Git中文教程:掌握Git魔法

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"Git_Magic_CN 是一个针对Git的中文教程,旨在帮助想要学习Git的人了解和掌握这个版本控制系统的基本操作和高级技巧。教程由Ben Lynn编写并翻译成中文,内容涵盖从入门到精通的各个层面,包括Git的分布式特性、分支管理、历史查看以及Git的优缺点等。" Git是一个强大的分布式版本控制系统,它允许开发者跟踪和管理代码的修改历史,协同工作,并确保代码的完整性和一致性。本教程分为多个章节,逐步引导读者熟悉Git的基本用法。 1. **入门**:这部分介绍了Git的基本概念,如版本控制的重要性、分布式的特性,以及如何处理冲突。通过简单的例子,帮助初学者理解Git是如何工作的。 2. **基本技巧**:这部分涵盖了保存代码状态、添加、删除和重命名文件,以及如何撤销和重做操作。此外,还讲解了如何下载文件,查看当前的工作前沿,即时发布代码,以及回顾已进行的工作。 3. **克隆进阶**:这部分讲述了如何在不同计算机之间同步代码,对比传统的源码控制系统,以及如何进行项目分叉和终极备份。此外,还讨论了如何利用Git进行轻快的多任务管理和游击版本控制。 4. **分支向导**:分支是Git的核心功能之一,这一章深入讲解了如何有效地使用分支,包括快速创建和切换分支,处理分支冲突,以及如何管理和合并分支。特别强调了不间断的工作流和分支的灵活运用。 5. **关于历史**:这一部分介绍了如何查看和理解Git的历史记录,如何修正错误的提交,以及如何重写历史。此外,还提供了找出问题源头和追踪作者的方法。 6. **Git大师**:对于更高级的用户,这部分涵盖了如何发布源码,生成历史报告,通过SSH和HTTP使用Git,以及如何提交和管理大型变更。还提醒了用户注意避免丢失HEAD(指向当前分支最新提交的引用)以及如何高效地处理HEAD。 7. **解密Git**:深入探讨了Git的内部机制,如数据完整性、智能协议、索引、裸仓库的概念,以及Git的设计起源。 8. **Git的缺点**:虽然Git功能强大,但也有其不足之处。这部分列出了在Windows环境下使用Git可能遇到的问题,处理无关文件的挑战,以及追踪谁正在编辑哪个文件的困难。还提到了文件历史查看、初始克隆的速度问题,以及不稳定项目中的挑战。 通过这个中文教程,读者将能够全面理解和掌握Git,从而更有效地在软件开发过程中使用这个强大的工具。

Traceback (most recent call last): File "F:\conda\envs\yolov5\lib\site-packages\git\__init__.py", line 89, in <module> refresh() File "F:\conda\envs\yolov5\lib\site-packages\git\__init__.py", line 76, in refresh if not Git.refresh(path=path): File "F:\conda\envs\yolov5\lib\site-packages\git\cmd.py", line 392, in refresh raise ImportError(err) ImportError: Bad git executable. The git executable must be specified in one of the following ways: - be included in your $PATH - be set via $GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE - explicitly set via git.refresh() All git commands will error until this is rectified. This initial warning can be silenced or aggravated in the future by setting the $GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH environment variable. Use one of the following values: - quiet|q|silence|s|none|n|0: for no warning or exception - warn|w|warning|1: for a printed warning - error|e|raise|r|2: for a raised exception Example: export GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH=quiet The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:\yolov5-master\train.py", line 67, in <module> GIT_INFO = check_git_info() File "F:\conda\envs\yolov5\lib\contextlib.py", line 79, in inner return func(*args, **kwds) File "E:\yolov5-master\utils\general.py", line 360, in check_git_info import git File "F:\conda\envs\yolov5\lib\site-packages\git\__init__.py", line 91, in <module> raise ImportError("Failed to initialize: {0}".format(exc)) from exc ImportError: Failed to initialize: Bad git executable. The git executable must be specified in one of the following ways: - be included in your $PATH - be set via $GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE - explicitly set via git.refresh() All git commands will error until this is rectified. This initial warning can be silenced or aggravated in the future by setting the $GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH environment variable. Use one of the following values: - quiet|q|silence|s|none|n|0: for no warning or exception - warn|w|warning|1: for a printed warning - error|e|raise|r|2: for a raised exception Example: export GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH=quiet

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Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\GL\.conda\envs\pytorch\lib\site-packages\git\__init__.py", line 89, in <module> refresh() File "C:\Users\GL\.conda\envs\pytorch\lib\site-packages\git\__init__.py", line 76, in refresh if not Git.refresh(path=path): File "C:\Users\GL\.conda\envs\pytorch\lib\site-packages\git\cmd.py", line 392, in refresh raise ImportError(err) ImportError: Bad git executable. The git executable must be specified in one of the following ways: - be included in your $PATH - be set via $GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE - explicitly set via git.refresh() All git commands will error until this is rectified. This initial warning can be silenced or aggravated in the future by setting the $GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH environment variable. Use one of the following values: - quiet|q|silence|s|none|n|0: for no warning or exception - warn|w|warning|1: for a printed warning - error|e|raise|r|2: for a raised exception Example: export GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH=quiet The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:\eclipse workspace\yolov5-master\train.py", line 72, in <module> GIT_INFO = check_git_info() File "C:\Users\GL\.conda\envs\pytorch\lib\contextlib.py", line 79, in inner return func(*args, **kwds) File "E:\eclipse workspace\yolov5-master\utils\general.py", line 360, in check_git_info import git File "C:\Users\GL\.conda\envs\pytorch\lib\site-packages\git\__init__.py", line 91, in <module> raise ImportError("Failed to initialize: {0}".format(exc)) from exc ImportError: Failed to initialize: Bad git executable. The git executable must be specified in one of the following ways: - be included in your $PATH - be set via $GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE - explicitly set via git.refresh() All git commands will error until this is rectified. This initial warning can be silenced or aggravated in the future by setting the $GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH environment variable. Use one of the following values: - quiet|q|silence|s|none|n|0: for no warning or exception - warn|w|warning|1: for a printed warning - error|e|raise|r|2: for a raised exception Example: export GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH=quiet

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