Oracle数据库高级应用实战指南

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"ExpertOracle ApplicationExpress" 是一本高级Oracle数据库应用指南，由多位专家共同编写，包括John Scott、Nick Buytaert、Karen Cannell等。本书深入探讨了Oracle数据库在实际应用中的高级技术，并提供了案例分析，旨在帮助读者提升Oracle Application Express (APEX) 的使用技能。 Oracle数据库是世界上最广泛使用的数据库管理系统之一，特别是在企业级应用中。Oracle Application Express (APEX) 是Oracle公司提供的一款Web应用开发工具，它允许开发者使用SQL和PL/SQL语言快速构建功能丰富的交互式Web应用程序。此书"ExpertOracle ApplicationExpress"涵盖了以下关键知识点： 1. **Oracle APEX基础**：介绍Oracle APEX的基本概念，包括工作环境、页面结构、数据模型以及开发流程，帮助初学者快速上手。 2. **高级开发技巧**：讲解如何利用APEX的组件、动态动作、计算字段和过程来创建复杂的应用逻辑，提升应用的功能和性能。 3. **安全性与管理**：涵盖用户管理、权限控制、审计跟踪和应用安全设置，确保应用程序的安全性和合规性。 4. **数据导入导出**：讨论如何有效地导入和导出数据，包括使用SQL*Loader、外部表和数据泵等工具进行大规模数据迁移。 5. **报表与图表**：详细解释如何创建各种报表和图表，以直观地展示数据，支持决策制定。 6. **移动应用开发**：介绍如何利用APEX开发适应不同设备的移动应用，满足跨平台需求。 7. **集成与API**：讲解如何与其他系统集成，如通过Web服务、RESTful API或者Oracle E-Business Suite等。 8. **性能优化**：提供性能监控、SQL调优和应用优化的最佳实践，以提高应用程序的响应速度和用户体验。 9. **案例研究**：通过真实案例分析，展示如何解决实际问题，提升读者解决复杂业务场景的能力。 10. **最佳实践与设计原则**：分享专家们在长期实践中积累的设计原则和最佳实践，帮助读者避免常见错误，提升开发质量。此书适合已经具备一定Oracle基础，希望深化对Oracle APEX理解并提升开发能力的IT专业人员阅读。通过学习本书，读者将能够更高效地利用Oracle APEX构建高质量的企业级应用，成为真正的数据库应用专家。

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xvi

■ Contents

Writing JavaScript to Render the Map ��488

Adding Layers ��490

Interacting with the Database �� 497

Showing Query Results on a Map �� 498

Spatial Math �� 504

SDO_GEOMETRY �� 505

SDO Metadata ��505

Spatial Indexes ��506

APEX_SPATIAL Package �� 506

Calculating Distance ��507

Search Within Distance ��507

Calculate Area ��508

Third-Party Data �� 508

Summary �� 510

■Chapter 13: Themes and Templates �� 511

What Is a Template? �� 511

What Is a Theme? �� 512

Component Defaults �� 512

Region Defaults ��513

Dialog Defaults ��513

The Substitution Strings �� 514

Finding Substitution Strings in the Application��518

Theme Styles �� 522

The Theme Roller �� 523

Template Options �� 524

The Grid �� 528

Responsive Layout ��532

Subregions �� 533

Theme Subscriptions�� 537

Summary �� 538

xvii

■ Contents

■Chapter 14: Report Printing �� 539

Introduction �� 539

Report Printing �� 540

APEX Standard Report Printing �� 540

Prerequisites �� 541

Standard Report Printing Conﬁguration �� 541

FOP Processor in ORDS ��542

External FOP Processor �� 543

Enable Network Services�� 544

APEX Standard Report Printing �� 548

Classic Report Printing ��549

Column Width Settings �� 556

Interactive Report PDF Output �� 559

Report Queries and Report Layouts �� 562

Report Query �� 562

Report Layouts ��564

XSL-FO 101 �� 565

XSL-FO ��566

The XML ��566

FO Document Structure ��570

Customized PDF Output for Interactive Reports �� 582

Advanced XSL-FO Examples �� 585

<xsl:value-of select=��> Conditional Formatting ��592

<xsl:choose ��> Conditional Formatting �� 594

XSL-FO Editors �� 595

Debugging XSL-FO �� 596

Third-Party Report Printing Solutions �� 599

General Report Printing Solutions �� 599

The Future �� 600

Summary �� 600

xviii

■ Contents

■Chapter 15: Working with APEX Collections �� 601

When to Use APEX Collections �� 601

Session State Management: A Quick Overview �� 602

Session State–Managed Tables �� 602

Logically Walking Through a Web Shopping Cart Implementation��602

A Look Under the Covers �� 602

Private Collections Objects Inside the APEX Engine ��603

Public Collections Objects Inside the APEX Engine ��605

Getting Started with Collections �� 607

Initializing a Collection��607

Adding and Removing Data from Collections ��608

Using the Collection Contents ��611

Exploring Another Use Case ��612

Expanding the Example �� 612

Setting Up the Example ��612

Summary �� 619

Index �� 621

xix

Foreword

Over four years ago I had the idea for the first edition of this book, and the reason for the book was a deeply

personal one: the Oracle APEX development team had sadly lost two members of the team, Carl Backstrom

and Scott Spadafore. I knew both Carl and Scott and had met them a number of times at Oracle conferences

over the years and corresponded with them frequently.

I was struck that both of these individuals had helped me over the years, and I wondered what I could

do to help their families in some small way in return. I came up with the idea of writing a technical APEX

book and donating all author royalties to their respective families.

To ensure the book was published and didn’t just remain in my head as a “good idea,” I came up

with a plan. I approached a number of friends and fellow APEX experts and asked if they would consider

writing a chapter. I have to say when I explained the purpose of the book to each of them, they all jumped

at the chance.

Following the recent release of APEX 5, we once again decided it was time to update the book, again

with all author royalties going to the same good causes. Once again I’m honored to know each of the chapter

authors leapt at the opportunity. I thank each of them for agreeing to help update this book and continue

helping, in our small way, the families of two people who helped us all over the years.

APEX 5 is the biggest release in the history of APEX, and the Oracle development team has done a

tremendous job of making the APEX development environment a more productive, functional, and extensive

development platform than ever before. We hope this book helps to show you why APEX 5 is second to none

in terms of rapid web development backed by the security and functionality of the Oracle Database.

On a personal note, I would like to thank Jonathan Gennick and Jill Balzano of Apress for helping to

shepherd us through the process of making the book a reality and supporting each of us in bringing our

chapters to completion (which I can only imagine is like herding cats at times!).

—John Edward Scott

xxi

First-Edition Foreword

When I wrote my first book, Pro Oracle Application Express, in 2008 (with Scott Spendolini contributing

a chapter on themes and templates), I found it an extremely rewarding experience. However, like a lot of

first-time authors, I found it tough to fit writing into my regular day job and other commitments. Pro Oracle

Application Express ended up taking a lot longer than originally anticipated and ran to almost twice as many

pages as originally planned, mainly because of my passion for the subject matter—I kept wanting to give

more and more information.

I was extremely happy to see that when Pro Oracle Application Express was released, it was a big

success, at times ranking in the top 1,000 of all books sold on Amazon, which is quite an achievement for a

technical book, let alone for a relatively niche area like Oracle Application Express. It was also the top-selling

book at Oracle OpenWorld that year.

So I’d done it. I’d written my first book, something I always wanted to do, and it was (by relative

standards) a great success. However, the questions soon started: “Hey, John, when are you writing another

book?” Well, my reply was, “Never again!”

Are you surprised by that answer? Well, let me qualify it. I have such respect for people like Tom Kyte

(who was kind enough to write the foreword to Pro Oracle Application Express) and my good friend, Steven

Feuerstein, who write book after book, but I simply don’t know how they manage to find the time to fit it into

their schedules. Writing one book, while extremely rewarding once it was published, was at times one of the

toughest things I’ve ever done. Sitting in front of a blank page at 4 a.m., trying to meet a publishing deadline,

does not quite fit the glamorous image I had of being an author.

However, two events changed my opinion on writing another book. Those events were the deaths of my

two good friends, Carl Backstrom and Scott Spadafore. Both Carl and Scott were longtime members of the

Oracle Application Express development team, and I have lost count of the number of times both Carl and

Scott have helped me in my time as a developer with Oracle Application Express. I also had the pleasure of

meeting Carl and Scott in person many times during the various Oracle conferences we all attended over

the years. One of my most vivid, happy memories during an Oracle conference was the day that Carl took

Dimitri Gielis and myself for a tour around San Francisco during Oracle OpenWorld. One of my other vivid

memories involves a deep discussion about the internals of APEX security with Scott Spadafore, sitting in a

bar late in the evening, before Scott then turned the conversation to telling jokes.

With the sad and very unexpected passing of both Carl and Scott, I wanted to do something to help

both families. Carl often spoke of his daughter, and I know that Scott was extremely proud of his family too.

Following the success of my previous book, I felt that the best way I could do something to help would be to

write another book where all of the author royalties were split between the charities of the two families.

Now since I already knew how much work is involved in writing a book, I came up with the idea of

asking other people if they would be interested in writing a chapter. At the ODTUG Kaleidoscope event last

year (2010), I approached my good friends, the authors whose names you see in this book, and asked each of

them if they would be interested in writing a chapter. I asked every one of these people because they all knew

Carl and Scott personally. I have the honor of saying that not one person hesitated to step up to the challenge

of donating their time, experience, and knowledge to make this book happen. For that I am deeply grateful

to all the authors (in alphabetical order): Anton, Dan, Denes, Dietmar, Dimitri, Doug, Francis, Martin, Mike,

Raj, Roel, and Sharon. There were many times when it looked like this book might never make it to print; it

was certainly a struggle to coordinate the book deadlines with the challenges of everyone’s day jobs.

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