iOS开发入门指南：探索iOS SDK

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"这是一本关于iOS4开发的基础教程，由David Mark、Jack Nutting和Jeff LaMarche合著，适合想要学习和精通iOS应用开发的读者。本书详细介绍了如何为iPhone、iPad和iPod touch创建应用程序，是这些设备软件开发的重要参考资料。随着iOS4 SDK的发布，iOS平台为开发者提供了更多优雅且文档详尽的开发工具，使得移动应用开发变得更加有趣和便捷。" 在本书中，作者们将引领读者踏入iOS应用开发的世界，首先介绍iOS4 SDK的最新特性，以及为什么它成为了最具吸引力的移动平台之一。他们强调了iOS4 SDK如何通过提供一套全面的工具和文档，使得开发者能够更轻松地构建高质量的应用。这本书不仅仅是理论介绍，更注重实践操作。书中每一章都会通过创建一个小项目来帮助读者理解特定的iOS功能，并学会如何控制和与这些功能交互。这些项目涵盖了从基础的UI设计到复杂的系统集成，让读者逐步掌握iOS开发的核心技术。例如，你将学习如何使用Interface Builder设计用户界面，理解Model-View-Controller (MVC)架构，以及如何使用Objective-C进行编程。书中还会深入讲解事件处理、多线程、网络编程、本地数据存储（如SQLite数据库）、Core Data框架、动画效果、地图集成、推送通知等关键主题。此外，对于新引入的iPad特性，如多任务处理、Split View和Popover控件，作者也会进行详细解析，让你能够创建专为iPad优化的应用。同时，书中还会涵盖测试、调试和发布应用到App Store的相关流程，确保你的应用能够顺利上线并达到苹果的高质量标准。 "iOS4开发基础教程"是一本面向初学者的全面指南，它不仅提供了丰富的技术细节，还通过实例教学帮助读者快速上手。无论你是对iOS开发充满好奇的新手，还是希望深入理解iOS4 SDK的专业开发者，这本书都将是你宝贵的参考资料。通过阅读和实践，你将一步步成长为一名熟练的iOS应用开发者，能够充分利用iOS平台的潜力，创造出富有创新和用户体验优良的应用。

CHAPTER 2: Appeasing the Tiki Gods

Figure 2–1. The Xcode welcome window. Note that if this is the first time you are running Xcode, there will be no

recent projects. This will change as you make your way through the book.

NOTE: If you have an iOS device connected to your machine, you might see a message when you

first launch Xcode asking whether you want to use that device for development. Alternatively, a

window titled Organizer, designed to list the devices you’ll be working with, might appear. For

now, click the Ignore button or, in the case of the Organizer window, close the window. If you

choose to join the paid iOS Developer Program, you will gain access to a program portal that will

tell you how to use your iOS device for development and testing.

Create a new project by selecting File ➤ New Project..., or by pressing N, which will

bring up the New Project assistant (see Figure 2–2). The pane on the left side of the

sheet is divided into two main sections: iOS and Mac OS X.

CHAPTER 2: Appeasing the Tiki Gods

Your project window features a toolbar across the top, which gives you ready access to

a lot of commonly used commands. Below the toolbar, the window is divided into three

main sections, or panes.

The pane that runs down the left side of the window is called the Groups & Files pane.

All of the resources that make up your project are grouped here, as are a number of

relevant project settings. Just as in the Finder, clicking the little triangle to the left of an

item expands that item to show available subitems. Click the triangle again to hide the

subitems.

The top-right pane is called the Detail View (or just Detail pane) and shows you detailed

information about items selected in the Groups & Files pane. The lower-right pane is

called the Editor pane. If you select a single file in either the Groups & Files or Detail

pane and Xcode knows how to display that kind of file, the contents of the file will be

displayed in the Editor pane. Editable files, such as source code, can also be edited

here. In fact, this is where you will be writing and editing your application’s source code.

Now that we have the terminology out of the way, take a look at the Groups & Files

pane. The first item in the list should bear the same name as your project, in this case,

Hello World. This item is the gathering point for the source code and the other resources

specific to your project. For the time being, don’t worry about the items in the Groups &

Files pane except those under Hello World.

Take a look at Figure 2–4. Note that the disclosure triangle to the left of Hello World is

open, and there are five subfolders: Classes, Other Sources, Resources, Frameworks,

and Products. Let’s briefly talk about what each subfolder is used for:

 Classes is where you will spend much of your time. This is where most

of the code that you write will go, since this is where all Objective-C

classes rightfully belong. You are free to create subfolders under the

Classes folder to help organize your code. We’ll be using this folder

starting in the next chapter.

 Other Sources contains source code files that aren’t Objective-C

classes. Typically, you won’t spend a lot of time in the Other Sources

folder. When you create a new iPhone application project, there are

two files in this folder:

 Hello_World_Prefix.pch: The extension .p

ch stands for

“precompiled header.” This is a list of header files from external

frameworks that are used by our project. Xcode will precompile

the headers contained in this file, which will reduce the amount

of time it takes to compile your project whenever you select Build

or Build and Go. It will be a while before you have to worry about

this, because the most commonly used header files are already

included for you.

 main.m: This is where your application’s main() function is. You

normally won’t need to edit or change this file.

CHAPTER 2: Appeasing the Tiki Gods

 Resources contains noncode files that will be included as part of your

application. This is where you will include files such as your

application’s icon image and other images, sound files, movie files,

text files, or property lists that your program may need while it’s

running. Remember, since your application runs in its own sandbox,

you will have to include any files you need here, because you won’t be

able to access files located elsewhere on the iPhone except through

sanctioned APIs, such as the ones that provide access to the iPhone’s

photo library and address book. There should be three items in this

folder:

 Hello_WorldViewController.xib: This file contains information

used by the program Interface Builder, which we’ll take for a spin

a bit later in this chapter.

 MainWindow.xib: This is your application’s main Interface Builder

(or “nib”) file. In a simple application like the one we’re building in

this chapter, there’s often no need to touch this file. In later

chapters, when we design more complex interfaces, we will work

with this file and look at it in more depth.

 Hello_World-Info.plist: This is a property list that contains

information about our application. We’ll look at this file a little bit

later in the chapter too.

 Frameworks are a special kind of library that can contain code as well

as resources such as image and sound files. Any framework or library

that you add to this folder will be linked in to your application, and your

code will be able to use objects, functions, and resources contained in

that framework or library. The most commonly needed frameworks

and libraries are linked in to our project by default, so most of the time,

we will not need to do anything with this folder. Less commonly used

libraries and frameworks, however, are not included by default, and

you will see how to link to them into an application later in this book.

 Products contains the application that this project produces when it is

compiled. If you expand Products, you’ll see an item called Hello

World.app. This is the application that this particular project creates.

Hello World.app is this project’s only product. Right now, Hello

World.app is listed in red, which means that the file cannot be found,

which makes sense, since we haven’t compiled our project yet!

Highlighting a file’s name in red is Xcode’s way of telling us that it

can’t find the underlying physical file.

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