FHIR概貌编制教程:理解与应用

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"这篇文档是Ewout Kramer在2014年9月8日在芝加哥进行的一次关于FHIR概貌编制的教程。Ewout Kramer是Furore公司的成员,同时也是FHIR核心团队和RIMBAA的一员,他专注于医疗保健领域的软件开发和架构设计。本次教程的主要目的是引导参与者理解和创建FHIR概貌,它涵盖了元数据、结构、绑定、正式约束、扩展、切片(Slicing)以及聚合等关键概念。FHIR,即Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources,是一个由HL7(Health Level Seven)国际组织制定的标准,用于促进医疗数据的快速和互操作性交换。" FHIR,全称Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources,是一种基于现代Web技术的医疗健康数据交换标准。这个标准的目标是使医疗机构、应用程序开发者以及患者能够更加容易地访问和共享医疗信息。FHIR利用了诸如RESTful API、JSON和XML等广泛使用的互联网技术,旨在提高数据交换的效率和兼容性。 在FHIR中,概貌(Profile)扮演着至关重要的角色。概貌是对FHIR资源的特定实现或使用方式的详细定义,它可以帮助确保数据的一致性和互操作性。在Ewout Kramer的教程中,以下几个方面被详细讲解: 1. **元数据**:元数据定义了概貌的基本属性,包括其名称、版本、描述、版权信息以及与其它资源的关系。这些信息对于理解概貌的目的和使用方式至关重要。 2. **结构**:结构部分详细描述了资源的字段和它们的数据类型,包括哪些字段是必需的,哪些是可选的,以及它们的排列顺序。这有助于确保不同系统间数据交换的结构一致性。 3. **绑定**:绑定涉及到将资源的某些字段与特定的值集(ValueSet)或代码系统关联,以限制可能的输入值。这有助于确保数据的标准化,例如,疾病诊断可以与SNOMED CT代码系统绑定。 4. **正式约束/形式化约束**:这些是用于限制资源实例可以如何构造的规则。它们可以是XPath或Schematron表达式,用于确保数据符合预定义的业务逻辑和语义。 5. **扩展**:FHIR允许通过扩展机制添加额外的信息,这些信息可能不在标准资源定义之内。扩展允许开发者根据特定需求自定义资源,同时保持与FHIR标准的兼容性。 6. **切片Slicing**:切片是一种将一个资源实例分为多个逻辑部分的方法,每个部分(切片)有自己的约束。这种机制允许在一个资源中表示多种类似但略有不同的情况,提高了数据的灵活性。 7. **聚合**:聚合是指将多个资源组合在一起,形成一个更复杂的结构,以便于处理和表示复杂的医疗情境。例如,聚合可以用来表示患者的完整病历,包括各种检查结果、药物处方等。 通过这次教程,参与者应能掌握创建和使用FHIR概貌的基本技能,从而在实际项目中有效地应用FHIR标准,提升医疗数据的互操作性和质量。

Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\23101\CCCCCCCCC\mydetectTF.py", line 94, in <module> import tensorflow as tf File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 51, in <module> from ._api.v2 import compat File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\_api\v2\compat\__init__.py", line 37, in <module> from . import v1 File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\_api\v2\compat\v1\__init__.py", line 30, in <module> from . import compat File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\_api\v2\compat\v1\compat\__init__.py", line 37, in <module> from . import v1 File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\_api\v2\compat\v1\compat\v1\__init__.py", line 47, in <module> from tensorflow._api.v2.compat.v1 import lite File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\_api\v2\compat\v1\lite\__init__.py", line 9, in <module> from . import experimental File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\_api\v2\compat\v1\lite\experimental\__init__.py", line 8, in <module> from . import authoring File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\_api\v2\compat\v1\lite\experimental\authoring\__init__.py", line 8, in <module> from tensorflow.lite.python.authoring.authoring import compatible File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\lite\python\authoring\authoring.py", line 44, in <module> from tensorflow.lite.python import lite File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\lite\python\lite.py", line 49, in <module> from tensorflow.lite.python.interpreter import Interpreter # pylint: disable=unused-import File "E:\ProgramFile\Anaconda\anaconda3\envs\python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\lite\python\interpreter.py", line 28, in <module> from tensorflow.lite.python.interpreter_wrapper import _pywrap_tensorflow_interpreter_wrapper as _interpreter_wrapper ImportError: generic_type: type "InterpreterWrapper" is already registered!

2023-05-25 上传

The OpenStack Foundation supported the creation of this book with plane tickets to Austin, lodging (including one adventurous evening without power after a windstorm), and delicious food. For about USD $10,000, we could collaborate intensively for a week in the same room at the Rackspace Austin office. The authors are all members of the OpenStack Foundation, which you can join. Go to the Foundation web site. We want to acknowledge our excellent host Rackers at Rackspace in Austin: Emma Richards of Rackspace Guest Relations took excellent care of our lunch orders and even set aside a pile of sticky notes that had fallen off the walls. Betsy Hagemeier, a Fanatical Executive Assistant, took care of a room reshuffle and helped us settle in for the week. The Real Estate team at Rackspace in Austin, also known as “The Victors,” were super responsive. Adam Powell in Racker IT supplied us with bandwidth each day and second monitors for those of us needing more screens. On Wednesday night we had a fun happy hour with the Austin OpenStack Meetup group and Racker Katie Schmidt took great care of our group. We also had some excellent input from outside of the room: Tim Bell from CERN gave us feedback on the outline before we started and reviewed it mid-week. Sébastien Han has written excellent blogs and generously gave his permission for re-use. Oisin Feeley read it, made some edits, and provided emailed feedback right when we asked. Inside the book sprint room with us each day was our book sprint facilitator Adam Hyde. Without his tireless support and encouragement, we would have thought a book of this scope was impossible in five days. Adam has proven the book sprint method effectively again and again. He creates both tools and faith in collaborative authoring at www.booksprints.net. We couldn’t have pulled it off without so much supportive help and encouragement.

2023-07-23 上传