IPMI2.0规格说明：智能平台管理接口详解

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"IPMI2_0E4_Markup_061209.pdf 是一份关于IPMI（Intelligent Platform Management Interface）规范第二代版本2.0的文档修订版，由Intel、Hewlett-Packard、NEC和Dell共同制定。这份文档详细阐述了智能平台管理接口的特性，旨在提供企业级的高可用性系统管理能力，即使在系统管理软件和常规‘带内’管理机制不可用的情况下，也能获取平台状态信息并启动恢复行动。" IPMI，全称Intelligent Platform Management Interface，是一个开放标准的硬件级管理接口，用于远程监控和管理服务器、存储设备和其他数据中心硬件。这个规范允许管理员在操作系统不运行或网络连接中断时，仍能对硬件进行监控和控制，确保系统的稳定性和可靠性。 IPMI 2.0是IPMI规范的重大升级，相较于1.5版本，它引入了更多的功能和改进。例如，可能包括更高级别的传感器数据记录、增强的固件安全特性、更高效的网络通信协议，以及更精细的电源管理控制等。这些改进使得远程管理更加灵活，有助于提升数据中心的效率和运维响应速度。在IPMI 2.0中， BMC（Baseboard Management Controller）是关键组件，它是一个独立于主处理器和操作系统的小型微控制器，负责收集和处理来自系统硬件的各种状态信息。BMC通过传感器收集温度、电压、风扇速度等信息，并能通过网络接口将这些信息报告给远程管理工具，甚至可以在出现问题时自动执行预设的故障恢复策略。文档的修订历史显示，IPMI规范自1998年首次发布以来，经过多次更新和完善，以适应不断变化的硬件环境和技术需求。例如，1.1版本包含了之前版本的错误修正，1.5版本引入了新的附加内容和错误修正，而2.0版本则标志着IPMI的显著进步，带来了第二代的管理和控制功能。 IPMI 2.0规范是现代数据中心和企业服务器管理的重要组成部分，通过提供强大的远程监控和控制能力，提升了IT基础设施的管理和维护效率，降低了运维成本，并增强了系统的可用性和容错性。对于系统管理员来说，深入理解和掌握IPMI 2.0的相关知识是提高工作效率和保障系统稳定的关键。

Intelligent Platform Management Interface Specification 
xvi     
42.1  Event/Reading Type Codes ......................................................................................................................... 498 
42.2  Sensor Type Codes and Data................................................................................................ .......................502 
43.  Sensor Data Record Formats ..........................................................................................................516 
43.1  SDR Type 01h, Full Sensor Record ............................................................................................................517 
43.2  SDR Type 02h, Compact Sensor Record................................................................ .....................................524 
43.3  SDR Type 03h, Event-Only Record ............................................................................................................530 
43.4  SDR Type 08h - Entity Association Record ................................................................................................ 532 
43.5  SDR Type 09h - Device-relative Entity Association Record.......................................................................534 
43.6  SDR Type 0Ah:0Fh - Reserved Records ................................................................ .....................................535 
43.7  SDR Type 10h - Generic Device Locator Record ....................................................................................... 536 
43.8  SDR Type 11h - FRU Device Locator Record ............................................................................................ 537 
43.9  SDR Type 12h - Management Controller Device Locator Record .............................................................. 539 
43.10 SDR Type 13h - Management Controller Confirmation Record .................................................................541 
43.11 SDR Type 14h - BMC Message Channel Info Record ................................................................................542 
43.12 SDR Type C0h - OEM Record.................................................................................................................... 544 
43.13 Device Type Codes................................ ......................................................................................................545 
43.14 Entity IDs................................................................................................ .....................................................547 
43.15 Type/Length Byte Format............................................................................................................................ 548 
43.16 6-bit ASCII Packing Example ................................ ..................................................................................... 549 
43.17 Sensor Unit Type Codes ................................................................................................ .............................. 551 
44.  Examples...........................................................................................................................................553 
44.1  Processor Sensor with Sensor-specific States & Event Generation ................................ ............................. 553 
44.2  Processor Sensor with Generic States & Event Generation .........................................................................555 
Appendix A - Previous Sequence Number Tracking............................................................................557 
Appendix B - Example PEF Mask Compare Algorithm ........................................................................559 
Appendix C1 - Locating IPMI System Interfaces via SM BIOS Tables................................................561 
C1-1  IPMI Device Information - BMC Interface ................................................................................................ .562 
C1-1.1  Interface Type ......................................................................................................................................562 
C1-1.2  IPMI Specification Revision Field .......................................................................................................562 
C1-1.3  I
2
C Slave Address Field................................................................................................ ........................ 562 
C1-1.4  NV Storage Device Address Field........................................................................................................563 
C1-1.5  Base Address Field............................................................................................................................... 563 
C1-1.6  Base Address Modifier Field................................ ................................................................................563 
C1-1.7  System Interface Register Alignment ................................................................ ...................................563 
C1-1.7.1 Byte-spaced I/O Address Examples ................................................................................................ .........563 
C1-1.7.2 32-bit Spaced I/O Address Examples.......................................................................................................563 
C1-1.7.3 Memory-mapped Base Address ...............................................................................................................564 
C1-1.7.4 Interrupt Info Field................................................................ ...................................................................564 
C1-1.8  Interrupt Number Field................................................................ .........................................................564 
Appendix C2 - Locating IPMI System Interfaces on PCI......................................................................565 
Appendix C3 - Locating IPMI System Interfaces with ACPI.................................................................567 
C3-1  SPMI Description Table and ACPI Control Methods ................................................................ .................567 
C3-2  Locating IPMI System Interfaces in ACPI Name Space .............................................................................569 
C3-3  Example IPMI Definition ASL Code ..........................................................................................................571 
Example 1: SMIC Interface in I/O Space................................ ...........................................................................571 
Example 2: KCS Interface in 64-bit Address Space ..........................................................................................571 
Example 3: SMIC Interface in I/O Space................................ ...........................................................................572 
Example 4: SSIF Interface ................................................................................................................................ .573 
Appendix D - Determining Message Size Requirements .....................................................................575 
Appendix E - Terminal Mode Grammar .................................................................................................577 

Intelligent Platform Management Interface Specification 
xviii     
List of Figures 
Figure  1-1, IPMI and the Management Software Stack ............................................................................................... 11 
Figure  1-2, IPMI Block Diagram ................................................................................................ .................................12 
Figure  2-1, Intelligent Platform Management Logical Devices ................................................................ ...................28 
Figure  6-1, Session Activation................................................................................................ .....................................56 
Figure  6-2, LAN to IPMB Bridged Request Example .................................................................................................66 
Figure  7-1, IPMB Request sent using Send Message Command ................................................................ .................72 
Figure  7-2, Send Message Command Response ..........................................................................................................72 
Figure  7-3, Response for Set Event Receiver in Receive Message Queue...................................................................73 
Figure  7-4, Get Message Command Response................................................................ .............................................73 
Figure  9-1, KCS Interface/BMC Request Message Format ................................ .........................................................79 
Figure  9-2, KCS Interface/BMC Response Message Format................................................................ .......................80 
Figure  9-3, KCS Interface Event Request Message Format......................................................................................... 80 
Figure  9-4, KCS Interface Event Response Message Format ................................................................ ......................80 
Figure  9-5, KCS Interface Registers ................................................................................................ ............................ 82 
Figure  9-6, KCS Interface SMS to BMC Write Transfer Flow Chart................................ ..........................................88 
Figure  9-7, KCS Interface BMC to SMS Read Transfer Flow Chart................................................................ ...........89 
Figure  9-8, Aborting KCS Transactions in-progress and/or Retrieving KCS Error Status ..........................................90 
Figure  10-1, SMIC/BMC Interface Registers ................................................................................................ ..............95 
Figure  10-2, SMIC/BMC Request Message Format ................................................................ ..................................103 
Figure  10-3, SMIC/BMC Response Message Format................................................................................................ 104 
Figure  10-4, SMIC Event Request Message Format................................................................ ..................................104 
Figure  10-5, SMIC Event Response Message Format ................................ ............................................................... 104 
Figure  11-1, BT Interface/BMC Request Message Format........................................................................................ 105 
Figure  11-2, BT Interface/BMC Response Message Format .....................................................................................106 
Figure  11-3, BT Interface Event Request Message Format .......................................................................................107 
Figure  11-4, BT Interface Event Response Message Format..................................................................................... 107 
Figure  11-5, BT_CTRL Register format....................................................................................................................109 
Figure  11-6, BT_INTMASK Register format............................................................................................................111 
Figure  13-1, Embedded LAN Controller Implementation ......................................................................................... 125 
Figure  13-2, PCI Management Bus Implementation................................................................................................ ..126 
Figure  13-3, IPMI LAN Packet Layering ..................................................................................................................133 
Figure  13-4, IPMI LAN Message Formats ................................ ................................................................................138 
Figure  13-5, IPMI v1.5 LAN Session Startup................................................................ ............................................144 
Figure  14-1, Serial Port Sharing Logical Diagram................................................................ .....................................168 
Figure  14-2, Basic Mode Message Fields ..................................................................................................................181 
Figure  14-3, PPP Frame Format ................................................................................................ ................................ 183 
Figure  14-4, Configure-Request, -Ack, -Nak, -Reject Packet Format........................................................................184 
Figure  14-5, IPMI Message in PPP Frame Format ................................................................................................ ....187 
Figure  14-6, IP Frame with Field Compression ................................ .........................................................................188 
Figure  14-7, Terminal Mode Request to BMC ................................ ..........................................................................194 
Figure  14-8, Terminal Mode Response from BMC ...................................................................................................194 
Figure  14-9, Terminal Mode Request to SMS ...........................................................................................................196 
Figure  14-10, Terminal Mode Response from SMS ................................................................................................ ..196 
Figure  14-11, Send Message Command for Bridged Request ...................................................................................196 
Figure  14-12, Response to Send Message Command for Bridged Request ................................ ............................... 196 
Figure  14-13, Bridged Response to Remote Console ................................................................ ................................ 196 
Figure  15-1, SOL with Serial Port Sharing ................................................................................................................207 
Figure  17-1, Alert Processing Example ................................................................................................ .....................233 

  Intelligent Platform Management Interface Specification 
    xix 
Figure  17-2, Event Filter, Alert Policy, and Alert Destination, & String Relationships ............................................234 
Figure  20-1, Broadcast Get Device ID Request Message ..........................................................................................252 
Figure  29-1, IPMB Event Request Message Format................................................................ ..................................400 
Figure  29-2, Example SMIC Event Request Message Format...................................................................................401 
Figure  35-1, High-Going and Low-Going Event Assertion/Deassertion Points.........................................................461 
Figure  39-1, Sensor to FRU Lookup................................................................................................ .......................... 489 
Figure  43-1, 6-bit Packed ASCII Example ................................................................................................................550 
Figure B-1, Example Event Data Comparison Algorithm.......................................................................................... 559 
Figure D-1, SMBus Write-Block by Master Write-Read through KCS/SMIC.......................................................... 575 
Figure  D-2, Master Write-Read Response via KCS/SMIC................................ .......................................................575 
Figure  D-3, Get Message Response via KCS/SMIC................................ .................................................................575 
Figure  D-4, Master Write-Read Request via LAN/PPP................................................................ ............................ 576 
Figure  D-5 Master Write-Read Response via LAN/PPP ................................................................ .......................... 576 
Figure  D-6, Master Write-Read Response via LAN/PPP .........................................................................................576 
 

Intelligent Platform Management Interface Specification 
xx     
List of Tables 
Table  1-1, Glossary........................................................................................................................................................5 
Table  3-1, Required BMC Functions...........................................................................................................................32 
Table  5-1, Network Function Codes ................................ ............................................................................................ 38 
Table  5-2, Completion Codes ......................................................................................................................................40 
Table  5-3, Sensor Owner ID and Sensor Number Field Definitions ............................................................................43 
Table  5-4, System Software IDs ................................................................................................ ..................................43 
Table  6-1, Channel Number Assignments................................................................................................ ....................46 
Table  6-2, Channel Protocol Type Numbers................................................................ ................................................47 
Table  6-3, Channel Medium Type Numbers................................................................ ................................................48 
Table  6-4, Channel Access Modes............................................................................................................................... 49 
Table  6-5, Channel Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................ 50 
Table  6-6, Session-less , Single-session and Multi-session Characteristics .................................................................55 
Table  6-7, Default Session Inactivity Timeout Intervals................................................................ .............................. 60 
Table  6-8, Message Bridging Mechanism by Source and Destination.........................................................................64 
Table  6-9, IPMI Message and IPMB / Private Bus Transaction Size Requirements ................................ ...................68 
Table  7-1, BMC IPMB LUNs......................................................................................................................................71 
Table  8-1, System Interface Request For Delivering Remote IPMB Request via ICMB ............................................76 
Table  8-2, Send Message Response............................................................................................................................. 76 
Table  8-2a, Get Message Response Data for Remote IPMB Request Delivered via ICMB ................................ ........76 
Table  8-3, IPMB Request For Delivering Remote IPMB Request via ICMB ............................................................. 77 
Table  8-4, Send Message Response............................................................................................................................. 77 
Table  8-5, IPMB Response For Remote IPMB Request Delivered via ICMB ............................................................ 77 
Table  9-1, KCS Interface Status Register Bits................................ .............................................................................83 
Table  9-2, KCS Interface State Bits............................................................................................................................. 83 
Table  9-3, KCS Interface Control Codes ................................................................ .....................................................84 
Table  9-4, KCS Interface Status Codes .......................................................................................................................84 
Table  10-1, SMIC Flags Register Bits ......................................................................................................................... 96 
Table  10-2, SMS Transfer Stream control codes ................................ .......................................................................101 
Table  10-3, SMS Transfer Stream Status Codes................................................................................................ ........102 
Table  11-1, BT Interface Registers................................ ............................................................................................ 108 
Table  11-2, BT_CTRL Register Bit Definitions................................................................ ........................................109 
Table  11-3, BT_INTMASK Register Bit Definitions................................ ................................................................ 111 
Table  11-4, BT Interface Write Transfer ................................ ...................................................................................112 
Table  11-5, BT Interface Read Transfer .................................................................................................................... 113 
Table  12-1, BMC Single-part Write ..........................................................................................................................116 
Table  12-2, BMC Multi-part Write Start ...................................................................................................................117 
Table  12-3, BMC Multi-part Write Middle ...............................................................................................................117 
Table  12-4, BMC Multi-part Write End ................................................................ ....................................................117 
Table  12-5, BMC Single-part Read ................................................................................................ ........................... 117 
Table  12-6, BMC Multi-part Read Start .................................................................................................................... 118 
Table  12-7, BMC Multi-part Read Middle ................................................................ ................................................118 
Table  12-8, BMC Multi-part Read Retry................................................................................................................... 118 
Table  12-9, BMC Multi-part Read End ................................................................................................ .....................118 
Table  12-10, Summary of SMBus Commands for SSIF ............................................................................................ 122 
Table  12-11, SSIF Commands................................................................................................................................ ...122 
Table  12-12, SSIF Timing Specifications..................................................................................................................122 
Table  13-1, RMCP Port Numbers.............................................................................................................................. 127 
Table  13-2, RMCP Message Format................................ .......................................................................................... 128 