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首页vCenter故障排除指南:解决常见问题与高级管理
《vCenter故障排除指南》(PACKT, 2015) 是一本专门针对vSphere环境中vCenter组件的实用手册,vCenter作为vSphere的核心组成部分,是管理员进行环境设置、管理和监控的主要界面。本书旨在帮助读者解决在日常运维中遇到的常见问题,涉及范围广泛,包括SQL数据库管理、单点登录(SSO)故障、密码问题、性能监控、存储配置以及操作管理等。 作者Chuck Mills以其专业经验,将复杂的故障排查流程简化,通过实际案例和深入分析,使读者能够理解和应用这些解决方案。书中将问题分类整理,便于管理员快速定位和解决他们所面临的问题。特别关注的是vCenter的数据备份与恢复,这是确保vCenter系统稳健运行的关键环节。 在本书的后期章节,作者会详述可能出现的各种vCenter数据库问题及其应对策略,这对于确保vCenter系统的稳定性和数据安全至关重要。值得注意的是,版权方面,该书受到严格保护,未经Packt Publishing事先书面许可,禁止任何形式的复制、存储或传输。尽管作者和出版社已经尽最大努力确保信息的准确性,但书中提供的所有内容均在无保修情况下销售,作者和出版方不对由此产生的任何直接或间接损失负责。 为了方便读者,书中的所有公司和产品商标信息都已正确标注,展示了Packt Publishing在尊重知识产权方面的专业态度。通过阅读这本书,无论是初级还是经验丰富的vCenter管理员,都能提升自己的故障诊断和处理能力,提高vSphere平台的整体运维效率。
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Preface
[ ix ]
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Preface
[ x ]
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[ 1 ]
vCenter Upgrades
and Migrations
Upgrades and migrations can be scary at times, and with vCenter at the heart of your
Virtual environment, be sure to take time to research, plan, and review the steps for
your process. It is also imperative that you fully understand and test the new product
before moving it to production. This chapter will provide the following information:
• Upgrading vCenter to vSphere 6
• Migrating vCenter from SQL Express to SQL Server
• Deploy vCenter Server Appliance with no DHCP server
• Upgrading from Windows vCenter 5.1 to vCenter Server Appliance
Best practices for upgrading to vCenter
Server
When you migrate to vSphere 6.0, you need to perform all the steps in sequence to
avoid frustration, loss of time, and, most importantly, possible data loss. Before you
upgrade, you should consider a roll back plan that could include backups and/or
snapshots. After you upgrade each component, there is no option to go back. Once
you migrate to vCenter Server 6.0, you cannot revert to vCenter Server 5.x without
performing your recovery process mentioned earlier.
Good planning and preparation includes research on the following:
• The back up and restoration of vCenter components
• Reading Release Notes for the targeted release
• Researching the Web for others that have performed the upgrade
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vCenter Upgrades and Migrations
[ 2 ]
This will help you in preparing yourself for the update, as it could help you avoid
using your recovery plan.
Verifying basic compatibility before upgrading
the vCenter Server
You want to verify that all the equipment (hardware) in your environment is going
to be compatible with the new software before you perform the upgrade. You
should check the VMware Compatibility Guide, found at http://www.vmware.com/
resources/compatibility
.
Verifying your hardware before the upgrade is better than nding out that it's not
compatible after the upgrade. Remember to check that plug-ins, such as multi-path
IO and any other features you are using will not cause you problems. If you're using
products such as Horizon View or Sire Recovery Manager (SRM), make sure you
verify the products for any possible conicts. Also, check any third-party solutions
you are using and make sure they can be used with the upgrade you are planning.
Preparing the database before the upgrade
You should verify that the existing database will be supported for the version of
vCenter Server you are upgrading to. Reference the VMware Product Interoperability
Matrixes found at http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility/sim/
interop_matrix.php
.
Perform a full backup of your vCenter Server database, along with the Inventory
Service database. Refer to the vendor documentation based on the vCenter Server
database type you are using.
To perform backups on the Inventory Service database for Windows, use
the information found at
https://pubs.vmware.com/vsphere-50/index.
jsp?topic=%2Fcom.vmware.vsphere.install.doc_50%2FGUID-518228D1-E305-
457C-B552-50DAB4BDF6B1.html
.
Also, make sure that permissions are set correctly (DBO) on your vCenter
Server database.
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Chapter 1
[ 3 ]
Verifying network prerequisites before
upgrading
You are going to want to make sure your network is working correctly and that it
meets all connectivity requirements for the upgrade of vCenter:
1. Check the fully qualied domain name (FQDN) of the system on which you
will perform the upgrade to make sure it can resolve to the other components.
2. Open the Command Prompt and use
nslookup, followed by the hostname of
your vCenter (for example, m-vcenter-01). This should return the IP address
that is assigned to that system. You should also see the name and IP address of
your domain controller. If this is successful, the FQDN should be resolvable.
3. Now, let's check the DNS reverse lookup and make sure it returns your
FQDN name when you use the IP address for the vCenter Server. Do not
perform this from the vCenter Server, but from another workstation.
4. If you use DHCP instead of an assigned IP (static) address on the vCenter
Server (which is not the best practice), check the name to make sure it is
correct in domain name service (DNS). When pinging the name of the
vCenter, you should see that the correct IP address is returned. This is shown
in the following screenshot:
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