys/Values item in the contextual

menu.

For a list of the recommended keys you should include in a typical application, see “Recommended Info.plist

Keys” (page 16).

Localizing Property List Values

The values for many keys in an information property list file are human-readable strings that are displayed

to the user by the Finder or your own application. When you localize your application, you should be sure

to localize the values for these strings in addition to the rest of your application’s content.

Localized values are not stored in the Info.plist file itself. Instead, you store the values for a particular

localization in a strings file with the name InfoPlist.strings. You place this file in the same

language-specific project directory that you use to store other resources for the same localization. The

contents of the InfoPlist.strings file are the individual keys you want localized and the appropriately

translated value. The routines that look up key values in the Info.plist file take the user’s language

preferences into account and return the localized version of the key (from the appropriate

InfoPlist.strings file) when one exists. If a localized version of a key does not exist, the routines return

the value stored in the Info.plist file.

For example, the TextEdit application has several keys that are displayed in the Finder and thus should be

localized. Suppose your information property list file defines the following keys:

<key>CFBundleDisplayName</key>

<string>TextEdit</string>

<key>NSHumanReadableCopyright</key>

</string>

The French localization for TextEdit then includes the following strings in the InfoPlist.strings file of

its Contents/Resources/French.lproj directory:

CFBundleDisplayName = "TextEdit";

réservés.";

Adding Keys to an Information Property List File 15

About Information Property List Files

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iPhone开发：InfoPlistKey深入解析

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